The Heterogeneity Politics of the Welfare State: Changing Population Heterogeneity and Welfare State Policies in High-Income OECD Countries, 1980-2005

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udaya R. Wagle
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
State Policies ◽  
High Income ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
Welfare State Policies

Linking population heterogeneity with poverty

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 47-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udaya R. Wagle
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operational Strategy ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Welfare State Policies

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how population heterogeneity contributes to poverty in 17 high-income Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries during 1980-2005. Design/methodology/approach – The operational strategy involves linking poverty with heterogeneity directly as well as indirectly through welfare state policies as a latent variable in a structural equation framework. Findings – Findings support the widely held poverty-reducing roles of welfare state policies. Ethno-racial and religious diversities are found to positively contribute to welfare state policies and, through them, lower poverty, whereas immigration assumes opposite roles. Research limitations/implications – Data limitations on population and especially ethno-racial and religious heterogeneity caution against definitiveness. Originality/value – The findings are useful in understanding the heterogeneity connection of welfare state policies and poverty.

Welfare State Policies

2020 ◽  
pp. 539-558
Author(s):  
Klaus Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
State Policies ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
Welfare Model ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
Welfare State Policies

Denmark is a welfare state. Arguably, the development of the welfare state over the last 120 years is one of the most striking features of Danish history and society. An indication of Hegel’s famous phrase that ‘the owl of Minerva spreads its wings only with the falling of the dusk’, the crisis of the welfare state in the 1970s sparked an interest in understanding both the welfare state’s historical development as well as the changes that took place in the present. This chapter starts with defining the main characteristics of the Danish welfare state, followed by an outline of its historical development (organized around four historical phases) until the end of the ‘golden age’ in the 1970s. First, the following sections discuss the crisis of the Danish welfare state and the main challenges confronting the Danish welfare model since the 1970s. Second, they offer an overview of the main trends of policy change over the last four decades. Developments over the last 3–4 decades have triggered an ongoing academic and public discussion on the nature of the changes: are these changes taking place within the paradigm of the classic Danish welfare state, or are they leading towards a new paradigm?

The Welfare State: An Affront to Freedom?

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher John Nock
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Classical Liberal ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
Welfare State Policies

AbstractLibertarian writers such as Hayek, Friedman, Hospers and Nozick have insisted that welfare state policies are, per se, inimical to the classical liberal notion of freedom. The purpose of this article is to test the internal coherence of the libertarian attack upon the welfare state. Special attention is given to Friedman's contentions in his Capitalism and Freedom. It is argued that the libertarian attack upon the welfare state is misguided. Indeed, it is suggested that in order to achieve the type of individual liberty that libertarians wish to secure the state must be assigned a positive welfare role.

Manufacturing Responsibility: The Governmentality of Behavioural Power in Social Policies

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rik Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Welfare State Policies

Responsibilisation is commonly associated with a neoliberal transfer of responsibilities from state to social actors. However, it also covers the construction of responsibility where it does not exist yet – where citizens need socialisation to manufacture responsibility so they become economically and socially active, healthy, and productive subjects. This article aims to bring more conceptual clarity in these practices. Based on an analysis of literature on contemporary welfare state policies, three different techniques are discerned: reciprocal governance in welfare state services; training and treatment of vulnerable citizens through support and structure; and choice engineering by working upon the unconscious and psychological triggers underlying decision making. These techniques of behavioural power seek responsibilisation by working upon people's understanding of responsibility as a moral imperative and upon the rational or psychological mechanisms that constitute the choices they make and the attitudes they have.

Polity, Politics, and Policies

2020 ◽  
pp. 683-700
Author(s):  
Peter Munk Christiansen ◽  
Jørgen Elklit ◽  
Peter Nedergaard
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Party System ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Faroe Islands ◽  
Small State ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Flexible Adaptation ◽  
The Welfare State

This final chapter wraps up some of the conclusions and provides some afterthoughts. The Constitution and the Community of the Realm (Denmark, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands) have demonstrated stability over the years and yet allowed for flexible adaptation. The political institutions, such as the Parliament and the administration, are well-functioning although increasing distrust has been a problem, even though trust is now on the rise again. The party system has shown continuity over time in spite of disruptions. The old parties still dominate Parliament as well as minority governments. However, a declining membership base means that parties increasingly lack bottom-up legitimacy. A specific characteristic of Danish politics is the local and regional governmental sectors, which is one of the biggest in the world. The policy section put a critical spotlight on Denmark’s position vis-à-vis the outside world. Since Denmark became a small state in 1864, it has been a story of continuous adaptation to the strongest power of relevance. The welfare state policies include relatively market-accommodating economic, business, and labour market policies, which are necessary in order to fund the welfare state as well as very costly environmental and climate policies.

Are immigrants really attracted to the welfare state? Evidence from OECD countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron L. Jackson ◽  
David L. Ortmeyer ◽  
Michael A. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
The Welfare State
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