Coral propagation: a review of techniques for ornamental trade and reef restoration

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Barton ◽  
Bette L. Willis ◽  
Kate S. Hutson
Keyword(s):  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Ornamental Trade

scholarly journals Biological controls to manage Acropora-eating flatworms in coral aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Barton ◽  
C Humphrey ◽  
DG Bourne ◽  
KS Hutson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Host ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Peppermint Shrimp ◽  
Polyclad Flatworms ◽  
Ornamental Trade

Coral aquaculture is expanding to supply the marine ornamental trade and active coral reef restoration. A common pest of Acropora corals is the Acropora-eating flatworm Prosthiostomum acroporae, which can cause colonial mortality at high infestation densities on Acropora spp. We investigated the potential of 2 biological control organisms in marine aquaria for the control of P. acroporae infestations. A. millepora fragments infested with adult polyclad flatworms (5 flatworms fragment-1) or single egg clusters laid on Acropora skeleton were cohabited with either sixline wrasse Pseudocheilinus hexataenia or the peppermint shrimp Lysmata vittata and compared to a control (i.e. no predator) to assess their ability to consume P. acroporae at different life stages over 24 h. P. hexataenia consumed 100% of adult flatworms from A. millepora fragments (n = 9; 5 flatworms fragment-1), while L. vittata consumed 82.0 ± 26.76% of adult flatworms (mean ± SD; n = 20). Pseudocheilinus hexataenia did not consume any Prosthiostomum acroporae egg capsules, while L. vittata consumed 63.67 ± 43.48% (n = 20) of egg capsules on the Acropora skeletons. Mean handling losses in controls were 5.83% (shrimp system) and 7.50% (fish system) of flatworms and 2.39% (fish system) and 7.50% (shrimp system) of egg capsules. Encounters between L. vittata and P. hexataenia result in predation of P. acroporae on an Acropora coral host and represent viable biological controls for reducing infestations of P. acroporae in aquaculture systems.

Coral husbandry for ocean futures: leveraging abiotic factors to increase survivorship, growth, and resilience in juvenile Montipora capitata

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
JR Hancock ◽  
AR Barrows ◽  
TC Roome ◽  
AS Huffmyer ◽  
SB Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Montipora Capitata ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Juvenile Corals ◽  
Bleaching Response ◽  
The Face ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Global And Local

Reef restoration via direct outplanting of sexually propagated juvenile corals is a key strategy in preserving coral reef ecosystem function in the face of global and local stressors (e.g. ocean warming). To advance our capacity to scale and maximize the efficiency of restoration initiatives, we examined how abiotic conditions (i.e. larval rearing temperature, substrate condition, light intensity, and flow rate) interact to enhance post-settlement survival and growth of sexually propagated juvenile Montipora capitata. Larvae were reared at 3 temperatures (high: 28.9°C, ambient: 27.2°C, low: 24.5°C) for 72 h during larval development, and were subsequently settled on aragonite plugs conditioned in seawater (1 or 10 wk) and raised in different light and flow regimes. These juvenile corals underwent a natural bleaching event in Kāne‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (USA), in summer 2019, allowing us to opportunistically measure bleaching response in addition to survivorship and growth. This study demonstrates how leveraging light and flow can increase the survivorship and growth of juvenile M. capitata. In contrast, larval preconditioning and substrate conditioning had little overall effect on survivorship, growth, or bleaching response. Importantly, there was no optimal combination of abiotic conditions that maximized survival and growth in addition to bleaching tolerances. This study highlights the ability to tailor sexual reproduction for specific restoration goals by addressing knowledge gaps and incorporating practices that could improve resilience in propagated stocks.

scholarly journals The benefits of bivalve reef restoration: A global synthesis of underrepresented species

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050-2065
Author(s):  
Philine S. E. zu Ermgassen ◽  
Ruth H. Thurstan ◽  
Jorge Corrales ◽  
Heidi Alleway ◽  
Alvar Carranza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reef Restoration

Optimizing industrial-scale coral reef restoration: comparing harvesting wild coral spawn slicks and transplanting gravid adult colonies

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Doropoulos ◽  
Jesper Elzinga ◽  
Remment ter Hofstede ◽  
Mark van Koningsveld ◽  
Russell C. Babcock
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Reef Restoration

Changes in Sediment Characteristics upon Oyster Reef Restoration, NE Florida, USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa W Southwell ◽  
Jessica J Veenstra ◽  
Charles D Adams ◽  
Elizabeth V Scarlett ◽  
Kristy B Payne
Keyword(s):  
Oyster Reef ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
Reef Restoration

scholarly journals Sexual production of corals for reef restoration in the Anthropocene

2020 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 203-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Randall ◽  
AP Negri ◽  
KM Quigley ◽  
T Foster ◽  
GF Ricardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Up ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Broadcast Spawning ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Coral Abundance ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Sexual Production ◽  
Coral Recovery ◽  
Severe Disturbance

Coral-reef ecosystems are experiencing frequent and severe disturbance events that are reducing global coral abundance and potentially overwhelming the natural capacity for reefs to recover. While mitigation strategies for climate warming and other anthropogenic disturbances are implemented, coral restoration programmes are being established worldwide as an additional conservation measure to minimise coral loss and enhance coral recovery. Current restoration efforts predominantly rely on asexually produced coral fragments—a process with inherent practical constraints on the genetic diversity conserved and the spatial scale achieved. Because the resilience of coral communities has hitherto relied on regular renewal with natural recruits, the scaling-up of restoration programmes would benefit from greater use of sexually produced corals, which is an approach that is gaining momentum. Here we review the present state of knowledge of scleractinian coral sexual reproduction in the context of reef restoration, with a focus on broadcast-spawning corals. We identify key knowledge gaps and bottlenecks that currently constrain the sexual production of corals and consider the feasibility of using sexually produced corals for scaling-up restoration to the reef- and reef-system scales.

Oyster reef restoration in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Extent, methods and outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan La Peyre ◽  
Jessica Furlong ◽  
Laura A. Brown ◽  
Bryan P. Piazza ◽  
Ken Brown
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Oyster Reef ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Northern Gulf Of Mexico
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