scholarly journals Influence of light on the Monilinia laxa – stone fruit interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-335
Author(s):  
Silvia Rodríguez‐Pires ◽  
Marina Garcia‐Companys ◽  
Eduardo A. Espeso ◽  
Paloma Melgarejo ◽  
Antonieta Cal
Keyword(s):  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Laxa

Genetic diversity in Monilinia laxa populations in stone fruit species in Hungary

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1879-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónika Fazekas ◽  
Anett Madar ◽  
Matthias Sipiczki ◽  
Ida Miklós ◽  
Imre J. Holb
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Fruit Species

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1381-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Baró‐Montel ◽  
N. Vall‐llaura ◽  
J. Usall ◽  
N. Teixidó ◽  
M. A. Naranjo‐Ortíz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Pectin Methyl Esterases

scholarly journals Monilinia spp. Causing Brown Rot of Stone Fruit in Serbia

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Hrustić ◽  
Goran Delibašić ◽  
Ivana Stanković ◽  
Mila Grahovac ◽  
Branka Krstić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
First Time

Brown rot is one of the most important pre- and postharvest fungal diseases of stone fruit worldwide. In Serbia, where production of stone fruit is economically important, Monilinia laxa and M. fructigena are widely distributed. In surveys from 2011 to 2013, 288 isolates of Monilinia spp. were collected from 131 localities in 16 districts and from six hosts in Serbia. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, phylogenetic analysis, and morphological characterization, three species of Monilinia were identified as the causal agents of brown rot of stone fruit: M. laxa (89% of isolates), M. fructigena (3%), and M. fructicola (8%). In 2011, M. fructicola was reported for the first time on stone fruit in Serbia, with only one isolate detected. More isolates of M. fructicola were detected in 2012 (2 isolates) and 2013 (20 isolates). The presence of M. fructicola, as well as its increased frequency of detection during the survey, may indicate a change in the population structure of these pathogens, which could have an important impact on brown rot disease management in Serbia.

scholarly journals First Reports of Brown Fruit Rot on Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) and Plum (P. domestica) and Shoot Blight on Apricot (P. armeniaca), Kwanzan Cherry (P. serrulata), and Sweet Cherry (P. avium) Caused by Monilinia laxa in New York, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1584-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Cox ◽  
S. M. Villani ◽  
J. J. Raes ◽  
J. Freier ◽  
H. Faubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Shoot Blight

In the eastern United States, Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhl.) Honey has only been reported on tart cherry in New York (NY) (1). As a result of considerable rain in May of 2009 and 2011, an ornamental planting of Kwanzan cherries in Middletown, Rhode Island (RI), a planting of sweet cherry cvs. Ulster, Hedelfingen, Sam, and Lapins in Lanesboro, Massachusetts (MA), and plantings of apricot cvs. Harcot and Hargrande in Albion, Aurora, and Geneva, NY, and Harogem in Lanesboro, MA developed severe shoot blight (>15 to 100% of first-year shoots). Blighted shoots were wilted with the blight encompassing the distal end and often extending into second-year tissue with a distinct sunken margin. Leaves on symptomatic shoots had flushed, but were blighted and light brown. Blossom spurs were often blighted and gummosis was frequently observed at the base. In these same years, sweet cherry cv. Black Gold in Walworth, NY and plum cv. Stanley in Olcott, NY developed severe fruit rot (35 to 70% incidence). Plantings suffering from fruit rot had fruit lesions that began as pale brown, soft lesions with indiscriminant margins that covered 15 to 85% of the fruit surface area. Many blighted spurs, shoot tissues, and infected fruit were sporulating with tan-to-buff colored conidia produced in chains. From each planting with shoot blight, shoot tips were removed for pathogen isolation. Sections of symptomatic shoots (5 cm long) were surface sterilized in 0.6% NaOCl for 1 min and rinsed in sterile dH20. From plantings displaying blighted spurs or fruit rot, isolation was attempted directly from sporulating tissue. Cross sections of sterilized shoot tissue (3 mm thick) or tufts of sporulation from fruit and spurs were placed on potato dextrose agar amended with 50 μg/ml of streptomycin sulfate. After incubation at 24°C for 5 days, colonies with lobed margins, commonly described for M. laxa (4), were obtained. Several colonies resembling M. fructicola were isolated from all locations, but the majority of isolates from spurs and shoots resembled M. laxa. Conidia from both colony morphotypes were lemon shaped, but as expected, those from putative M. laxa isolates were smaller (10.75 × 12.0 μm) compared with those from putative M. fructicola isolates (15.75 × 18.25 μm) (4). Confirmation of M. laxa was further achieved by PCR amplification of the β-tubulin gene using M. laxa-specific primers as previously described (3). Pathogenicity of M. laxa isolates was proven by inoculating fruit of the stone fruit crop from which they were isolated as previously described (2). Fruit inoculated with M. laxa developed brown, soft sporulating lesions identical to the original observations, while those inoculated with water remained healthy. M. laxa was reisolated from symptomatic shoots and spurs, but not from water-inoculated tissues. The presence of M. laxa has been reported on tart cherries in NY (1), but to our knowledge, this is the first instance of economically devastating shoot blight on apricot in NY and MA, ornamental cherry in RI, and sweet cherry in MA and fruit rot on sweet cherry and plum in NY caused by M. laxa. In wet seasons, stone fruit growers may need to revise their chemical management programs to better prepare for M. laxa epidemics on several stone fruit species. References: (1) K. D. Cox and S. M. Villani. Plant Dis. 94:783, 2010. (2) K. D. Cox and S. M. Villani. Plant Dis. 95:828, 2011. (3) Z. Ma et al. Pest Manag. Sci. 61:449, 2005. J.M. (4) G. C. M. van Leeuwen and H. A. van Kesteren. Can. J. Bot. 76:2042, 1998.

