scholarly journals A nurse plant benefits from facilitative interactions through mycorrhizae

Plant Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sortibrán ◽  
M. Verdú ◽  
A. Valiente‐Banuet
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Plant ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

scholarly journals Incorporating facilitative interactions into small‐scale eelgrass restoration – challenges and opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Gagnon ◽  
Hartvig Christie ◽  
Karin Didderen ◽  
Camilla W. Fagerli ◽  
Laura L. Govers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

Competitive and facilitative interactions within and between two species of coastal dune perennials

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J Franks
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Coastal Dune ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Uniola Paniculata ◽  
Disturbed Zone ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Facilitative Interactions ◽  
Target Plant

While there is substantial evidence for facilitation, the effects of such factors as stress and species identity on positive interactions remain controversial. At two coastal dune sites, I tested the hypotheses that facilitative interactions increase with increasing stress and disturbance along an environmental gradient and that facilitative interactions are stronger among heterospecific than among conspecific individuals. I transplanted Uniola paniculata and Iva imbricata plants into plots along with four conspecific neighbors, four heterospecific neighbors, or no neighbors across an environmental gradient. Neighbors increased target plant survival, suggesting facilitation, but biomass of targets was reduced by the presence of neighbors, suggesting competition. Unexpectedly, competition was greatest in the purportedly most stressful and disturbed zone. In this study, the outcome of neighbor interactions differed for biomass and survival and depended on position along the environmental gradient, but was independent of neighbor identity.Key words: competition, disturbance, facilitation, Iva imbricata, stress, Uniola paniculata.

Direct and indirect interactions co-determine species composition in nurse plant systems

Oikos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1371-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schöb ◽  
Cristina Armas ◽  
Francisco I. Pugnaire
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Indirect Interactions ◽  
Nurse Plant

scholarly journals Association of three succulent plant species with woody canopy in the mixed bushveld, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Thrash
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Nurse Plant ◽  
Succulent Plant ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Study Species

Succulents are an important component of the mixed bushveld. Although the nurse plant syndrome is known from arid areas, association of succulents with woody canopy has ot been studied in non-arid areas. The study was done in two phases, the first being to confirm the existence of an association and the second being to investigate a possible cause of the association. The three species studied were all significantly associated with woody canopy. All of the relatively small (0-1 m) Euphorbia ingens plants and most of the relatively small (0-0.5m) Aloe marlothii and Opuntia vulgaris plants encountered were beneath woody canopy. There was a very strong significant association between being damaged by fire and growing between woody canopies for all three species. Fires are likely to be lethal to any plants of the study species that are shorter than about 1 m. In any area where fires are frequent there are likely to be fewer young plants of the study species between woody canopies than there will be within the protection of a bush clump.

How direct and indirect non-native interactions can promote plant invasions, lead to invasional meltdown and inform management decisions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Sara E. Kuebbing
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Apparent Competition ◽  
Indirect Interactions ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Invasional Meltdown ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

Abstract In 1999, Daniel Simberloff and Betsy Von Holle introduced the term 'invasional meltdown'. The term and the concept have been embraced and critiqued but have taken a firm hold within the invasion biology canon. The original formulation of the concept argued two key points: first, biologists rarely study how non-natives interact with one another. Second, nearly all the conceptual models about the success and impact of invasive species are predicated on the importance of competitive interactions and an implicit assumption that non-natives should interfere with establishment, spread and impact of other non-natives. In response, Simberloff and Von Holle called for more research on invader interactions and proposed an alternative consequence of non-native species interactions - invasional meltdown - where facilitative interactions among non-natives could increase the invasion rate or ecological impacts in invaded systems. This chapter outlines the primary pathways in which direct and indirect interactions among non-natives could lead to invasional meltdown. It provides examples of how different types of interactions among non-natives could lead to net positive effects on the invasion success of non-native plants or the impact of non-native plants on invaded ecosystems. Direct effects are by far the most commonly explored form of non-native- non- native interaction, primarily focusing on plant mutualisms with pollinators, seed dispersers or soil microbial mutualists. There are, however, also examples of non-native plants that benefit from commensal and even herbivorous interactions with other non-natives. Indirect interactions among non-natives are very infrequently studied. Although examples are scarce, non-natives may indirectly benefit other non-native plants through trophic cascades, apparent competition and indirect mutualisms. It remains unclear whether indirect effects are important pathways to invasional meltdown. More work is needed on studying ecosystems that are invaded by multiple non-native species and we need to consider the full range of interactions among non-natives that could either stymie or promote their spread, population growth and impact. Only then can we address how common facilitative interactions are relative to competitive interactions among non-natives or provide robust suggestions on how to manage ecosystems.

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