Exogenous melatonin‐mediated regulation of K + /Na + transport, H + ‐ATPase activity and enzymatic antioxidative defence operate through endogenous hydrogen sulphide signalling in NaCl‐stressed tomato seedling roots

Plant Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Siddiqui ◽  
M. N. Khan ◽  
S. Mukherjee ◽  
R. A. Basahi ◽  
S. Alamri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Antioxidative Defence ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Seedling Roots

scholarly journals Potential of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolates for control of Fusarium wilt of tomato

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano C. da Silva ◽  
Wagner Bettiol
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Cultivation Substrate

This study was done to evaluate the efficiency of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolates (141/3, 233, 233/1, 245, 245/1, 251, 251/2, 251/5, and 257) in controlling vascular wilt caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, race 2 (isolates C-21A, TO11, and TO245) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cv. Viradoro seedlings. In order to determine the effect of non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates in tomato plants, the root system of 30-day-old seedlings was immersed in conidial suspensions (10(6) ml-1) of each isolate and the seedlings were transplanted to a cultivation substrate. Thirty-five days after transplanting it was observed that the non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates were not pathogenic to the cv. Viradoro nor did they affect seedling development. The efficiency of the non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates in controlling Fusarium wilt was determined by immersing the tomato seedling roots in the conidial suspension (10(6) ml-1) of each isolate and then transplanting them into substrates previously infested with isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, race 2 (10(5) conidia ml-1 of substrate). Evaluations were performed 35 days after transplanting, for severity in scale with 1=healthy plant to 6=dead plant or plant showing vessel browning and wilted leaves up to the leader shoot and seedling height. The non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates were efficient in reducing the severity of the disease and maintaining normal plant development. These results provide evidence of the antagonistic activity of non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates in controlling vascular wilt caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 in tomato.

Effects of 20-HETE on Na+ transport and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the thick ascending loop of Henle

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. R2400-R2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yu ◽  
Bernardo Lopez ◽  
Elisabete A. Dos Santos ◽  
John R. Falck ◽  
Richard J. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Loop Of Henle ◽  
Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid ◽  
Na Transport

Previous studies have indicated that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) inhibits Na+ transport in the medullary thick ascending loop of Henle (mTALH), but the mechanisms involved remain uncertain. The present study compared the effects of 20-HETE with those of ouabain and furosemide on intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i), Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and 86Rb+ uptake, an index of Na+ transport, in mTALH isolated from rats. Ouabain (2 mM) increased, whereas furosemide (100 μM) decreased, [Na+]i in the mTALH of rats. Ouabain and furosemide inhibited 86Rb+ uptake by 91 and 30%, respectively. 20-HETE (1 μM) had a similar effect as ouabain and increased [Na+]i from 19 ± 1 to 30 ± 1 mM. 20-HETE reduced Na+-K+-ATPase activity by 30% and 86Rb+ uptake by 37%, but it had no effect on 86Rb+ uptake or [Na+]i in the mTALH of rats pretreated with ouabain. 20-HETE inhibited 86Rb+ uptake by 12% and increased [Na+]i by 19 mM in mTALH pretreated with furosemide. These findings indicate that 20-HETE secondarily inhibits Na+ transport in the mTALH of the rat, at least, in part by inhibiting the Na+-K+-ATPase activity and raising [Na+]i.

FK-506 and rapamycin but not cyclosporin inhibit aldosterone-stimulated sodium transport in A6 cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. C194-C202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Rokaw ◽  
M. E. West ◽  
P. M. Palevsky ◽  
J. P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Drug Binding ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Fk 506 ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
A6 Cells

The immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CyA), FK-506, and rapamycin (RAP) have multiple actions on target cells that appear to be mediated by interaction of drug-binding protein complexes. Both FK-506 and CyA, but not RAP, inhibit the Ca2(+)-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, and in so doing have been found to inhibit Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in various nephron segments. Of interest, FK-506 and RAP, but not CyA, are bound by the steroid receptor-associated FK-506-binding heat shock protein of 56 kDa, HSP56. To determine the physiological effect of this interaction on a steroid-mediated phenomenon, the effect of these agents on steroid-mediated Na+ transport in A6 cells was investigated. Aldosterone stimulation of Na+ transport and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity are significantly inhibited by prolonged incubation with FK-506 and RAP. Although CyA inhibits basal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity, it has no effect on aldosterone-induced Na+ transport or the aldosterone-induced increase in Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity. FK-506 inhibits the aldosterone-induced synthesis of G alpha i-3 protein but has no effect on glucocorticoid receptor number as quantified by Western blotting. The results suggest that FK-506 and RAP inhibit steroid-mediated Na+ transport at some pretranslational site. The common interaction of these agents with the steroid receptor-associated HSP56 might account for these findings.

scholarly journals Exogenous Potassium (K+) Positively Regulates Na+/H+ Antiport System, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and Ascorbate–Glutathione Cycle in H2S-Dependent Manner in NaCl-Stressed Tomato Seedling Roots

