scholarly journals Early childhood weight gain: Latent patterns and body composition outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Norris ◽  
Liina Mansukoski ◽  
Mark S. Gilthorpe ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Weight

scholarly journals Associations of Pre-Pregnancy BMI, Gestational Weight Gain and Maternal Parity with the Trajectory of Weight in Early Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Sha ◽  
Xiao Gao ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Qiong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Childhood Weight ◽  
Maternal Parity ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: The association of maternal parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with childhood weight status has been well studied; however, little is known about these factors with respect to the rate of weight changes in early childhood. Methods: This study was based on a prospective longitudinal study. The follow-up surveys were conducted at the ages of 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, and 18 months. Child weight was investigated twice at each wave. Data on maternal parity, pre-pregnancy weight and height were collected at baseline. The latent growth curve model was used to examine the effects of interested predictors on the trajectory of weight in early childhood. Results: Finally, 893 eligible mother-child pairs were drawn from the cohort. In adjusted models, multiparas were associated with higher birth weight (β = 0.103) and slower weight change rate of children (β = −0.028). Pre-conception BMI (β = 0.034) and GWG (β = 0.014) played important roles in the initial status of child weight but did not have effects on the rate of weight changes of the child. Conclusions: Multiparous pregnancy is associated with both higher mean birth weight and slower weight-growth velocity in early childhood, while pregravid maternal BMI and GWG are only related to the birth weight.

scholarly journals Associations between birth weight, early childhood weight gain and adult lung function

Thorax ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Hancox ◽  
R Poulton ◽  
J M Greene ◽  
C R McLachlan ◽  
M S Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Adult Lung ◽  
Childhood Weight

Catch-up growth and metabolic outcomes in adolescents born preterm

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas D Embleton ◽  
Murthy Korada ◽  
Claire L Wood ◽  
Mark S Pearce ◽  
Ravi Swamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Weight ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Infant Weight Gain

BackgroundAccelerated infant weight gain in individuals born full term is linked to cardiovascular risk in adulthood, but data in those born preterm are inconsistent.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between weight gain in infancy and childhood with later markers of the metabolic syndrome in adolescents who were born preterm.Study designLongitudinal cohort study.SettingChildren born preterm with regular assessments of infant growth had auxology, body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry), blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile determined in adolescence.ResultsWe reviewed 153 children (mean gestation 30.8 weeks, median birth weight 1365 g) of whom 102 consented to venepuncture at a median age of 11.5 years. Adolescent height and weight standard deviation scores (SDS) were similar to population averages (0.01±0.92 and 0.3±1.2, respectively) and did not differ between infants when grouped according to degree of catch-up in weight gain in the immediate postdischarge period to 12 weeks of age. There were no significant associations between infant weight gain (change in weight SDS adjusted for length) and later metabolic outcome. However, there were strong associations between more rapid childhood weight gain (after 1 year of age) and subsequent body composition (higher fat mass %, fat mass index and waist circumference) and metabolic markers (higher fasting insulin, blood pressure and lower insulin sensitivity).ConclusionsThe association of rapid weight gain on health is time critical in those born preterm; in early infancy, this does not impact on metabolic status in adolescence, in contrast to rapid weight gain in childhood, which should be discouraged. However, given the critical importance of brain growth in the neonatal period and infancy, further research is needed before strategies that discourage infant weight gain or catch-up can be recommended for infants born preterm.

scholarly journals Pre- and post-natal maternal anxiety and early childhood weight gain

2019 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutoshi Nawa ◽  
Maureen M. Black ◽  
Ricardo Araya ◽  
Lorenzo Richiardi ◽  
Pamela J. Surkan
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Weight

scholarly journals Gestational weight gain, birthweight and early-childhood obesity: between- and within-family comparisons

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1682-1690
Author(s):  
Sylvia E Badon ◽  
Charles P Quesenberry ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Lyndsay A Avalos ◽  
Monique M Hedderson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Childhood Weight ◽  
Familial Environment ◽  
Iom Recommendations

Abstract Background Associations of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) with greater birthweight and childhood obesity may be confounded by shared familial environment or genetics. Sibling comparisons can minimize variation in these confounders because siblings grow up in similar environments and share the same genetic predisposition for weight gain. Methods We identified 96 289 women with live births in 2008–2014 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Fifteen percent of women (N = 14 417) had at least two births during the study period for sibling analyses. We assessed associations of GWG according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations with birthweight and obesity at age 3 years, using conventional analyses comparing outcomes between mothers and sibling analyses comparing outcomes within mothers, which control for stable within-family unmeasured confounders such as familial environment and genetics. We used generalized estimating-equations and fixed-effects models. Results In conventional analyses, GWG above the IOM recommendations was associated with 88% greater odds of large-for-gestational age birthweight [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.80, 1.97] and 30% greater odds of obesity at 3 years old (95% CI: 1.24, 1.37) compared with GWG within the IOM recommendations. In sibling analyses, GWG above the IOM recommendations was also associated with greater odds of large-for-gestational age [odds ratio (OR): 1.36; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.54], but was not associated with obesity at 3 years old (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.15). Conclusions GWG likely has a direct impact on birthweight; however, shared environmental and lifestyle factors within families may play a larger role in determining early-childhood weight status and obesity risk than GWG.

Relationship between early growth and CVD risk factors in adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Musa ◽  
J. Kagura ◽  
P. T. Pisa ◽  
S. A. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Increased Risk

Low birth weight and a rapid weight gain in early childhood may lead to an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease later in life, such as hypertension and dyslipidaemia. In this study, we examined the associations between size at birth, relative weight gain in infancy and childhood with specific cardiovascular disease risk factors in early adulthood. Adolescents (n=1935) from the Birth to Twenty plus (BT20+) cohort were included in the analysis. The following were treated as exposure variables: weight at birth, and relative conditional weight gain (CW), independent of height, between ages 0–24 months and 24–48 months. Outcomes were serum lipids and body composition variables at age 18 years. After adjusting for sex and other confounders, early life exposures were not associated with adolescent lipid profile. Following adjustment for sex and height (body size), birth weight [β=0.704 (0.40, 1.01)], CW 0–24 [β=1.918 (1.56, 2.28)] and CW24–48 [β=1.485 (1.14, 1.82)] accounted for 48% of the variance in fat mass. However, birth weight [β=0.773 (0.54, 1.01)], CW 0–24 [β=1.523 (1.24, 1.80)] and CW24–48 [β=1.226 (0.97, 1.49)] were also positively predicted and accounted for 71% of the variance in fat mass in adolescence (P<0.05). Our data suggests that birth weight and weight gain during infancy and early childhood independent of linear growth are related to adolescent body composition but not blood lipid profiles in an urban African population.

scholarly journals Weight in Infancy and Obesity in Children Born Preterm

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Tetiana Litvinchuk ◽  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
Christopher T Sheehan ◽  
Tetyana L Vasylyeva
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Childhood Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Early Weight Gain ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

Excessive weight gain in infancy may lead to obesity and its sequelae later in life. Children born preterm have higher associated risk of becoming obese than full term babies. The goal of the study was to examine early weight gain among preterm infants, who later in life became obese. In a retrospective chart review of 37 preterm infants, 27 grew to support a normal weight and 10 became obese. We demonstrated differences in early childhood weight gain dynamics with weight differences between groups noted at 6 months of age that persisted later in life. Increased risk of obesity could be identified very early in infancy among preterm children. Early nutritional consult and attention to weight gain in infancy and early childhood are important steps in obesity prevention.

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