scholarly journals Environmentally-benign plant protection possibilities against domestic Monilinia spp. in organic apple and stone fruit orchards

2005 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Imre Holb ◽  
Zoltán Szabó ◽  
Gábor Drén ◽  
Sándor Thurzó ◽  
József Racskó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Monilinia Fructigena ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Chemical Materials

In this study, possibilities of environmental-friendly plant protection against domestical brwon rot species were summarized for oecological pome and stone fruit orchards. Symtomps of the two most important brown rot species (Monilinia fructigena (Aderh. & Ruhl.) Honey and Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhl.) Honey) were described and then cultivar susceptibility to brown rot was discussed. Furthermore, mechanical, agrotecnical, biological, and other control possibilities (stone powders, plant extracts and restricted chemical materials) were shown.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Monilinia fructicola and Monilinia laxa on Peach and Nectarine using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 2305-2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Franco Ortega ◽  
Maria del Pilar Bustos López ◽  
Luca Nari ◽  
Neil Boonham ◽  
Maria Lodovica Gullino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Mediterranean Plant ◽  
North And South America

Monilinia laxa and M. fructicola are two causal agents of brown rot, one of the most important diseases in stone fruit. Two species cause blight on blossoms and twigs and brown rot on fruit in pre- and postharvest. Both species are distributed worldwide in North and South America, Australia, and Japan. In Europe, M. laxa is endemic, while M. fructicola was introduced in 2001 and it is now widespread in several countries. Currently, both species coexist in European stone fruit orchards. Monilinia spp. overwinter in cankers and mummified fruit. Mummy monitoring during winter permits growers to understand which species of Monilinia will be prevalent in an orchard during the following season, permitting planning of an appropriate crop protection. Traditionally, the identification has been carried out using morphological features and even with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays that requires time and well-equipped laboratories. In this study, two isothermal-based methods were designed to identify these pathogens in a faster way than using traditional methods. The loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) assays were validated on some isolates of Monilinia spp. coming from the mummy monitoring according to the international European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization standard (PM7/98), taking into account specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, and reproducibility. The sensitivity of both assays was checked by monitoring (at different time points) two nectarine varieties artificially inoculated and stored at two different temperatures. The reliability of both LAMP assays against the quantification of the inoculum was compared with previously published quantitative PCR assays. Both LAMP methods were able to detect a low number of cells. These LAMP methods could be a useful tool for monitoring brown rot causal agents in the field and during postharvest.

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