scholarly journals Phenotypic plasticity as a clue for invasion success of the submerged aquatic plant Elodea nuttallii

Plant Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Szabó ◽  
E. T. H. M. Peeters ◽  
G. Várbíró ◽  
G. Borics ◽  
B. A. Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Elodea Nuttallii ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant

scholarly journals Stem photosynthesis: new evidence highlights the contribution of phenotypic plasticity to the invasion success of Mikania micrantha

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zheng ◽  
Tai-Jie Zhang ◽  
Bo-Hui Li ◽  
Wei-Jie Liang ◽  
Qi-Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Stem Photosynthesis ◽  
Wide Range

Phenotypic plasticity affords invasive plant species the ability to colonize a wide range of habitats, but physiological plasticity of their stems is seldom recognized. Investigation of the stem plasticity of invasive plant species could lead to a better understanding of their invasiveness. We performed a pot experiment involving defoliation treatments and an isolated culture experiment to determine whether the invasive species Mikania micrantha exhibits greater plasticity in the stems than do three native species that co-occur in southern China and then explored the mechanism underlying the modification of its stem photosynthesis. Our results showed that the stems of M. micrantha exhibited higher plasticity in terms of either net or gross photosynthesis in response to the defoliation treatment. These effects were positively related to an increased stem elongation rate. The enhancement of stem photosynthesis in M. micrantha resulted from the comprehensive action involving increases in the Chl a/b ratio, D1 protein and stomatal aperture, changes in chloroplast morphology and a decrease in anthocyanins. