Homeotic transformation from stamen to petal in Eriobotrya japonica is associated with hormone signal transduction and reduction of the transcriptional activity of EjAG

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danlong Jing ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Yan Xia ◽  
Min Shi ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Homeotic Transformation

Review of Progress in Predicting Protein Methylation Sites

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 1663-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Ao ◽  
Shunshan Jin ◽  
Yuan Lin ◽  
Quan Zou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Methylation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Regulatory Enzymes ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
Arginine Residues

Protein methylation is an important and reversible post-translational modification that regulates many biological processes in cells. It occurs mainly on lysine and arginine residues and involves many important biological processes, including transcriptional activity, signal transduction, and the regulation of gene expression. Protein methylation and its regulatory enzymes are related to a variety of human diseases, so improved identification of methylation sites is useful for designing drugs for a variety of related diseases. In this review, we systematically summarize and analyze the tools used for the prediction of protein methylation sites on arginine and lysine residues over the last decade.

Flt3 Internal Tandem Duplications Cooperate with Wnt Signaling in Leukemic Signal Transduction.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 822-822
Author(s):  
Lara Tickenbrock ◽  
Joachim Schwable ◽  
Markus Wiedehage ◽  
Bjoern Steffen ◽  
Chunaram Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Fusion Proteins ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Wnt Proteins ◽  
Tandem Duplications

Abstract Flt3 internal tandem duplications cooperate with Wnt signaling in leukemic signal transduction Lara Tickenbrock, Joachim Schwable, Markus Wiedehage, Bjoern Steffen, Chunaram Choudhary, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Carsten Muller-Tidow and Hubert Serve Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany The type III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Flt3 plays an important role in survival and proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Somatic mutations of Flt3 consisting of internal tandem duplications (ITD) occur in 25% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and are associated with a poor prognosis. They result in Flt3-ligand (FL) independent kinase activation of Flt3. The Wnt signal transduction pathway has recently been implicated to be an important regulator of early hematopoietic stem cell fate decisions. Also, we previously showed that activation of Wnt-dependent Tcf transcriptional activity is induced by the leukemia-associated fusion proteins PML-RAR? and AML1-ETO. Here, we show that Flt3-ITD mutations enhance basal and Wnt3a-stimulated Tcf activity in myeloid cells. Microarray experiments analyzing Flt3-ITD target genes in 32D cells revealed up to 8-fold induction of Frizzled-4, a cell surface receptor for Wnt proteins, by Flt3-ITD mutations. This could be verified by real-time RT-PCR and Western Blot analyses. In functional analyses, we explored the synergism of Flt3-ITD and the activation of Wnt signaling. Flt3-ITD mutations induced the accumulation of ?-Catenin and TCF-dependent transcriptional activity. Also, the presence of Flt3-ITD highly sensitized cells for ?-Catenin-induction by the Wnt3a. Wnt3a incubation enhanced 32D cell proliferation in the presence of activated Flt3 receptors. More importantly, Flt3-ITD-mediated clonogenic growth highly depended on the activity of Tcf transcription factors, since transient transfection of Flt3-ITD cells with dominant negative TCF4 almost abolished 32D cell colony growth. Our results indicate that Flt3-ITD mutations mediate their leukemogenic effects in part through the activation of Wnt-dependent signaling pathways, possibly defining this signal system as a converging point of leukemogenic events elicited by Flt3-mutations and leukemia-associated fusion proteins.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Heme-Dependent Signal Transduction System in Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Deletion of the chrAS Genes Results in Heme Sensitivity and Diminished Heme-Dependent Activation of the hmuO Promoter

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 7406-7412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Bibb ◽  
Natalie D. King ◽  
Carey A. Kunkle ◽  
Michael P. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Sensor Kinase ◽  
Signal Transduction System ◽  
Dependent Signal ◽  
Two Component Signal Transduction

ABSTRACT The Corynebacterium diphtheriae hmuO gene encodes a heme oxygenase that is involved in the utilization of heme as an iron source. Transcription of hmuO is activated by heme or hemoglobin and repressed by iron and DtxR. Previous studies with Escherichia coli showed that heme-dependent transcriptional activation of an hmuO promoter-lacZ fusion was dependent on the cloned C. diphtheriae chrA and chrS genes (chrAS), which encode the response regulator and sensor kinase, respectively, of a two-component signal transduction system. In this study, nonpolar deletions in the chrAS genes were constructed on the chromosome of C. diphtheriae. Mutations in chrAS resulted in marked reduction in heme-dependent transcription of hmuO, which indicates that the ChrA/S system is a key regulator at the hmuO promoter. However, low but significant levels of heme-specific transcriptional activity were observed at the hmuO promoter in the chrAS mutants, suggesting that an additional heme-dependent activator is involved in hmuO expression. The chrAS mutants were also sensitive to heme, which was observed only in stationary-phase cultures and correlated with reduced cell viability. The heme sensitivity of the mutants was not due to reduced expression of hmuO, and these results suggest that additional factors controlled by the ChrA/S system may be involved in protection against heme toxicity. Transcriptional analysis of the chrAS operon revealed that it was not autoregulated or affected by iron or heme levels.

