scholarly journals VvPIP2;4Naquaporin involvement in controlling leaf hydraulic capacitance and resistance in grapevine

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Vitali ◽  
Hervé Cochard ◽  
Giorgio Gambino ◽  
Alexandre Ponomarenko ◽  
Irene Perrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Capacitance

scholarly journals Hydraulic acclimation in a Mediterranean oak subjected to permanent throughfall exclusion results in increased stem hydraulic capacitance

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1528-1544
Author(s):  
Roberto L. Salomón ◽  
Kathy Steppe ◽  
Jean M. Ourcival ◽  
Selwyn Villers ◽  
Jesús Rodríguez‐Calcerrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Throughfall Exclusion

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Measure the Hydraulic Capacitance of a Microfluidic Membrane Pump

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hui Wu ◽  
Chia-Wei Chen ◽  
Long-Sheng Kuo ◽  
Ping-Hei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Membrane Pump ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Center Deflection ◽  
Membrane Deflection ◽  
Good Agreement

A novel approach was proposed to measure the hydraulic capacitance of a microfluidic membrane pump. Membrane deflection equations were modified from various studies to propose six theoretical equations to estimate the hydraulic capacitance of a microfluidic membrane pump. Thus, measuring the center deflection of the membrane allows the corresponding pressure and hydraulic capacitance of the pump to be determined. This study also investigated how membrane thickness affected the Young’s modulus of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. Based on the experimental results, a linear correlation was proposed to estimate the hydraulic capacitance. The measured hydraulic capacitance data and the proposed equations in the linear and nonlinear regions qualitatively exhibited good agreement.

Trade-offs between xylem water and carbohydrate storage among 24 coexisting subtropical understory shrub species spanning a spectrum of isohydry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Jiang ◽  
Frederick C Meinzer ◽  
Xiaoli Fu ◽  
Liang Kou ◽  
Xiaoqin Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drought Adaptation ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance

Abstract Hydraulic capacitance and carbohydrate storage are two drought adaptation strategies of woody angiosperms. However, we currently lack information on their associations and how they are associated with species’ degree of isohydry. We measured total stem xylem nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration in the dry and wet seasons, xylem hydraulic capacitance, native leaf water potentials, pressure–volume curve parameters and photosynthetic performance in 24 woody understory species differing in their degree of isohydry. We found a trade-off between xylem water and carbohydrate storage both in storage capacitance and along a spectrum of isohydry. Species with higher hydraulic capacitance had lower native NSC storage. The less isohydric species tended to show greater NSC depletion in the dry season and have more drought-tolerant leaves. In contrast, the more isohydric species had higher hydraulic capacitance, which may enhance their drought avoidance capacity. In these species, leaf flushing in the wet season and higher photosynthetic rates in the dry season resulted in accumulation rather than depletion of NSC in the dry season. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which xylem storage functions determine co-occurring species’ drought adaptation strategies and improve our capacity to predict community assembly processes under drought.

scholarly journals The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration in a rainfed maize field on the Loess Plateau of China

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhou ◽  
Wenzhao Liu ◽  
Wen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Field Water Balance

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major crop on the Loess Plateau, and calculating the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) of maize is important for estimating field water balance. In this study, the sap flow method was adopted to measure transpiration (T) characteristics of maize. In order to calibrate the sap flow gauge, the sap flow rate was compared to the leaf T determined by the weighing method. The sap flow value was measured per hour for 3 days and the mean of the hourly values for each day was taken as the daily value to avoid the influence of hydraulic capacitance. There was a significant linear relationship between leaf T and sap flow rate. The slope and intercept of linear regression were 0.764 and 4.944, with an R2 of 0.97 (p < 0.01). We also analyzed the T and ET of maize under field conditions. The T/ET of maize was 63.3% from July to September 2012. The T/ET and leaf area index had a good linear relationship. Partitioning of ET into soil evaporation (E) and T may have important implications for analyzing crop water use efficiency, evaluating the crop production potential of precipitation and optimizing field water management.

Analysis of Pneumatic Controllers

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Hind ◽  
W. Dollar
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance

The concept of hydraulic capacitance is applied to pneumatic bellows assemblies. This concept is then used in the analysis of a number of different basic types of pneumatic controllers in common use. Its application allows the effect of the bellows system used for delaying the derivative action, and the effect of bellows movement generally, to be conveniently included in the analyses. Numerical values determined for a particular controller show that the effect of bellows movement can change the transfer function constants by as much as 20 percent.

Why Did the Apparent Hydraulic Conductance of Plants Oscillate for Passioura and Tanner?

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Period Of Oscillation

When using an apparatus to keep constant the position of the meniscus at the end of a cut petiole of phosphorus-deficient plants, Passioura and Tanner [Aust. J. Plant Physiol.12, 455-61 (1985)] observed oscillations in the applied balancing pressure. They ascribed these to oscillations in the hydraulic con- ductance of the plant. Their results are re-examined using an electric analogue, and it is suggested that oscillations resulted from the combination of hydraulic resistance and capacitance in the plant in conjunction with the apparatus they used. Measurement of the hydraulic resistance and of the period of oscillation makes possible an estimate of the hydraulic capacitance of the plant.

Quantification of Elastin Residual Stretch in Fresh Artery Tissue: Impact on Artery Material Properties and Pulmonary Hypertension Pathophysiology

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Lammers ◽  
Phil H. Kao ◽  
Lian Tian ◽  
Kendall Hunter ◽  
H. Jerry Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Hydrodynamic Resistance ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Residual Stretch ◽  
Artery Tissue

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized as a chronic elevation in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) resulting from increased hydrodynamic resistance and decreased hydraulic capacitance of the pulmonary circulatory system. These hemodynamic changes cause the heart to operate outside optimum pump efficiency. The heart compensates for the efficiency loss through ventricular hypertrophy which, if left untreated, will continue until cardiac failure results.

scholarly journals Cavitation: a blessing in disguise? New method to establish vulnerability curves and assess hydraulic capacitance of woody tissues

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Vergeynst ◽  
M. Dierick ◽  
J. A. N. Bogaerts ◽  
V. Cnudde ◽  
K. Steppe
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Woody Tissues
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