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 948
Author(s):  
M. Nasir Khan ◽  
Soumya Mukherjee ◽  
Asma A. Al-Huqail ◽  
Riyadh A. Basahi ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Glutathione Cycle

Potassium (K+) is one of the vital macronutrients required by plants for proper growth and blossoming harvest. In addition, K+ also plays a decisive role in promoting tolerance to various stresses. Under stressful conditions, plants deploy their defense system through various signaling molecules, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The present investigation was carried out to unravel the role of K+ and H2S in plants under NaCl stress. The results of the study show that NaCl stress caused a reduction in K+ and an increase in Na+ content in the tomato seedling roots which coincided with a lower H+-ATPase activity and K+/Na+ ratio. However, application of 5 mM K+, in association with endogenous H2S, positively regulated the Na+/H+ antiport system that accelerated K+ influx and Na+ efflux, resulting in the maintenance of a higher K+/Na+ ratio. The role of K+ and H2S in the regulation of the Na+/H+ antiport system was validated by applying sodium orthovanadate (plasma membrane H+-ATPase inhibitor), tetraethylammonium chloride (K+ channel blocker), amiloride (Na+/H+ antiporter inhibitor), and hypotaurine (HT, H2S scavenger). Application of 5 mM K+ positively regulated the ascorbate–glutathione cycle and activity of antioxidant enzymes that resulted in a reduction in reactive oxygen species generation and associated damage. Under NaCl stress, K+ also activated carbohydrate metabolism and proline accumulation that caused improvement in osmotic tolerance and enhanced the hydration level of the stressed seedlings. However, inclusion of the H2S scavenger HT reversed the effect of K+, suggesting H2S-dependent functioning of K+ under NaCl stress. Therefore, the present findings report that K+, in association with H2S, alleviates NaCl-induced impairments by regulating the Na+/H+ antiport system, carbohydrate metabolism, and antioxidative defense system.

scholarly journals The gasotransmitter hydrogen sulphide decreases Na + transport across lung epithelial cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Althaus ◽  
Kevin Douglas Urness ◽  
Wolfgang Clauss ◽  
Deborah L Baines ◽  
Martin Fronius
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Lung Epithelial

scholarly journals Effects of DA-6 on Phosphorus and Potassium Uptakes of Tomato Seedlings under Cadmium Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Shiyao Shan ◽  
Wanjia Tang ◽  
Xuemei Peng ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

In order to study the effect of foliar DA-6 on the phosphorus and potassium content of tomato seedlings under cadmium stress, the pot experiment was used to cultivate ‘Zhongza 9’ tomato in 50 μmol/L CdCl2•2.5H2O nutrient solution. The effects of DA-6 at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L) on the phosphorus and potassium uptakes of tomato seedlings under cadmium stress were studied. The results showed that when the DA-6 concentration was 20 mg/L, the phosphorus content in the root and stem of tomato seedlings increased significantly, which were 41.5% and 12.8% higher than the control. In all treatments, when the DA-6 concentration was 10 mg/L, the potassium content of tomato seedling roots, stems and shoots increased significantly, which were 25.4%, 10.0%, and 5.8% higher than the control. In summary, the low-concentration DA-6 treatment had a certain effect on increasing the phosphorus and potassium content of tomato, and there were differences in the optimal concentration of phosphorus and potassium content.

Mechanisms of H+ injury in rabbit esophageal epithelium

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. G718-G724 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Orlando ◽  
J. C. Bryson ◽  
D. W. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cell Volume Regulation ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium

We previously postulated that active Na transport by the esophageal stratified squamous epithelium is important for maintenance of its barrier function. To investigate this further we studied the effects of HCl on the in vivo esophageal potential difference (PD), on in vitro Na transport, and on esophageal Na-K-ATPase activity. In vivo esophageal perfusion with low concentrations of HCl (20 or 40 mM) increased the PD and a high concentration (120 mM) decreased it. An intermediate concentration (80 mM) caused a biphasic response with an initial increase in PD followed by a progressive decrease in PD. In vitro transport studies were performed to explain the increased in vivo PD. In the presence of luminal H+ the increased PD resulted from H+ diffusion from lumen to blood, whereas after H+ exposure the increased PD was due largely to increased net Na transport from lumen to blood through an amiloride-sensitive mechanism. In tissues with prolonged exposure to 80 mM HCl (PD decreased 80-100%), Na-K-ATPase activity was significantly inhibited (1.94 +/- 0.32 vs. 5.12 +/- 0.73 mumol P X mg prot-1 X h-1). Thus, HCl initially increases the in vivo esophageal PD by H+ transport from lumen to blood, a process replaced by stimulated net Na transport when H+ is replaced by Na. Prolonged acid exposure ultimately decreases Na exit from cells by inhibiting Na-K-ATPase activity. This sequence suggests that alterations in Na transport could result in cell edema and necrosis via loss of cell volume regulation.

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