Genetic distribution of the avirulence gene AVRPiz‐t in Thai rice blast isolates and their pathogenicity to the broad‐spectrum resistant rice variety Toride 1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanakorn Srirat ◽  
Thanyaluk Sirisathaworn ◽  
Katanyutita Damchuay ◽  
Apinya Longya ◽  
Wattanaporn Teerasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Genetic Distribution

scholarly journals Dissection of broad-spectrum resistance of the Thai rice variety Jao Hom Nin conferred by two resistance genes against rice blast

Rice ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaivarakun Chaipanya ◽  
Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria ◽  
Berlaine Quime ◽  
Apinya Longya ◽  
Siripar Korinsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

scholarly journals Level of Endogenous Jasmonate is Critical for Durable Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance Against Rice Blast in a Japonica Rice Variety, Ziyu44

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu An ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jinlu Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Qianchun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

Abstract Background: The molecular mechanism of durable and broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast disease in japonica rice variety is still very little known. Ziyu44, a local japonica rice variety in Yunnan Province of China, has shown durable broad-spectrum blast resistance for more than 30 years, and provides an opportunity for us to explore the molecular basis of broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in japonica rice variety.Methods and Results: We conducted a comparative study of mycelium growth, aposporium formation, the accumulation of salicylate(SA), jasmonate(JA) and H2O2, the expression of SA- and JA-associated genes between Ziyu44 and susceptible variety Jiangnanxiangnuo (JNXN) upon M. oryzae infection. We found that appressorium formation and invasive hyphae extention were greatly inhibited in Ziyu 44 leaves compared with that in JNXN leaves. Both Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants maintained high levels of baseline SA and did not show increased accumulation of SA after inoculation with M. oryzae, while the levels of baseline JA in Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants were relatively low, and the accumulation of JA exhibited markedly increased in Ziyu 44 plants upon M. oryzae infection. The expression levels of key genes involving JA and SA signaling pathway OsCOI1b, OsNPR1, OsMPK6 as well as pathogenesis-related (PR) genes OsPR1a, OsPR1b and OsPBZ1, were markedly up-regulated in Ziyu44. Conclusions: The level of endogenous JA is critical for synchronous activation of SA and JA signaling pathway, up-regulating PR gene expression and enhancing disease resistance against rice blast in Ziyu44.

Efficacy of Different Level of Systemic Fungicides on Management of Rice Blast at Baitadi, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Ashok Acharya ◽  
Prabin Ghimire ◽  
Dhurba Raj Joshi ◽  
Kishor Shrestha ◽  
Govinda Sijapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Systemic Fungicide ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Systemic Fungicides ◽  
Different Levels

Rice blast (Pyriculariaoryzae Cavara) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting the rice crop in across the world. Systemic fungicides are used for the suppression of blast diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Propiconazole and Carbendazim are commercial chemical control products available in markets for the control of the fungal pathogen. An experiment was conducted to examine the effectiveness of systemic fungicide on suppression of rice blast incidence in farmers' field during wet seasons in 2016. The treatments consisted of the use of different levels of propiconazole and Carbendazim on ‘Rato Basmati’ a landrace rice variety. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The disease was scored according to the standard scale developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Disease severity and Area under Disease Progressive curve (AUDPC) was computed based on that scale score. Propiconazole and Carbendazim at different levels reduce disease development than no treatment (control). But its efficacy was not consistent. The magnitude of disease suppression by Propiconazole was high as compared to Carbendazim. The application of propiconazole at the rate of 1.5 ml effectively reduced disease severity and AUDPC at different dates. So propiconazole at the rate of 1.5 ml thrice at weekly intervals is effective to reduce the disease development

Dynamics of the rice blast fungal population in the field after deployment of an improved rice variety containing known resistance genes

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Wang ◽  
Jing Su ◽  
Kailing Chen ◽  
Jianyuan Yang ◽  
Shen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Field Population ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Line Field ◽  
Isogenic Lines

Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide. Management through the deployment of host resistance genes would be facilitated by understanding the dynamics of the pathogen’s population in the field. Here, to investigate the mechanism underlying the breakdown of disease resistance, we conducted a six-year field experiment to monitor the evolution of M. oryzae populations in Qujiang from Guangdong. The new variety of XYZ carrying R genes Pi50 and Pib was developed using the susceptible elite variety, MBYZ, as the recurrent line. Field trails of disease resistance assessment revealed that the disease indices of XYZ in 2012, 2013, 2016, and 2017 were 0.19, 0.39, 0.70, and 0.90, respectively, indicating that XYZ displayed a very rapid increase of disease severity in the field. To investigate the mechanism underlying the quick erosion of resistance of XYZ, we collected isolates from both XYZ and MBYZ for pathogenicity test against 6 different isogenic lines. The isolates collected from XYZ showed a similar virulence spectrum across 4 different years whereas those from MBYZ showed increasing virulence to the Pi50 and Pib isogenic lines from 2012 to 2017. Molecular analysis of AvrPib in the isolates from MBYZ identified four different AvrPib haplotypes, i.e., AvrPib-AP1-1, AvrPib-AP1-2, avrPib-AP2, and avrPib-AP3, verified by sequencing. AvrPib-AP1-1 and AvrPib-AP1-2 are avirulent to Pib whereas avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3 are virulent. Insertions of a Pot3 and an Mg-SINE were identified in avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3, respectively. Two major lineages based on rep-PCR analysis were further deduced in the field population, implying that the field population is composed of genetically related isolates. Our data suggest that clonal propagation and quick dominancy of virulent isolates against the previously resistant variety could be the major genetic events contributing to the loss of varietal resistance against rice blast in the field.

