scholarly journals Maternal control of early life history traits affects overwinter survival and seedling phenotypes in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)

Plant Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hernández ◽  
R. B. Vercellino ◽  
I. Fanna ◽  
A. Presotto
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Maternal Control ◽  
Overwinter Survival ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

scholarly journals Maternal control of early life history traits affects overwinter survival and seedling phenotypes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Hernández ◽  
Roman B. Vercellino ◽  
Ignacio Fanna ◽  
Alejandro Presotto
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Overwinter Survival ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Controlled Conditions

ABSTRACTWhen cultivated and wild plants hybridize, hybrids often show intermediate phenotypic traits relative to their parents, which make them unfit in natural environments. However, maternal genetic effects may affect the outcome of hybridization by controlling the expression of the earliest life history traits. Here, using wild, cultivated, and reciprocal crop-wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids, we evaluated the maternal effects on emergence timing and seedling establishment in the field, and on seedling traits under controlled conditions. In the field, we evaluated reciprocal crop-wild hybrids between two wild populations with contrasting dormancy (the high dormant BAR and the low dormant DIA) and one cultivar (CROP) with low dormancy. Under controlled conditions, we evaluated reciprocal crop-wild hybrids between two wild populations (BAR and RCU) and one CROP under three contrasting temperature treatments. In the field, BAR overwintered as dormant seeds whereas DIA and CROP showed high autumn emergence (∼50% of planted seeds), resulting in differential overwinter survival and seedling establishment in the spring. Reciprocal crop-wild hybrids resembled their female parents in emergence timing and success of seedling establishment. Under controlled conditions, we observed large maternal effects on most seedling traits across temperatures. Cotyledon size explained most of the variation in seedling traits, suggesting that the maternal effects on seed size have cascading effects on seedling traits. Maternal effects on early life history traits affect early plant survival and phenotypic variation of crop-wild hybrids, thus, they should be addressed in hybridization studies, especially those involving highly divergent parents like cultivated species and their wild ancestors.

Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
HW Fennie ◽  
S Sponaugle ◽  
EA Daly ◽  
RD Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Otolith Microstructure Analysis ◽  
Pelagic Juvenile

Predation is a major source of mortality in the early life stages of fishes and a driving force in shaping fish populations. Theoretical, modeling, and laboratory studies have generated hypotheses that larval fish size, age, growth rate, and development rate affect their susceptibility to predation. Empirical data on predator selection in the wild are challenging to obtain, and most selective mortality studies must repeatedly sample populations of survivors to indirectly examine survivorship. While valuable on a population scale, these approaches can obscure selection by particular predators. In May 2018, along the coast of Washington, USA, we simultaneously collected juvenile quillback rockfish Sebastes maliger from both the environment and the stomachs of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. We used otolith microstructure analysis to examine whether juvenile coho salmon were age-, size-, and/or growth-selective predators of juvenile quillback rockfish. Our results indicate that juvenile rockfish consumed by salmon were significantly smaller, slower growing at capture, and younger than surviving (unconsumed) juvenile rockfish, providing direct evidence that juvenile coho salmon are selective predators on juvenile quillback rockfish. These differences in early life history traits between consumed and surviving rockfish are related to timing of parturition and the environmental conditions larval rockfish experienced, suggesting that maternal effects may substantially influence survival at this stage. Our results demonstrate that variability in timing of parturition and sea surface temperature leads to tradeoffs in early life history traits between growth in the larval stage and survival when encountering predators in the pelagic juvenile stage.

Impact of salinity on early life history traits of three estuarine fish species in Senegal

2009 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maylis Labonne ◽  
Eric Morize ◽  
Pierre Scolan ◽  
Raymond Lae ◽  
Eric Dabas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Estuarine Fish

scholarly journals The influence of oceanographic fronts and early-life-history traits on connectivity among littoral fish species

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1473-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Galarza ◽  
J. Carreras-Carbonell ◽  
E. Macpherson ◽  
M. Pascual ◽  
S. Roques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Littoral Fish
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document