Root system architecture, physiological and transcriptional traits of soybean ( Glycine max L.) in response to water deficit: A review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rentao Xiong ◽  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Michael J. Considine ◽  
Kadambot H.M. Siddique ◽  
Hon‐Ming Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root System ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Response To Water

scholarly journals Plasticity of the Root System Architecture and Leaf Gas Exchange Parameters Are Important for Maintaining Bottle Gourd Responses under Water Deficit

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1697
Author(s):  
Dinoclaudio Zacarias Rafael ◽  
Osvin Arriagada ◽  
Guillermo Toro ◽  
Jacob Mashilo ◽  
Freddy Mora-Poblete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Bottle Gourd

The evaluation of root system architecture (RSA) development and the physiological responses of crop plants grown under water-limited conditions are of great importance. The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term variation of the morphological and physiological plasticity of Lagenaria siceraria genotypes under water deficit, evaluating the changes in the relationship between the root system architecture and leaf physiological responses. Bottle gourd genotypes were grown in rhizoboxes under well-watered and water deficit conditions. Significant genotype-water regime interactions were observed for several RSA traits and physiological parameters. Biplot analyses confirmed that the drought-tolerant genotypes (BG-48 and GC) showed a high net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rates with a smaller length, and a reduced root length density of second-order lateral roots, whereas the genotypes BG-67 and Osorno were identified as drought-sensitive and showed greater values for average root length and the density of second-order lateral roots. Consequently, a reduced length and density of lateral roots in bottle gourd should constitute a response to water deficit. The root traits studied here can be used to evaluate bottle gourd performance under novel water management strategies and as criteria for breeding selection.

scholarly journals Root System Architecture, Copper Uptake and Tissue Distribution in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Grown in Copper Oxide Nanoparticle (CuONP)-Amended Soil and Implications for Human Nutrition

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1326
Author(s):  
Elham Yusefi-Tanha ◽  
Sina Fallah ◽  
Ali Rostamnejadi ◽  
Lok Raj Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Cu Uptake ◽  
Stem Leaf

Understanding the potential uptake and biodistribution of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soil-grown plants is imperative for realistic toxicity and risk assessment considering the oral intake of edibles by humans. Herein, growing N-fixing symbiont (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) inoculated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) for a full lifecycle of 120 days, we assessed the potential influence of particle size (25, 50, and 250 nm) and concentration (0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg/kg soil) of Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) on: (1) root system architecture, (2) soil physicochemical attributes at the soil–root interface, and (3) Cu transport and accumulation in root, stem, leaf, and seed in soybean, and compared them with the soluble Cu2+ ions and water-only controls. Finally, we performed a comparative assessment of total seed Cu levels in soybean with other valuable food sources for Cu intake and discussed potential human health implications. Results showed particle size- and concentration-dependent influence of CuONPs on Cu uptake and distribution in root, stem, leaf, and seed. Alterations in root architecture (root biomass, length, volume, and area) were dependent on the Cu compound types, Cu concentrations, and their interactions. Concentration–response relationships for all three sizes of CuONPs and Cu2+ ions were found to be linear. Furthermore, CuONPs and Cu2+ ions had inhibitory effects on root growth and development. Overall, soybean responses to the smallest size of CuONPs–25 nm—were greater for all parameters tested compared to the two larger-sized CuONPs (50 nm, 250 nm) or Cu2+ ions. Results suggest that minor changes in soil-root physicochemical attributes may not be a major driver for Cu uptake in soybean. Cu bioaccumulation followed the order: root > leaf > stem > seed. Despite reduction in root architecture and seed yield, the smallest size CuONPs–25 nm led to increased total seed Cu uptake compared to the larger-sized CuONPs or Cu2+ ions. Our findings also suggest that soil amendment with CuONPs, and more so with the smallest size of CuONPs–25 nm—could significantly improve seed nutritional Cu value in soybean as reflected by the % Daily Values (DV) and are rated “Good” to “Very Good” according to the “World’s Healthiest Foods” rating. However, until the potential toxicity and risk from CuONP-fortified soybean seed ingestion is characterized in humans, we caution recommending such seeds for daily human consumption when addressing food Cu-deficiency and associated diseases, globally.

