Future CO 2 , warming and water deficit impact white and red Tempranillo grapevine: photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO 2 and biomass allocation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tefide Kizildeniz ◽  
Inmaculada Pascual ◽  
Juan José Irigoyen ◽  
Fermín Morales
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Photosynthetic Acclimation

scholarly journals Biomass Allocation and Root Characteristics of Early-Stage Poplars (Populus spp.) for Assessing Their Water-Deficit Response During SRC Establishment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Meyer ◽  
Kristin Morgenstern ◽  
Dávid Heilig ◽  
Bálint Heil ◽  
Gábor Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Fine Root Length

AbstractEarly above- and belowground biomass fractionation, root diameter composition and allocation of cumulated fine root length per total leaf area of Populus clones have been measured for a pre-assessment of the risk for plantation establishment during spring drought conditions. Four clones of Populus × euramericana, and one P. nigra × P. maximowiczii clone (cv. Max 3), were planted in sandy mix substrate and were exposed to one normal and one deficit watering regime over 65-day greenhouse experiments conducted during early summer. The P. × euramericana hybrids showed plasticity of their root biomass fractions. Although clone Max 3 was among the productive clones, even under deficit watering, it was not able to respond plastically to deficit watering. It showed no increase in the root biomass fraction and no increase in the ratio of cumulated fine root length per total leaf area. Therefore, the clone Max 3 should not be planted under high risk for spring drought. Planting the investigated P. × euramericana clones under water deficit likely involves a lower risk, but clone differences within this group must be considered. It can be concluded that the water deficit response of biomass allocation to roots and of the ratio of fine root length per unit leaf area is suitable traits to improve drought risk assessments that are based on yield response of poplar clones to drought. Percent plant loss data and the yield at the end of the first SRC rotation will be suitable to verify the present greenhouse assessment.

scholarly journals Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Seedlings of Japanese White Birch, a Fast-Growing Pioneer Species, to Free-Air Elevated O3 and CO2

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Mitsutoshi Kitao ◽  
Evgenios Agathokleous ◽  
Kenichi Yazaki ◽  
Masabumi Komatsu ◽  
Satoshi Kitaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Photosynthetic Acclimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Elevated O3 ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses

Plant growth is not solely determined by the net photosynthetic rate (A), but also influenced by the amount of leaves as a photosynthetic apparatus. To evaluate growth responses to CO2 and O3, we investigated the effects of elevated CO2 (550–560 µmol mol−1) and O3 (52 nmol mol−1; 1.7 × ambient O3) on photosynthesis and biomass allocation in seedlings of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) grown in a free-air CO2 and O3 exposure system without any limitation of root growth. Total biomass was enhanced by elevated CO2 but decreased by elevated O3. The ratio of root to shoot (R:S ratio) showed no difference among the treatment combinations, suggesting that neither elevated CO2 nor elevated O3 affected biomass allocation in the leaf. Accordingly, photosynthetic responses to CO2 and O3 might be more important for the growth response of Japanese white birch. Based on A measured under respective growth CO2 conditions, light-saturated A at a light intensity of 1500 µmol m−2 s−1 (A1500) in young leaves (ca. 30 days old) exhibited no enhancement by elevated CO2 in August, suggesting photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2. However, lower A1500 was observed in old leaves (ca. 60 days old) of plants grown under elevated O3 (regulated to be twice ambient O3). Conversely, light-limited A measured under a light intensity of 200 µmol m−2 s−1 (A200) was significantly enhanced by elevated CO2 in young leaves, but suppressed by elevated O3 in old leaves. Decreases in total biomass under elevated O3 might be attributed to accelerated leaf senescence by O3, indicated by the reduced A1500 and A200 in old leaves. Increases in total biomass under elevated CO2 might be attributed to enhanced A under high light intensities, which possibly occurred before the photosynthetic acclimation observed in August, and/or enhanced A under limiting light intensities.