Effect of Triterpene Acids of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. Leaf and MAPK Signal Transduction Pathway on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Alveolar Macrophage of Chronic Bronchitis Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (06) ◽  
pp. 1099-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Huang ◽  
J. Li ◽  
X. M. Meng ◽  
G. L. Jiang ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

The goal of this study was to investigate the possible therapy mechanism of triterpene acids of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. Leaf (TAL) in alveolar macrophage (AM) of chronic bronchitis (CB) rats. CB model was established by injection of bacillus calmette guein (BCG) plus lipopolisacharide (LPS) in rats. TAL significantly inhibited the increased NO concentration, iNOS expression and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of CB rats. Using in vivo test, we found that SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, (10 μM) significantly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression in AM. This data indicate that TAL highly decreases excessive iNOS expression and NO induction, and p38 MAPK signal transduction participates in iNOS expression and NO induction in AM of CB rats. The effect of TAL on iNOS expression in AM may be related to its inhibition of p38 MAPK signal transduction.

scholarly journals De Novo Analysis Reveals Transcriptomic Responses in Eriobotrya japonica Fruits during Postharvest Cold Storage

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoukai Lin ◽  
Ti Wu ◽  
Hailan Lin ◽  
Yanqing Zhang ◽  
Shichang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Transcriptomic Responses

Cold storage is the primary preservation method of postharvest loquat fruits. However, cold storage also results in many chilling injury physiological disorders called lignification, which decreases the quality and economic value of the fruits. Few studies to date have focused on the transcriptomic responses associated with lignification except lignin synthesis pathways. This study aimed to explore the changes of loquat transcriptome during long-term cold storage. Our results showed that the gene expression patterns were differed among the five stages. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to cold storage were more intense and complex in earlier stage. The membrane-related genes preferentially responded to low temperature and were followed by intracellular-located genes. The cold-induced pathways were mainly concerned with signal transduction and secondary metabolism (i.e., lignin, pectin, cellulose, terpenoid, carotenoid, steroid) in the first three stages and were chiefly related to primary metabolism in the later two stages, especially energy metabolism. Further investigation suggested that 503 protein kinases, 106 protein phosphatases, and 40 Ca2+ signal components were involved in the cold signal transduction of postharvest loquat fruits. We predicted a pathway including 649 encoding genes of 49 enzymes, which displayed the metabolisms of major sugars and polysaccharides in cold-stored loquat fruits. The coordinated expression patterns of these genes might contribute to the changes of saccharides in the pathway. These results provide new insight into the transcriptomic changes of postharvest loquat fruits in response to cold storage environment, which may be helpful for improving the postharvest life of loquat in the future.

scholarly journals Multiplex genomic recording of enhancer and signal transduction activities in mammalian cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Shendure ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Junhong Choi ◽  
Jenny Nathans ◽  
Vikram Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Sample ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Recording Unit

Abstract Measurements of gene expression and signal transduction activity are conventionally performed with methods that require either the destruction or live imaging of a biological sample within the timeframe of interest. Here we demonstrate an alternative paradigm, termed ENGRAM (ENhancer-driven Genomic Recording of transcriptional Activity in Multiplex), in which the activity and dynamics of multiple transcriptional reporters are stably recorded to DNA. ENGRAM is based on the prime editing-mediated insertion of signal- or enhancer-specific barcodes to a genomically encoded recording unit. We show how this strategy can be used to concurrently record the relative activity of at least hundreds of enhancers with high fidelity, sensitivity and reproducibility. Leveraging synthetic enhancers that are responsive to specific signal transduction pathways, we further demonstrate time- and concentration-dependent genomic recording of Wnt, NF-κB, and Tet-On activity. Finally, by coupling ENGRAM to sequential genome editing, we show how serially occurring molecular events can potentially be ordered. Looking forward, we envision that multiplex, ENGRAM-based recording of the strength, duration and order of enhancer and signal transduction activities has broad potential for application in functional genomics, developmental biology and neuroscience.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document