Molecular evolution of tomato black ring virus and de novo generation of a new type of defective RNAs during long‐term passaging in different hosts

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1767-1776
Author(s):  
Daria Budzyńska ◽  
Julia Minicka ◽  
Beata Hasiów‐Jaroszewska ◽  
Santiago F. Elena
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Black Ring ◽  
Tomato Black Ring Virus ◽  
Defective Rnas ◽  
New Type

Two types of defective RNAs arising from the tomato black ring virus genome

2011 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska ◽  
Natasza Borodynko ◽  
Marek Figlerowicz ◽  
Henryk Pospieszny
Keyword(s):  
Virus Genome ◽  
Black Ring ◽  
Tomato Black Ring Virus ◽  
Defective Rnas

scholarly journals Effect of defective interfering RNAs on the vertical transmission of Tomato black ring virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Henryk Pospieszny ◽  
Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska ◽  
Natasza Borodynko-Filas ◽  
Santiago F. Elena
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Black Ring ◽  
Tomato Black Ring Virus ◽  
Subviral Rnas ◽  
First Time

Viruses are thought to be the ultimate parasites, using host resources for multiplication. Interestingly, many viruses also have their own 'parasites', such as defective interfering RNAs (DI RNAs). One of the plant viruses whose infection can be accompanied by subviral RNAs is the Tomato black ring virus (TBRV). DI RNAs associated with the TBRV genome were generated de novo as a result of prolonged passages in one host. DI RNAs modulate the TBRV accumulation and the severity of the symptoms induced on the infected plants. In this study, we have addressed the question of whether DI RNAs can also affect TBRV vertical transmission through seeds. The experiments were conducted using the TBRV-Pi isolate and Chenopodium quinoa plants. C. quinoa plants were infected with TBRV-Pi with and without DI RNAs. Overall, 4 003 seeds were tested, and the analysis showed that the presence of DI RNAs made the TBRV-Pi seed transmission 44.76% more efficient. Moreover, for the first time, we showed that DI RNAs are being transferred from generation to generation.

Is 3 years adequate for tracking completely occluded coiled aneurysms?

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 758-764
Author(s):  
Eung Koo Yeon ◽  
Young Dae Cho ◽  
Dong Hyun Yoo ◽  
Su Hwan Lee ◽  
Hyun-Seung Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
De Novo Aneurysm ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Annual Risk

OBJECTIVEThe authors conducted a study to ascertain the long-term durability of coiled aneurysms completely occluded at 36 months’ follow-up given the potential for delayed recanalization.METHODSIn this retrospective review, the authors examined 299 patients with 339 aneurysms, all shown to be completely occluded at 36 months on follow-up images obtained between 2011 and 2013. Medical records and radiological data acquired during the extended monitoring period (mean 74.3 ± 22.5 months) were retrieved, and the authors analyzed the incidence of (including mean annual risk) and risk factors for delayed recanalization.RESULTSA total of 5 coiled aneurysms (1.5%) occluded completely at 36 months showed recanalization (0.46% per aneurysm-year) during the long-term surveillance period (1081.9 aneurysm-years), 2 surfacing within 60 months and 3 developing thereafter. Four showed minor recanalization, with only one instance of major recanalization. The latter involved the posterior communicating artery as an apparent de novo lesion, arising at the neck of a firmly coiled sac, and was unrelated to coil compaction or growth. Additional embolization was undertaken. In a multivariate analysis, a second embolization for a recurrent aneurysm (HR = 22.088, p = 0.003) independently correlated with delayed recanalization.CONCLUSIONSAlmost all coiled aneurysms (98.5%) showing complete occlusion at 36 months postembolization proved to be stable during extended observation. However, recurrent aneurysms were predisposed to delayed recanalization. Given the low probability yet seriousness of delayed recanalization and the possibility of de novo aneurysm formation, careful monitoring may be still considered in this setting but at less frequent intervals beyond 36 months.

scholarly journals Identification of Tomato black ring virus from tomato plants grown in greenhouses in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Mohammed Al-Shudifat ◽  
Ibrahim Mohammed Al-Shahwan ◽  
Mohammad Ali Al-Saleh ◽  
Omer Ahmed Abdalla ◽  
Mahmoud Ahmed Amer
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Black Ring ◽  
Tomato Black Ring Virus ◽  
Tomato Plants

scholarly journals Current and New Approaches to Predict the Deflections of One-Way Flexural Members with a Focus on Composite Steel Deck Slabs Voided by Circular Tubes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Chang-Hwan Lee ◽  
Iman Mansouri ◽  
Jaehoon Bae ◽  
Jaeho Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Function ◽  
Flexural Members ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Deck Slabs ◽  
New Type ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
Prediction Approach ◽  
Steel Deck

A new type of composite voided slab, the TUBEDECK (TD), which utilizes the structural function of profiled steel decks, has recently been proposed. Previous studies have confirmed that the flexural strength of TD slabs can be calculated based on the full composite contribution of the steel deck, but for long-span flexural members, the deflection serviceability requirement is often dominant. Herein, we derived a novel deflection prediction approach using the results of flexural tests on slab specimens, focusing on TD slabs. First, deflection prediction based on modifications of the current code was proposed. Results revealed that TD slabs exhibited smaller long-term deflections and at least 10% longer maximum span lengths than solid slabs, indicating their greater efficiency. Second, a novel rational method was derived for predicting deflections without computing the effective moment of inertia. The ultimate deflections predicted by the proposed method correlated closely with the deflection under maximum bending moments. To calculate immediate deflections, variation functions for the concrete strain at the extreme compression fiber and neutral axis depth were assumed with predictions in good agreement with experiments. The proposed procedure has important implications in highlighting a new perspective on the deflection prediction of reinforced concrete and composite flexural members.

