Plant aquaporins alleviate drought tolerance in plants by modulating cellular biochemistry, root‐architecture, and photosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaykumar Patel ◽  
Avinash Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Cellular Biochemistry

scholarly journals <i>AtDREB2A-CA</i> Influences Root Architecture and Increases Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Cotton

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (10) ◽  
pp. 1195-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugênia Lisei-de-Sá ◽  
Fabricio B. M. Arraes ◽  
Giovani G. Brito ◽  
Magda A. Beneventi ◽  
Isabela T. Lourenço-Tessutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Transgenic Cotton

scholarly journals Putative Mechanisms of Drought Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.) via Root System Architecture Traits

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. M. Al-Naggar ◽  
M. M. Shafik ◽  
M. O. A. Elsheikh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Identifying maize genotypes with favorable root architecture traits for drought tolerance is prerequisite for initiating a successful breeding program for developing high yielding and drought tolerant varieties of maize. The aims of the present study were: (i) to identify drought tolerant genotypes of maize at flowering and grain filling, (ii) to interpret the correlations between the drought tolerance and root architecture traits and (iii) to identify the putative mechanisms of drought tolerance via root system traits. An experiment was carried out in two years using a split plot design with three replications. The main plots were assigned to three water stress levels, namely: well watering (WW), water stress at flowering (WSF) and water stress at grain filling (WSG), and sub-plots to 22 maize cultivars and populations. Drought tolerance index (DTI) had strong and positive associations with crown root length (CRL), root circumference (RC) and root dry weight (DRW) under both WSF and WSG, a negative correlation with brace root whorls (BW), and positive correlations with crown root number (CN) under WSF and brace root branching (BB) and crown root branching (CB) under WSG. These root traits are therefore considered as putative mechanisms of drought tolerance. The cultivars Pioneer-3444, SC-128, Egaseed-77, SC-10 and TWC-324 showed the most drought tolerant and the highest yielding in a descending order; each had a number of such drought tolerance mechanisms. Further investigation should be conducted to determine the underlying root mechanisms contributing to the selection of water-efficient hybrids of maize.

Revealing the Effects of Potassium on Rice Roots under Moisture Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Kirti Bardhan ◽  
Dipika Patel ◽  
Dhiraji Patel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Organ Level ◽  
Plant Root System

The role of K in providing drought tolerance in the aerial parts of plants at the cellular, molecular, tissue, and organ level is well established compared to the plant root system. However, it is known that plants acquire soil water from deeper layers by modifying root architecture. The current study investigated the role of K in changing root architecture to facilitate more water acquisition as a mechanism to mitigate drought stress.

Functional-structural modelling of root water uptake based on measured MRI images of root systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Selzner ◽  
Magdalena Landl ◽  
Andreas Pohlmeier ◽  
Daniel Leitner ◽  
Jan Vanderborght ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Richards Equation

&lt;p&gt;In the course of climate change, the occurrence of extreme weather events is expected to increase. Drought tolerance of crops and careful irrigation management are becoming key factors for global food security and the sustainable resource use of water in agriculture. Root water uptake plays a vital role in drought tolerance. It is influenced by root architecture, plant and soil water status and their respective hydraulic properties. Models of said factors aid in organizing the current state of knowledge and enable a deeper understanding of their respective influence on crop performance. Water uptake by roots leads to a decrease in soil moisture and may cause the formation of soil water potential gradients between the bulk soil and the soil-root interface. Although the Richards equation in theory takes these gradients into account, a very fine discretization of the soil domain is necessary to capture these gradients in simulations. However, especially during drought stress, the drop in hydraulic conductivity in the rhizosphere could have a major impact on the overall water uptake of the root system. In order to investigate computationally feasible alternative approaches for simulations with source terms that take these hydraulic conductivity drops into account, we conducted experiments with lupine plants. The root architecture of the growing plants was measured several times using an MRI. Subsequently, these MRI images were used in a holobench for manual tracing of the roots. We were able to mimic the root growth between the measurement dates using linear interpolation. In addition to root architecture, soil water contents and transpiration rates were monitored. We then used this data to systematically compare the computational effort of different approaches to consider the hydraulic conductivity drop near roots in terms of accuracy and computational cost. Eventually we aim at using these results to improve existing root water uptake models for the presence of hydraulic conductivity drops in the rhizosphere in an efficient and accurate way.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Molecular and Morpho-Agronomical Characterization of Root Architecture at Seedling and Reproductive Stages for Drought Tolerance in Wheat

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e0156528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Sewak Singh Tomar ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Vinod ◽  
Bhojaraja K. Naik ◽  
Suresh Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Architecture

scholarly journals Investigation on Various Aboveground Traits to Identify Drought Tolerance in Cowpea Seedlings

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1757-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltram Ravelombola ◽  
Ainong Shi ◽  
Jun Qin ◽  
Yuejin Weng ◽  
Gehendra Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Impacts of drought stress on crop production can significantly impair farmer’s revenue, hence adversely impacting the gross national product growth. For cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], which is a legume of economic importance, effects of drought at early vegetative growth could lead to substantial yield losses. However, little has been done with respect to breeding for cowpea cultivars withstanding drought at early vegetative growth. In addition, previous investigations have focused on how plant morphology and root architecture can confer drought tolerance in cowpea, which is not sufficient in efforts to unravel unknown drought tolerance–related genetic mechanisms, potentially of great importance in breeding, and not pertaining to either plant morphology or root architecture. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate aboveground drought-related traits of cowpea genotypes at seedling stage. A total of 30 cowpea genotypes were greenhouse grown within boxes and the experimental design was completely randomized with three replicates. Drought stress was imposed for 28 days. Data on a total of 17 aboveground-related traits were collected. Results showed the following: 1) a large variation in these traits was found among the genotypes; 2) more trifoliate wilt/chlorosis tolerance but more unifoliate wilt/chlorosis susceptible were observed; 3) delayed senescence was related to the ability of maintaining a balanced chlorophyll content in both unifoliate and trifoliate leaves; and 4) the genotypes PI293469, PI349674, and PI293568 were found to be slow wilting and drought tolerant. These results could contribute to advancing breeding programs for drought tolerance in cowpea.

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