Recovery or change? Differences between in seabird fauna in island ecosystems before alien mammal disturbance and after alien mammal eradication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Kawakami ◽  
Kazuo Horikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Island Ecosystems

scholarly journals Arthropod Predation of Vertebrates Structures Trophic Dynamics in Island Ecosystems

2021 ◽  
pp. 000-000
Author(s):  
Luke R. Halpin ◽  
Daniel I. Terrington ◽  
Holly P. Jones ◽  
Rowan Mott ◽  
Wei Wen Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Dynamics ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Arthropod Predation

scholarly journals Phytolith and Calcitic Spherulite Indicators from Modern Reference Animal Dung from Mediterranean Island Ecosystems: Menorca, Balearic Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7202
Author(s):  
Marta Portillo ◽  
Kate Dudgeon ◽  
Montserrat Anglada ◽  
Damià Ramis ◽  
Yolanda Llergo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Animal Dung ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Mediterranean Island

This study illustrates the contribution of plant and faecal microfossil records to interdisciplinary approaches on the identification, composition, taphonomy and seasonality of livestock dung materials. The focus is on the taphonomy of opal phytoliths and calcitic dung spherulites embedded within modern faecal pellets collected from pasture grounds and pens from a range of animals, including cattle, sheep and pigs from three different farms and seasons of the year in Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO. Modern reference materials provide comparative plant and dung microfossil indicators on factors affecting the formation, composition, preservation and decay of animal faeces, as well as on the diverse environmental and anthropogenic aspects influencing these. The reported results show relevant changes in phytolith and spherulite composition according to animal species and age, livestock management, seasonality, and grazing and foddering regimes. Both microfossil records provide fundamental information on taphonomic issues that are understudied, such as the variation in the digestibility among different species, including under investigated animals such as pigs, as well on the seasonality of plant and faecal microfossils that are excreted with dung as an important material for reconstructing human-environment interactions which is commonly overlooked in archaeology.

scholarly journals Impact Mechanism of the Ecological Vulnerability of Highly Developed Islands Based on the Bayesian Network Model—Applied to the Changshan Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Keyu Qin ◽  
Haijun Huang ◽  
Jingya Liu ◽  
Liwen Yan ◽  
Yanxia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Bayesian Network Model ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
The Impact

Islands are one of the most sensitive interfaces between global changes and land and sea dynamic effects, with high sensitivity and low stability. Therefore, under the dynamic coupling effect of human activities and frequent natural disasters, the vulnerability of the ecological environment of islands shows the characteristics of complexity and diversity. For the protection of island ecosystems, a system for the assessment of island ecosystems and studies on the mechanism of island ecological vulnerability are highly crucial. In this study, the North and South Changshan Islands of China were selected as the study area. Considering various impact factors of island ecological vulnerability, the geographical information systems (GIS) spatial analysis, field surveys, data sampling were used to evaluate island ecological vulnerability. The Bayesian network model was used to explore the impact mechanism of ecological vulnerability. The results showed that the ecological vulnerability of the North Changshan Island is higher than that of the South Changshan Island. Among all the indicators, the proportion of net primary productivity (NPP) and the steep slope has the strongest correlation with ecological vulnerability. This study can be used as references in the relevant departments to formulate management policies and promote the sustainable development of islands and their surrounding waters

Conservation and restoration of New Zealand Island ecosystems

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Towns ◽  
W.J. Ballantine
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Island Ecosystems

Numbers of plant species on the islands of Aldabra Atoll

1979 ◽  
Vol 286 (1011) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

The logarithm of island area accounts for 70 % of the variance in the number of plant species occurring on 100 lagoon islands. Two components of island altitude (altitude of the island rim and the logarithm of the island’s inland altitude) are also of importance, and account for 9 % of the variation in species numbers. A further 13 variables account for only an extra 5 % of the variance in the mixed model. These results resemble the findings of other island studies. In the equation S = K A z , z = 0.345 and falls within the range of expected values. The species-area curve gives little indication of the ‘small island effect’ found for other small islands; this may reflect, among other factors, the richness of the Aldabran flora when compared with those of the small island ecosystems already studied. The curve is also compared with that compiled by Williams (1964) and a discrepancy between the two is discussed. Woody plants are largely responsible for the increase of species numbers with increasing area. Species that are restricted to islands of particular sizes are listed and the characteristics of the frequencies of occurrence of the more common species are summarized.

Restoring Island Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
pp. 291-324
Author(s):  
Carl G. Jones ◽  
Jamieson A. Copsey
Keyword(s):  
Island Ecosystems
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