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes of fully covered self-expandable metal stents versus plastic stents in chronic pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Yeon Suk Kim ◽  
Eui Joo Kim ◽  
Hee Seung Lee ◽  
Jeong Youp Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Plastic Stents ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Plastic Stent ◽  
Sems Group ◽  
Spontaneous Migration

AbstractChronic pancreatitis (CP) related main pancreatic duct (MPD) stricture has been a challenge for endoscopists. Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FC-SEMS) has been tried in CP patients, but the efficacy and safety are still controversial. Thus, we aim to compare the long-term clinical efficacy of FC-SEMS vs. plastic stent placement in persistent MPD strictures secondary to CP. Between 2007 and 2018, 80 chronic pancreatitis patients (58 males, median age 49 years), who underwent endoscopic placement of FC-SEMS (n = 26) and plastic stent (n = 54) for persistent MPD strictures after at least 3 months of initial single plastic stenting, were retrospectively analyzed during a median follow-up duration of 33.7 months. As a result, MPD stricture resolution rate was statistically higher in FC-SEMS group (87.0% vs. 42.0%, p < 0.001). Although immediate complications occurred similarly (38.5% vs. 37.0%, p = 0.902), spontaneous migration (26.9%) and de novo strictures (23.1%) were pronounced delayed complications in FC-SEMS group. Pain relief during follow-up was significantly higher in FC-SEMS group (76.9% vs. 53.7%, p = 0.046). The total procedure cost was similar in both groups ($1,455.6 vs. $1,596.9, p = 0.486). In comparison with plastic stent, FC-SEMS placement for persistent MPD strictures had favorable long-term clinical efficacy, with its typical complications like spontaneous migration and de novo strictures.

scholarly journals Clinical benefit of glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine in patients with de novo and secondary acute myeloid leukemia: long-term analysis of a phase II randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Heuser ◽  
B. Douglas Smith ◽  
Walter Fiedler ◽  
Mikkael A. Sekeres ◽  
Pau Montesinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Low Dose Cytarabine ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AbstractThis analysis from the phase II BRIGHT AML 1003 trial reports the long-term efficacy and safety of glasdegib + low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. The multicenter, open-label study randomized (2:1) patients to receive glasdegib + LDAC (de novo, n = 38; secondary acute myeloid leukemia, n = 40) or LDAC alone (de novo, n = 18; secondary acute myeloid leukemia, n = 20). At the time of analysis, 90% of patients had died, with the longest follow-up since randomization 36 months. The combination of glasdegib and LDAC conferred superior overall survival (OS) versus LDAC alone; hazard ratio (HR) 0.495; (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.325–0.752); p = 0.0004; median OS was 8.3 versus 4.3 months. Improvement in OS was consistent across cytogenetic risk groups. In a post-hoc subgroup analysis, a survival trend with glasdegib + LDAC was observed in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (HR 0.720; 95% CI 0.395–1.312; p = 0.14; median OS 6.6 vs 4.3 months) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (HR 0.287; 95% CI 0.151–0.548; p < 0.0001; median OS 9.1 vs 4.1 months). The incidence of adverse events in the glasdegib + LDAC arm decreased after 90 days’ therapy: 83.7% versus 98.7% during the first 90 days. Glasdegib + LDAC versus LDAC alone continued to demonstrate superior OS in patients with acute myeloid leukemia; the clinical benefit with glasdegib + LDAC was particularly prominent in patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01546038.

scholarly journals Malpigmentation of Common Sole (Solea solea) during Metamorphosis Is Associated with Differential Synaptic-Related Gene Expression

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2273
Author(s):  
Menelaos Kavouras ◽  
Emmanouil E. Malandrakis ◽  
Ewout Blom ◽  
Kyriaki Tsilika ◽  
Theodoros Danis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Ionic Channels ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
General Term ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Common Sole

In farmed flatfish, such as common sole, color disturbances are common. Dyschromia is a general term that includes the color defects on the blind and ocular sides of the fish. The purpose was to examine the difference in gene expression between normal pigmented and juveniles who present ambicoloration. The analysis was carried out with next-generation sequencing techniques and de novo assembly of the transcriptome. Transcripts that showed significant differences (FDR < 0.05) in the expression between the two groups, were related to those of zebrafish (Danio rerio), functionally identified, and classified into categories of the gene ontology. The results revealed that ambicolorated juveniles exhibit a divergent function, mainly of the central nervous system at the synaptic level, as well as the ionic channels. The close association of chromophore cells with the growth of nerve cells and the nervous system was recorded. The pathway, glutamate binding–activation of AMPA and NMDA receptors–long-term stimulation of postsynaptic potential–LTP (long term potentiation)–plasticity of synapses, appears to be affected. In addition, the development of synapses also seems to be affected by the interaction of the LGI (leucine-rich glioma inactivated) protein family with the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) ones.

Long‐Term Follow‐Up of a Patient with a De Novo p. Arg769Cys Mutation in the ATP1A3 Gene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Chouksey ◽  
Asish Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Sony Mohan ◽  
Srija Inturi ◽  
A.T. Prabhakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Atp1a3 Gene
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