Thinking systemically about ecological interventions: what do system archetypes teach us?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Hallett ◽  
Richard J. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
System Archetypes

A theory of spatial system archetypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd K. BenDor ◽  
Nikhil Kaza
Keyword(s):  
Spatial System ◽  
System Archetypes

scholarly journals A Pan-Cancer Census of Dominant Tumor Immune Archetypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Combes ◽  
Bushra Samad ◽  
Jessica Tsui ◽  
Nayvin W. Chew ◽  
Peter Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
System Archetypes ◽  
Tumor Gene Expression

SUMMARYCancers display significant heterogeneity with respect to tissue of origin, driver mutations and other features of the surrounding tissue. It is likely that persistent tumors differentially engage inherent patterns–here ‘Archetypes’–of the immune system, to both benefit from a tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and to disengage tumor-targeting. To discover dominant immune system archetypes, the Immunoprofiler Initiative (IPI) processed 364 individual tumors across 12 cancer types using standardized protocols. Computational clustering of flow cytometry and transcriptomic data obtained from cell sub compartments uncovered archetypes that exist across indications. These Immune composition-based archetypes differentiate tumors based upon unique immune and tumor gene-expression patterns. Archetypes discovered this way also tie closely to well-established classifications of tumor biology. The IPI resource provides a template for understanding cancer immunity as a collection of dominant patterns of immune infiltration and provides a rational path forward to learn how to modulate these patterns to improve therapy.

Mapping Land System Archetypes to Understand Drivers of Ecosystem Service Risks

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Václavík ◽  
Sven Lautenbach ◽  
Tobias Kuemmerle ◽  
Ralf Seppelt
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Land System ◽  
System Archetypes

Identifying behaviour patterns of construction safety using system archetypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian H.W. Guo ◽  
Tak Wing Yiu ◽  
Vicente A. González
Keyword(s):  
Construction Safety ◽  
System Archetypes

Social responsibility in tourism: system archetypes approach

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Pejic Bach ◽  
Jovana Zoroja ◽  
Marjana Merkac-Skok
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
System Archetypes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Tourism has become one of the world's major industries measured in terms of turnover, the number of employees and foreign currency earnings, having at the same time a huge impact on the environment. However, the future development of tourism depends on today's decisions that often do not take into account the positive and the negative impact on the tourism destinations' environment with long-term consequences that are not easily undone. System archetypes are generic structures that are responsible for generic patterns of behavior over time, especially behavior that is counterintuitive. The article aims to explore the possible use of system archetypes in order to increase socially responsible (SR), i.e. systemic thinking and behavior of tourism business organizations, based on the requisite holism theory. Design/methodology/approach – The experimental design methodology has been used in order to test the assumption that individuals familiar with the system archetypes will be more likely to believe that tourism business organizations that operate in tourism destinations should be involved in attaining SR goals. Participants included managers, public authorities and community representatives and were divided into an experiment and a control group. The experiment group was exposed to a workshop on system archetypes, while the control group had no treatment. Structured quantitative interviews were used in order to test differences in attitudes and beliefs on SR of tourism business organizations among the experiment and the control group members. Findings – Natural environment of tourism destinations as tourism's essential resource is often destroyed due to the lack of SR. The research results indicate that the exposure of individuals to system archetypes increased the understanding of importance of SR behavior of tourism business organizations. System archetypes increased individuals' comprehension of the fact that the non-linear causal relationship, time delay and hidden structures of the systems generate complex behavior resulting in damage to the natural environment of tourism destinations. Research limitations/implications – The survey research on a restricted number of subjects was applied. In order to overcome limitations of such an approach, the rigor procedure for data collection and analysis was used. Practical implications – Managers of tourism business organizations could use system archetypes to analyse the impact of their activities on tourism destinations environment and thus improve the social responsibility of their decisions. The authors propose the formation of system archetypes and their applications repository in an organized environment to enhance understanding of SR behavior of tourism business organizations. Originality/value – The authors used experimental design in order to test whether exposure of stakeholders' to system archetypes changes their attitudes regarding SR, with the goal to increase the understanding of various conflicts that emerge from the fact that tourism depends on unspoiled environment and at the same time tourism is a potential polluter. Available literature offers no similar applications of the system archetype approach to systemic behavior via SR in tourism.

scholarly journals System Archetypes to Understand the Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Production: A Case Study in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Limits To Growth ◽  
Simple Tool ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
System Archetypes ◽  
High Minimum Temperature ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate projections show that southern Indonesia such as West Nusa Tenggara is projected to experience a lower precipitation and higher temperatures. To date, research on climate change impact on Indonesian rice production yield is limited. As climate change is projected to decrease rainfall and to increase temperatures, this paper offers a qualitative analysis using system archetypes to understand the impacts of climate change on rice production. Two system archetypes are identified including Limits to Growth and Success to Successful. Both archetypes explain that rice production is hampered by high minimum temperature as photosynthesis output is decreased by increasing respiration. This paper shows that using a simple tool, system archetypes, we can describe the impacts of climate change on rice production. The outputs of this study such as a causal loop diagram and system archetypes can be a basis to develop a simulation model in understanding the impacts of climate change on main crops.

scholarly journals The Nexus Impacts of the COVID-19: A Qualitative Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Limits To Growth ◽  
Contagious Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
System Archetypes

The world has been highly impacted by the COVID-19 as the virus has spread to all continents – about 200 countries in total. The latest update claims about 4,000,000 confirmed cases and about 300,000 confirmed deaths owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. This probably makes the COVID-19 as the most dangerous contagious disease in the era 2000s. Apart from massive publications on this topic, there is no available qualitative analysis that describes the dynamic spreads of the COVID-19 and its impacts on healthcare and the economy. Through the system archetypes analysis, this paper explains that the dynamic spread of the COVID-19 consists of the limits to growth and the success to successful structures. The limits to growth elucidates that more symptomatic and asymptomatic patients owing to infected droplets may be bounded by self-healing and isolated treatments. The success to successful structure explains that once the COVID-19 affects the economy through the lockdown, there will be a limited fund to support the government aids and the aggregate demand. In overall, this paper gives readers simplified holistic insights into understanding the dynamic spread of the COVID-19.

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