Nitrate reduction capacity is limited by belowground plant recovery in a 32‐year‐old created salt marsh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corianne Tatariw ◽  
Behzad Mortazavi ◽  
Taylor C. Ledford ◽  
Sommer F. Starr ◽  
Erin Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Plant Recovery ◽  
Reduction Capacity

Upscaling riparian lowland buffer zone flow dynamics in the Danish nitrogen model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Noorduijn ◽  
Anker Højberg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Flow Pathways ◽  
Reduction Capacity

<p>The importance of riparian lowland buffer zones on surface and ground-water quality has recently received greater attention within Denmark. Significant funding has been made available to re-establish riparian lowlands to reduce nitrate loading to streams, as well as reducing GHG emissions. Surface water nitrate loads are currently estimated using the national nitrogen model, the scale of this model is unable to capture the flow dynamics of small-scale riparian lowlands. Therefore, the model is unable to account for the spatial and temporal variation in the nitrate reduction in the riparian lowlands. Consequently, the current focus is on upscaling the hydrological impacts of riparian lowlands so they may be incorporated into the national scale model in a consistent and transparent way.</p><p>Key to quantifying the impacts of riparian lowlands on the surface water nitrate loading is partitioning flow pathways, e.g., surface runoff, groundwater discharge, and drain flow. For example, the likelihood of nitrate reduction within a riparian lowland dominated by surface runoff is low, conversely if groundwater discharge dominants the likelihood is higher. Determining a relationship between the small-scale riparian flow pathways and larger scale landscape features, such as drainage area, slope, and aquifer geometry, may provide a means to upscale and quantify the reduction capacity of a lowland riparian zone.</p><p>Numerous field scale riparian lowland investigations have focused on describing the hydraulic processes, but very few investigations have attempted to quantify the flow pathways and/or provide insight into how this information may be used at a larger scale. This investigation will aim to simulate and quantify the observed flow pathways at the field scale for two field sites in Jutland (Fensholt and Holtum), Denmark. These simulations will aid in identifying the keys landscape features which can be used to determine the reduction capacity of riparian lowlands at the national scale.</p>

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus xylosus: technological potential for use in fermented sausage

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela Maria Fiorentini ◽  
Maristela Cortez Sawitzki ◽  
Teresinha Marisa Bertol ◽  
Fábio Cristiano Angonesi Brod ◽  
Márcia Regina Pelisser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Fermented Sausage ◽  
Staphylococcus Xylosus ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Reduction Capacity

Micrococcaceae strains are applied to fermented sausage as starter cultures, where several members of this family are naturally found. The aim of the present work was to isolate and characterize Staphylococcus xylosus from artisanal sausages produced in South Region of Brazil. From 89 isolates presenting catalase positive and coagulase negative activities, 25 strains were selected for phenotypic characterization. Nine strains identified as Staphylococcus xylosus by API-STAPH were evaluated for their nitrate reduction capacity, which showed satisfactory growth of the strains in the presence of nitrite and sodium chloride, demonstrating their potential for use as starter cultures in fermented sausage. The strains were also evaluated through genus and species-specific PCR, which showed only two as S. xylosus, differing from results found in phenotypic characterization.

scholarly journals Long-term fertilization alters the relative importance of nitrate reduction pathways in salt marsh sediments

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 2082-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Peng ◽  
Qixing Ji ◽  
John H. Angell ◽  
Patrick J. Kearns ◽  
Hannah J. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Marsh Sediments ◽  
Salt Marsh Sediments

Urbanization impacts on production and recruitment of Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh creeks

2020 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
PJ Rudershausen ◽  
JA Buckel
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Juvenile Abundance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Throw Trap

It is unclear how urbanization affects secondary biological production in estuaries in the southeastern USA. We estimated production of larval/juvenile Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh areas of North Carolina tidal creeks and tested for factors influencing production. F. heteroclitus were collected with a throw trap in salt marshes of 5 creeks subjected to a range of urbanization intensities. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was used to reduce dimensionality of habitat and urbanization effects in the creeks and their watersheds. Production was then related to the first 2 dimensions of the MFA, month, and year. Lastly, we determined the relationship between creek-wide larval/juvenile production and abundance from spring and abundance of adults from autumn of the same year. Production in marsh (g m-2 d-1) varied between years and was negatively related to the MFA dimension that indexed salt marsh; higher rates of production were related to creeks with higher percentages of marsh. An asymptotic relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide production of larvae/juveniles and an even stronger density-dependent relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide larval/juvenile abundance. Results demonstrate (1) the ability of F. heteroclitus to maintain production within salt marsh in creeks with a lesser percentage of marsh as long as this habitat is not removed altogether and (2) a density-dependent link between age-0 production/abundance and subsequent adult recruitment. Given the relationship between production and marsh area, natural resource agencies should consider impacts of development on production when permitting construction in the southeastern USA.

Nitrate Reduction and Nitrite Utilization by Nitrifiers in an Unsaturated Hanford Sandy Loam

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Volz ◽  
L. W. Belser ◽  
M. S. Ardakani ◽  
A. D. McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Sandy Loam
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