Inhibition of NADP‐malic enzyme activity by H 2 S and NO in sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) fruits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. Muñoz‐Vargas ◽  
Salvador González‐Gordo ◽  
José M. Palma ◽  
Francisco J. Corpas
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Malic Enzyme Activity

Morphological and biochemical analyses of changes in rat hepatocytes related to wine and ethanol consumption

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
S.M. Geyer ◽  
C.L. Mendenhall ◽  
J.T. Hung ◽  
E.L. Cardell ◽  
R.L. Drake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Malic Enzyme Activity ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Thirty-three mature male Holtzman rats were randomly placed in 3 treatment groups: Controls (C); Ethanolics (E); and Wine drinkers (W). The animals were fed synthetic diets (Lieber type) with ethanol or wine substituted isocalorically for carbohydrates in the diet of E and W groups, respectively. W received a volume of wine which provided the same gram quantity of alcohol consumed by E. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation after 6 weeks and the livers processed for quantitative triglycerides (T3), proteins, malic enzyme activity (MEA), light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM). Morphometric analysis of randomly selected LM and EM micrographs was performed to determine organellar changes in centrilobular (CV) and periportal (PV) regions of the liver. This analysis (Table 1) showed that hepatocytes from E were larger than those in C and W groups. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum decreased in E and increased in W compared to C values.

scholarly journals Multispectral Assessment of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruit Quality Affected by Calcite Nanoparticles

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Monika Vidak ◽  
Boris Lazarević ◽  
Marko Petek ◽  
Jerko Gunjača ◽  
Zlatko Šatović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convex Hull ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world because of the nutritional value of its fruits and its economic importance. Calcium (Ca) improves the quality of sweet pepper fruits, and the application of calcite nanoparticles in agricultural practice has a positive effect on the morphological, physiological, and physicochemical properties of the whole plant. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of commercial calcite nanoparticles on yield, chemical, physical, morphological, and multispectral properties of sweet pepper fruits using a combination of conventional and novel image-based nondestructive methods of fruit quality analysis. In the field trial, two sweet pepper cultivars, i.e., Šorokšari and Kurtovska kapija, were treated with commercial calcite nanoparticles (at a concentration of 3% and 5%, calcite-based foliar fertilizer (positive control), and water (negative control) three times during vegetation). Sweet pepper fruits were harvested at the time of technological and physiological maturity. Significant differences were observed between pepper cultivars as well as between harvests times. In general, application of calcite nanoparticles reduced yield and increased fruit firmness. However, different effects of calcite nanoparticles were observed on almost all properties depending on the cultivar. In Šorokšari, calcite nanoparticles and calcite-based foliar fertilizers significantly increased N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu at technological maturity, as well as P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and N at physiological maturity. However, in Kurtovska kapija, the treatments increased only Ca at technological maturity and only P at physiological maturity. The effect of treatments on fruit morphological properties was observed only at the second harvest. In Šorokšari, calcite nanoparticles (3% and 5%) increased the fruit length, minimal circle area, and minimal circle radius, and it decreased the fruit width and convex hull compared to the positive and negative controls, respectively. In Kurtovska kapija, calcite nanoparticles increased the fruit width and convex hull compared to the controls. At physiological maturity, lower anthocyanin and chlorophyll indices were found in Kurtovska kapija in both treatments with calcite nanoparticles, while in Šorokšari, the opposite effects were observed.

scholarly journals Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits Contain an Atypical Peroxisomal Catalase That Is Modulated by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Salvador González-Gordo ◽  
Amanda Cañas ◽  
María Jesús Campos ◽  
Alberto Paradela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Native Molecular Mass ◽  
Pepper Fruit

