scholarly journals Female advantage in gynodioecious plants: A meta‐analysis focused on seed quality

Plant Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Varga
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Female Advantage

scholarly journals Meta-GWAS for quantitative trait loci identification in soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnathon M Shook ◽  
Jiaoping Zhang ◽  
Sarah E Jones ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
Brian W Diers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Robust Detection

Abstract We report a meta-Genome Wide Association Study involving 73 published studies in soybean (Glycine max L. [Merr.]) covering 17,556 unique accessions, with improved statistical power for robust detection of loci associated with a broad range of traits. De novo GWAS and meta-analysis were conducted for composition traits including fatty acid and amino acid composition traits, disease resistance traits, and agronomic traits including seed yield, plant height, stem lodging, seed weight, seed mottling, seed quality, flowering timing, and pod shattering. To examine differences in detectability and test statistical power between single- and multi-environment GWAS, comparison of meta-GWAS results to those from the constituent experiments were performed. Using meta-GWAS analysis and the analysis of individual studies, we report 483 peaks at 393 unique loci. Using stringent criteria to detect significant marker trait associations, 59 candidate genes were identified, including 17 agronomic traits loci, 19 for seed related traits, and 33 for disease reaction traits. This study identified potentially valuable candidate genes that affect multiple traits. The success in narrowing down the genomic region for some loci through overlapping mapping results of multiple studies is a promising avenue for community-based studies and plant breeding applications.

Meta-analysis of QTLs controlling seed quality traits based on QTL alignment in Brassica napus

2022 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 114307
Author(s):  
Sayedehsaba Bilgrami ◽  
Liezhao Liu ◽  
Sara Farokhzadeh ◽  
Ahmad Sobhani Najafabadi ◽  
Hadi Darzi Ramandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Seed Quality Traits

scholarly journals Pedigree-based genetic dissection of quantitative loci for seed quality and yield characters in improved soybean

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxuan Huang ◽  
Jingjing Hou ◽  
Quan Hu ◽  
Jie An ◽  
Yanwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Breeding Goal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Qtls Mapping

AbstractAs soybean plays an indispensable role in the supply of vegetable oil and protein, balancing the relationship between seed quality and yield traits according to human demand has become an important breeding goal for soybean improvement. Here, 256 intraspecific recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a cross between Qi Huang No.34 (QH34) and Ji Dou No.17 (JD17), were used for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping with remarkable four chemical and physical properties with a purpose for exploring the distribution of excellent alleles in germplasm resources in China. A total of 25 QTLs were detected, of which 10 QTLs inherited the alleles from the parent QH34. Pedigree research on favorable alleles on these QTLs showed the process of excellent alleles pyramided into QH34. Meta-analysis of the 25 QTLs by comparing with existed QTLs in previous study identified 17 novel QTLs. QTLs with pleiotropic effects have been detected. Furthermore, three representative elite recombinant inbred lines in different locations that have great potential in soybean breeding were selected, and finally, four seed weight-related candidate genes were identified. The discovery of these QTLs provides a new guidance for combining the diversity and rarity of germplasm resources, which can effectively increase population genetic diversity and broaden genetic basis of varieties.

Gender differences in inhibitory control as assessed on simple delay tasks in early childhood: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542110203
Author(s):  
Irwin W. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Parental Socialization ◽  
Female Advantage ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
The Individual

Bjorklund and Kipp (1996) hypothesized that due to selection processes operative during human evolution, females have an inborn advantage over males in the ability to suppress inappropriate responses on tasks in the behavioral and social domains. To test this hypothesis, a meta-analysis was conducted on gender differences on simple delay tasks in which the participant is required to wait for a “go” signal before making an approach response to an enticing stimulus. The meta-analysis was performed on 113 effect sizes derived from 102 studies of 21,378 children who ranged in age from 1 year to 9 years and who lived in at least 15 countries. As hypothesized, girls exceeded boys in delay ability, with the gender differences being small in magnitude (Hedges’ g = .25–.26). The female advantage in delay ability held for both U.S. and non-U.S. samples of children. Further analyses found that girls outperformed boys on each of four simple delay tasks. Although the magnitude of the gender difference on the individual simple delay tasks did not differ as a function of age, the age ranges covered were narrow. Discussion focuses on two issues: (a) whether gender differences in delay ability can be explained by a factor other than inhibitory control and (b) whether parental socialization processes can explain the gender differences in delay ability. The evidence reviewed does not provide substantial support for either of these possibilities.