scholarly journals Recent advances in broad-spectrum resistance to the rice blast disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weitao Li ◽  
Mawsheng Chern ◽  
Junjie Yin ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xuewei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

A Telomeric Avirulence Gene Determines Efficacy for the Rice Blast Resistance Gene Pi-ta

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc J. Orbach ◽  
Leonard Farrall ◽  
James A. Sweigard ◽  
Forrest G. Chumley ◽  
Barbara Valent
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Rice Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance Gene

scholarly journals Identification of blast resistance QTLs based on two advanced backcross populations in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichao Jiang ◽  
Yutao Feng ◽  
Lei Qiu ◽  
Guanjun Gao ◽  
Qinglu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
Minor Qtls ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Observation Times

Abstract Background: Rice blast is an economically important and mutable disease of rice. Using host resistance gene to breed resistant varieties has been proven to be the most effective and economical method to control rice blast and new resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are then needed. Results: In this study, we constructed two advanced backcross population to mapping blast resistance QTLs. CR071 and QingGuAi were as the donor parent to establish two BC 3 F 1 and derived BC 3 F 2 backcross populations in the Jin23B background. By challenging the two populations with natural infection in 2011 and 2012, 16 and 13 blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi population, respectively. Among Jin23B/CR071 population, 3 major and 13 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 3.50% to 34.08% during six observation times. And, among Jin23B/QingGuAi population, 2 major and 11 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 2.42% to 28.95% during six observation times. Conclusions: Sixteen and thirteen blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi population, respectively. QTL effect analyses suggested that major and minor QTLs interaction is the genetic basis for durable blast resistance in rice variety CR071 and QingGuAi.

A rice gene that confers broad-spectrum resistance to β-triketone herbicides

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6451) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Maeda ◽  
Kazumasa Murata ◽  
Nozomi Sakuma ◽  
Satomi Takei ◽  
Akihiko Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Gene ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance ◽  
Varietal Improvement ◽  
Triketone Herbicides

The genetic variation of rice cultivars provides a resource for further varietal improvement through breeding. Some rice varieties are sensitive to benzobicyclon (BBC), a β-triketone herbicide that inhibits 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). Here we identify a rice gene, HIS1 (HPPD INHIBITOR SENSITIVE 1), that confers resistance to BBC and other β-triketone herbicides. We show that HIS1 encodes an Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate–dependent oxygenase that detoxifies β-triketone herbicides by catalyzing their hydroxylation. Genealogy analysis revealed that BBC-sensitive rice variants inherited a dysfunctional his1 allele from an indica rice variety. Forced expression of HIS1 in Arabidopsis conferred resistance not only to BBC but also to four additional β-triketone herbicides. HIS1 may prove useful for breeding herbicide-resistant crops.

scholarly journals Pi64, Encoding a Novel CC-NBS-LRR Protein, Confers Resistance to Leaf and Neck Blast in Rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ma ◽  
Cailin Lei ◽  
Xingtao Xu ◽  
Kun Hao ◽  
Jiulin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Repeat Proteins ◽  
Neck Blast ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lrr Protein

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae poses a major threat to rice production worldwide. The utilization of host resistance (R) genes is considered to be the most effective and economic means to control rice blast. Here, we show that the japonica landrace Yangmaogu (YMG) displays a broader spectrum of resistance to blast isolates than other previously reported broad-spectrum resistant (BSR) cultivars. Genetic analysis suggested that YMG contains at least three major R genes. One gene, Pi64, which exhibits resistance to indica-sourced isolate CH43 and several other isolates, was mapped to a 43-kb interval on chromosome 1 of YMG. Two open reading frames (NBS-1 and NBS-2) encoding nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat proteins were short-listed as candidate genes for Pi64. Constructs containing each candidate gene were transformed into three susceptible japonica cultivars. Only transformants with NBS-2 conferred resistance to leaf and neck blast, validating the idea that NBS-2 represents the functional Pi64 gene. Pi64 is constitutively expressed at all development stages and in all tissues examined. Pi64 protein is localized in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, introgression of Pi64 into susceptible cultivars via gene transformation and marker-assisted selection conferred high-level and broad-spectrum leaf and neck blast resistance to indica-sourced isolates, demonstrating its potential utility in breeding BSR rice cultivars.

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