During the ripening of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits, in a genetically controlled scenario, enormous metabolic changes occur that affect the physiology of most cell compartments. Peroxisomal catalase gene expression decreases after pepper fruit ripening, while the enzyme is also susceptible to undergo post-translational modifications (nitration, S-nitrosation, and oxidation) promoted by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Unlike most plant catalases, the pepper fruit enzyme acts as a homodimer, with an atypical native molecular mass of 125 to 135 kDa and an isoelectric point of 7.4, which is higher than that of most plant catalases. These data suggest that ROS/RNS could be essential to modulate the role of catalase in maintaining basic cellular peroxisomal functions during pepper fruit ripening when nitro-oxidative stress occurs. Using catalase from bovine liver as a model and biotin-switch labeling, in-gel trypsin digestion, and nanoliquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, it was found that Cys377 from the bovine enzyme could potentially undergo S-nitrosation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cysteine residue from catalase that can be post-translationally modified by S-nitrosation, which makes it especially important to find the target points where the enzyme can be modulated under either physiological or adverse conditions.

‘Malic Enzyme’ Activity in Blowfly Muscle

Nature ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 177 (4514) ◽  
pp. 842-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. LEWIS ◽  
G. M. PRICE
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Malic Enzyme Activity

scholarly journals Androgenesis induction in microspore culture of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Anikó Gémes Juhász ◽  
Pál Vági ◽  
Róbert Mihály ◽  
Zoltán Kristóf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

An in situ cell marker for clonal analysis of development of the extraembryonic endoderm in the mouse*

Development ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-288
Author(s):  
R. L. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Primitive Endoderm ◽  
Extraembryonic Endoderm ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Malic Enzyme Activity ◽  
Parietal Endoderm

Conditions were found for staining whole mid-gestation capsular parietal endoderms and visceral yolk sacs for malic enzyme activity that gave excellent discrimination between wildtype (Mod-1+/Mod-1+) cells and mutant (Mod-ln/Mod-1n) cells that lack the cytoplasmic form of the enzyme. Reciprocal blastocyst injection experiments were undertaken in which single primitive endoderm cells of one genotype were transplanted into embryos of the other genotype. In addition, Mod-1+/Mod-1+ early inner cell mass (ICM) cells were injected into Mod-1n/Mod-1n blastocysts, either in groups of two or three singletons or as daughter cell pairs. A substantial proportion of the resulting conceptuses showed mosaic histochemical staining in the parietal endoderm, visceral yolk sac, or in both these membranes. Stained cells were invariably intimately intermixed with unstained cells in the mosaic parietal endoderms. In contrast, one or both of two distinct patterns of staining could be discerned in mosaic visceral yolk sacs. The first, a conspicuously ‘coherent’ pattern, was found to be due to endodermal chimaerism; the second, a more diffuse pattern, was attributable to chimaerism in the mesodermal layer of this membrane. The overall distribution of cells with donor staining characteristics resulting from primitive endoderm versus early ICM cell injections was consistent with findings in earlier experiments in which allozymes of glucosephosphate isomerase were used as markers. The conspicuous lack of phenotypically intermediate cells in predominantly stained areas of mosaic membranes suggested that the histochemical difference between Mod-1+/Mod-1+ and Mod-1n/Mod-ln genotypes was cell-autonomous. This conclusion was strengthened by the results of staining mixed in vitro cultures of parietal endoderm in which presence or absence of phagocytosed melanin granules was used as an independent means of distinguishing wild type from null cells. By substituting tetranitro blue tetrazolium for nitro blue tetrazolium in the incubation medium, satisfactory differential staining was obtained for both the extraembryonic endoderm and other tissues of earlier postimplantation wild type versus null embryos. Finally, absence of cytoplasmic malic enzyme activity does not appear to have a significant effect on the viability or behaviour of mutant cells.

AGRONOMIC RESPONSE OF SWEET PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) TO CO2 ENRICHMENT IN GREENHOUSES WITH STATIC VENTILATION

2006 ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Baba ◽  
J.V. Maroto ◽  
A. San Batoutista ◽  
B. Pascual ◽  
S. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L
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