Relationships between biomass allocation, axis organogenesis and organ expansion under shading and water deficit conditions in grapevine

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Pallas ◽  
Angélique Christophe
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Secondary Axis ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Abiotic Constraints

The relationships between whole-plant growth and morphogenetic processes under abiotic stresses are still partly unknown. Whole-plant biomass growth can be decreased by many abiotic stresses, including water deficit and shading. Two experiments were performed on potted plants of one grapevine cultivar (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah) subjected to watering and shading treatments. Under water stress, plants reduced their primary and secondary axis leaf production rate, whereas secondary axis budburst was relatively unaffected. Individual leaf area was reduced and a strong decrease in leaf expansion rate was observed. Under shading, primary axis organogenesis was maintained, both secondary axis budburst rate and phytomer appearance rate were decreased, and individual leaf area slightly increased. Specific leaf area did not change under soil water deficit, whereas it increased under shading. These results confirm the existence of dynamic changes in organ sink strength and biomass allocation patterns to favour plant leaf area growth under shading, and to reduce plant leaf area and water losses by transpiration under water stress. From a modelling point of view, this study shows that functional structural models based on a C balance are not fully relevant for simulating plant growth under abiotic constraints if they do not include non-trophic relationships (hormonal signalling or plant hydraulic properties) that modify organ sink strength according to abiotic constraints.

Effect of pavement and water deficit on biomass allocation and whole-tree transpiration in two contrasting urban tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-904
Author(s):  
Xuming Wang ◽  
Xiaoke Wang ◽  
Xu Sun ◽  
Graeme P. Berlyn ◽  
Abdur Rehim
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Whole Tree

scholarly journals Alokasi Biomassa pada Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Lokal Sulut Saat Kekurangan Air (Biomass Partitioning for North Sulawesi Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars under Water Deficit Condition)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Ai Nio ◽  
Audry Agatha Lenak ◽  
Feky R Mantiri ◽  
Susan M Mambu ◽  
Daniel PM Ludong
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Biomass Partitioning ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
North Sulawesi

ABSTRAK Salah satu masalah utama yang menjadi kendala dalam produksi padi di Indonesia adalah kekurangan air yang melanda areal persawahan sehingga menjadi suatu ancaman untuk produksi padi. Masalah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan beberapa cara dan salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui strategi adaptasi. Oleh sebab itu kajian sifat tahan kering pada padi lokal Sulawesi Utara (Sulut) perlu dilakukan, dalam upaya mendukung tercapainya tujuan strategis tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi sifat tahan kering pada empat varietas padi lokal Sulut (Burungan, Superwin, Temo dan Ombong) pada fase vegetatif saat kekurangan air berdasarkan alokasi biomassa. Setelah 14 hari perlakuan, rasio akar:tajuk pada keempat varietas menunjukkan bahwa varietas Superwin, Temo dan Burungan yang tidak diairi air memiliki rasio akar:tajuk yang lebih besar daripada yang diairi. Berdasarkan alokasi biomassa, sifat tahan kering Superwin, Temo dan Ombong lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Burungan, sehingga varietas ini potensial untuk ditanam di daerah kekurangan air. Kata kunci: biomassa, kekeringan, padi lokal Sulut, vegetative ABSTRACT One of the main problems in rice production in Indonesia is the lack of water and this condition resulted in the decrease of rice production. The problem can be solved in several ways and one of them is adaptation strategies. This study was conducted to evaluate drought resistance in four North Sulawesi local rice varieties (Burungan, Superwin, Temo and Ombong) at the vegetative phase under water deficit based on biomass allocation. After 14 days of treatment, the root:shoot ratio of Superwin, Temo and Burungan under drought were greater than under well-watered condition. Based on the biomass allocation, the drought resistance of Superwin, Temo and Ombong were greater than Burungan, so that these varieties were  potential to be grown in the water deficit areas. Keywords: biomass, drought, North Sulawesi local rice, vegetative

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