The differential expression of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] WRKY genes in response to water deficit

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 288-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Pereira Dias ◽  
Luisa Abruzzi de Oliveira-Busatto ◽  
Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettini
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Response To Water

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study of Topsoil Root System Architecture in Field-Grown Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Prabhu Dhanapal ◽  
Larry M. York ◽  
Kasey A. Hames ◽  
Felix B. Fritschi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Unique Snps

Water and nutrient acquisition is a critical function of plant root systems. Root system architecture (RSA) traits are often complex and controlled by many genes. This is the first genome-wide association study reporting genetic loci for RSA traits for field-grown soybean (Glycine max). A collection of 289 soybean genotypes was grown in three environments, root crowns were excavated, and 12 RSA traits assessed. The first two components of a principal component analysis of these 12 traits were used as additional aggregate traits for a total of 14 traits. Marker–trait association for RSA traits were identified using 31,807 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by a genome-wide association analysis. In total, 283 (non-unique) SNPs were significantly associated with one or more of the 14 root traits. Of these, 246 were unique SNPs and 215 SNPs were associated with a single root trait, while 26, four, and one SNPs were associated with two, three, and four root traits, respectively. The 246 SNPs marked 67 loci associated with at least one of the 14 root traits. Seventeen loci on 13 chromosomes were identified by SNPs associated with more than one root trait. Several genes with annotation related to processes that could affect root architecture were identified near these 67 loci. Additional follow-up studies will be needed to confirm the markers and candidate genes identified for RSA traits and to examine the importance of the different root characteristics for soybean productivity under a range of soil and environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Root Foraging in Soybean (Glycine max) under Nitrogen Deprivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 1140-1146
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adnan Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Nitrogen Deprivation ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Nitrate Supply

Nitrate is one of the key sources of nitrogen in natural and agricultural soils. The distribution and concentration of nitrate determine root system architecture in plants. Soybean (Glycine max L) is one of the key leguminous crops, while farmers rarely apply nitrogen in soybean crops except for a starter nitrogen dose at the time of sowing. However, the effects of severe deficiency nitrate on early seedling establishment of soybean before nodulation are not yet studied. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of high dose of nitrate (54.3 mM) and its deprivationon (0 mM) on the root system architecture of soybean during seedling establishment. Results showed that the root traits including primary root length, fresh biomass, total length, surface area, tips, forks, and its crossings were significantly higher under no nitrate condition than nigh nitrate condition except for root volume, its dry biomass and diameter. Shoot growth attributes such as shoot length, shoot fresh biomass, shoot dry biomass, single leaf area, soil-plant analysis development value, and photosynthesis was significantly decreased while leaf dry mass per area was increased significantly under no nitrate condition. Furthermore, high nitrate supply significantly enhanced the content of nitrate in root tissue, but there was no significant difference between low and optimal nitrate supply. In summary, this study indicated that soybean root system architecture adopts a foraging strategy under nitrogen deprived environment. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Comprehensive Genome-Wide Association Analysis Reveals the Genetic Basis of Root System Architecture in Soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldiodio Seck ◽  
Davoud Torkamaneh ◽  
François Belzile
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genome Wide

Increasing the understanding genetic basis of the variability in root system architecture (RSA) is essential to improve resource-use efficiency in agriculture systems and to develop climate-resilient crop cultivars. Roots being underground, their direct observation and detailed characterization are challenging. Here, were characterized twelve RSA-related traits in a panel of 137 early maturing soybean lines (Canadian soybean core collection) using rhizoboxes and two-dimensional imaging. Significant phenotypic variation (P < 0.001) was observed among these lines for different RSA-related traits. This panel was genotyped with 2.18 million genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a combination of genotyping-by-sequencing and whole-genome sequencing. A total of 10 quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions were detected for root total length and primary root diameter through a comprehensive genome-wide association study. These QTL regions explained from 15 to 25% of the phenotypic variation and contained two putative candidate genes with homology to genes previously reported to play a role in RSA in other species. These genes can serve to accelerate future efforts aimed to dissect genetic architecture of RSA and breed more resilient varieties.

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