scholarly journals Boys are more likely to be undernourished than girls: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in undernutrition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
susan Thurstans ◽  
Charles Opondo ◽  
Andrew Seal ◽  
Jonathan Wells ◽  
Tanya Khara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Female Advantage ◽  
Social Causes ◽  
Global Nutrition ◽  
Children Under 5

Background Excess male morbidity and mortality is well recognised in neonatal medicine and infant health. In contrast, within global nutrition, it is commonly assumed that girls are more at-risk of experiencing undernutrition. We aimed to explore evidence for any male/female differences in child undernutrition using anthropometric case definitions and the reasons for differences observed. Methods We searched: Medline, Embase, Global health, Popline and Cochrane databases with no time limits applied. Eligible studies focused on children aged 0-59 months affected by undernutrition where sex was reported. In the meta-analysis, undernutrition-specific estimates were examined separately for wasting, stunting and underweight using a random effects model. Results 76 studies were identified: 46/76 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In 20 which examined wasting, boys had higher odds of being wasted than girls (pooled OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.40). 39 examined stunting: boys had higher odds of stunting than girls (pooled OR 1.31 95% CI 1.24-1.39). 25 explored underweight: boys had higher odds of being underweight than girls (pooled OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07-1.32). There was some limited evidence that the female advantage indicating lower risk of stunting and underweight was weaker in South Asia than other parts of the world. 44/76 (58%) of studies discussed possible reasons for boy/girl differences; 11/76 (14%) cited studies with similar findings with no further discussion; 21/76 (28%) had no sex difference discussion. 6/44 studies (14%) postulated biological causes, 21/44 (48%) social causes and 17/44 (38%) to a combination. Conclusion Our review indicates that undernutrition in children under 5 is more likely to affect boys than girls, though the magnitude of these differences varies and is more pronounced in some contexts than others.

scholarly journals Boys are more likely to be undernourished than girls: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in undernutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e004030
Author(s):  
Susan Thurstans ◽  
Charles Opondo ◽  
Andrew Seal ◽  
Jonathan Wells ◽  
Tanya Khara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Female Advantage ◽  
Social Causes ◽  
Global Nutrition ◽  
Children Under 5

BackgroundExcess male morbidity and mortality is well recognised in neonatal medicine and infant health. In contrast, within global nutrition, it is commonly assumed that girls are more at risk of experiencing undernutrition. We aimed to explore evidence for any male/female differences in child undernutrition using anthropometric case definitions and the reasons for differences observed.MethodsWe searched: Medline, Embase, Global health, Popline and Cochrane databases with no time limits applied. Eligible studies focused on children aged 0–59 months affected by undernutrition where sex was reported. In the meta-analysis, undernutrition-specific estimates were examined separately for wasting, stunting and underweight using a random-effects model.Results74 studies were identified: 44/74 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In 20 which examined wasting, boys had higher odds of being wasted than girls (pooled OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.40). 38 examined stunting: boys had higher odds of stunting than girls (pooled OR 1.29 95% CI 1.22 to 1.37). 23 explored underweight: boys had higher odds of being underweight than girls (pooled OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.26). There was some limited evidence that the female advantage, indicated by a lower risk of stunting and underweight, was weaker in South Asia than other parts of the world. 43/74 (58%) studies discussed possible reasons for boy/girl differences; 10/74 (14%) cited studies with similar findings with no further discussion; 21/74 (28%) had no sex difference discussion. 6/43 studies (14%) postulated biological causes, 21/43 (49%) social causes and 16/43 (37%) to a combination.ConclusionOur review indicates that undernutrition in children under 5 is more likely to affect boys than girls, though the magnitude of these differences varies and is more pronounced in some contexts than others. Future research should further explore reasons for these differences and implications for nutrition policy and practice.

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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