Effect of steroid hormones on the innate immune response induced byStaphylococcus aureusin the goat mammary gland

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kuwahara ◽  
Y Yoshimura ◽  
N Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune

Innate immune response of bovine mammary gland to pathogenic bacteria responsible for mastitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Oviedo-Boyso ◽  
Juan J. Valdez-Alarcón ◽  
Marcos Cajero-Juárez ◽  
Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa ◽  
Joel E. López-Meza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland

Assessment of epithelial cells' immune and inflammatory response to Staphylococcus aureus when exposed to a macrolide

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mazzilli ◽  
Alfonso Zecconi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Immune Defences

Non-specific (innate) immune response plays a major role in defending the udder from bacterial invasion. Moreover, recent investigations suggest that mammary gland epithelial cells (MGEC) could have a large and important role as a source of soluble components of immune defences. Despite many attempts to find other ways to control/prevent mastitis (i.e. vaccine) antimicrobial therapy is still the most used and effective means of curing clinical and subclinical mastitis. However, drug concentrations and therapy durations are far from the optimal in order to reduce costs. Therefore, efficacy of antimicrobial therapy is dependent not only on the substance activity but also on the positive interactions with the host innate immune response. Surprisingly, information on these interactions is rather scarce in the mastitis field. A simple experimental model was developed based on BME-UV cell line, Staphylococcus aureus as a challenge and a macrolide as an antimicrobial to assess the interactions among epithelial cells, Staph. aureus and the potential effects of antimicrobials on the immune system. The results of this study confirmed that tylosin has good antimicrobial activity against both intracellular and extracellular Staph. aureus in bovine MGEC without affecting cell functions. In this study, a significant down-regulation of IL-1 and IL-6 was observed, while TNF and IL-8 expression rate numerically increased, but differences were not significant. To our knowledge, this is the first paper assessing the concentration of two lysosomal enzymes, lysozyme and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase), in Staph. aureus-stimulated MGEC. The results of this study confirmed that tylosin could have a significant effect on the release of these enzymes. Moreover, even if both enzymes have a similar substrate as a target, the results suggest different secretion mechanisms and an influence of antimicrobial treatment on these mechanisms. Successful mastitis cure is the result of achieving the optimal efficiency of both innate immune defences and therapeutical activities, by means of killing bacteria without eliciting an excessive inflammatory response. Therefore, antimicrobials for mastitis therapy should be selected not only on bacterial sensitivity, but also for their positive interactions with the innate immune response of the mammary gland. This study showed that an in-vitro model based on Staph. aureus challenge on MGEC could be helpful in assessing both the intracellular and extracellular activity of antimicrobials and their influence on epithelial cell immune and inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Production and Release of Antimicrobial and Immune Defense Proteins by Mammary Epithelial Cells following Streptococcus uberis Infection of Sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 3182-3197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Filippa Addis ◽  
Salvatore Pisanu ◽  
Gavino Marogna ◽  
Tiziana Cubeddu ◽  
Daniela Pagnozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Defense Proteins ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Dairy Animals

ABSTRACTInvestigating the innate immune response mediators released in milk has manifold implications, spanning from elucidation of the role played by mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in fighting microbial infections to the discovery of novel diagnostic markers for monitoring udder health in dairy animals. Here, we investigated the mammary gland response following a two-step experimental infection of lactating sheep with the mastitis-associated bacteriumStreptococcus uberis. The establishment of infection was confirmed both clinically and by molecular methods, including PCR and fluorescentin situhybridization of mammary tissues. Proteomic investigation of the milk fat globule (MFG), a complex vesicle released by lactating MECs, enabled detection of enrichment of several proteins involved in inflammation, chemotaxis of immune cells, and antimicrobial defense, including cathelicidins and calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9), in infected animals, suggesting the consistent involvement of MECs in the innate immune response to pathogens. The ability of MECs to produce and release antimicrobial and immune defense proteins was then demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and confocal immunomicroscopy of cathelicidin and the calprotectin subunit S100A9 on mammary tissues. The time course of their release in milk was also assessed by Western immunoblotting along the course of the experimental infection, revealing the rapid increase of these proteins in the MFG fraction in response to the presence of bacteria. Our results support an active role of MECs in the innate immune response of the mammary gland and provide new potential for the development of novel and more sensitive tools for monitoring mastitis in dairy animals.

scholarly journals Innate immune response of mammary gland induced by intramammary infusion of Bifidobacterium breve in lactating dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1742-1749
Author(s):  
Hajime NAGAHATA ◽  
Ayumi MORIYAMA ◽  
Chika SAWADA ◽  
Yukiko ASAI ◽  
Chihiro KOKUBU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Oral Immune Activation by Disgust and Disease-Related Pictures

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Stevenson ◽  
Deborah Hodgson ◽  
Megan J. Oaten ◽  
Luba Sominsky ◽  
Mehmet Mahmut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Image Set

Abstract. Both disgust and disease-related images appear able to induce an innate immune response but it is unclear whether these effects are independent or rely upon a common shared factor (e.g., disgust or disease-related cognitions). In this study we directly compared these two inductions using specifically generated sets of images. One set was disease-related but evoked little disgust, while the other set was disgust evoking but with less disease-relatedness. These two image sets were then compared to a third set, a negative control condition. Using a wholly within-subject design, participants viewed one image set per week, and provided saliva samples, before and after each viewing occasion, which were later analyzed for innate immune markers. We found that both the disease related and disgust images, relative to the negative control images, were not able to generate an innate immune response. However, secondary analyses revealed innate immune responses in participants with greater propensity to feel disgust following exposure to disease-related and disgusting images. These findings suggest that disgust images relatively free of disease-related themes, and disease-related images relatively free of disgust may be suboptimal cues for generating an innate immune response. Not only may this explain why disgust propensity mediates these effects, it may also imply a common pathway.

IL-17C is a mediator of respiratory epithelial innate immune response

Pneumologie ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Pfeifer ◽  
M Voss ◽  
B Wonnenberg ◽  
M Bischoff ◽  
F Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document