Compositional and transcriptomic analysis associated with cuticle lipid production on rosette and inflorescence stem leaves in the extremophyte Thellungiella salsuginea

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Tang ◽  
Ningmei Chen ◽  
Buerbatu Song ◽  
Junqing He ◽  
Yijun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Thellungiella Salsuginea ◽  
Inflorescence Stem

scholarly journals Chemical and Transcriptomic Analysis of Cuticle Lipids under Cold Stress in Thellungiella salsuginea

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqing He ◽  
Shuai Tang ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Ludi Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Thellungiella Salsuginea ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Wax Crystal ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cuticle Ultrastructure

Plant cuticle lipids form outer protective layers to resist environmental stresses; however, the relationship between cuticle properties and cold tolerance is unclear. Here, the extremophyte Thellungiella salsuginea was stressed under cold conditions (4 °C) and the cuticle of rosette leaves was examined in terms of epicuticular wax crystal morphology, chemical composition, and cuticle-associated gene expression. The results show that cold induced formation of distinct lamellas within the cuticle ultrastructure. Cold stress caused 14.58% and 12.04% increases in the amount of total waxes and cutin monomer per unit of leaf area, respectively, probably associated with the increase in total fatty acids. The transcriptomic analysis was performed on rosette leaves of Thellungiella exposed to cold for 24 h. We analyzed the expression of 72 genes putatively involved in cuticle lipid metabolism, some of which were validated by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) after both 24 h and one week of cold exposure. Most cuticle-associated genes exhibited higher expression levels under cold conditions, and some key genes increased more dramatically over the one week than after just 24 h, which could be associated with increased amounts of some cuticle components. These results demonstrate that the cuticle provides some aspects of cold adaptation in T. salsuginea.

Untangling the Metabolic Reprogramming in Brain Cancer: Discovering Key Molecular Players Using Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 1521-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Sorokin ◽  
Vsevolod Shurkhay ◽  
Stanislav Pekov ◽  
Evgeny Zhvansky ◽  
Daniil Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cells

Cells metabolism alteration is the new hallmark of cancer, as well as an important method for carcinogenesis investigation. It is well known that the malignant cells switch to aerobic glycolysis pathway occurring also in healthy proliferating cells. Recently, it was shown that in malignant cells de novo synthesis of the intracellular fatty acid replaces dietary fatty acids which change the lipid composition of cancer cells noticeably. These alterations in energy metabolism and structural lipid production explain the high proliferation rate of malignant tissues. However, metabolic reprogramming affects not only lipid metabolism but many of the metabolic pathways in the cell. 2-hydroxyglutarate was considered as cancer cell biomarker and its presence is associated with oxidative stress influencing the mitochondria functions. Among the variety of metabolite detection methods, mass spectrometry stands out as the most effective method for simultaneous identification and quantification of the metabolites. As the metabolic reprogramming is tightly connected with epigenetics and signaling modifications, the evaluation of metabolite alterations in cells is a promising approach to investigate the carcinogenesis which is necessary for improving current diagnostic capabilities and therapeutic capabilities. In this paper, we overview recent studies on metabolic alteration and oncometabolites, especially concerning brain cancer and mass spectrometry approaches which are now in use for the investigation of the metabolic pathway.

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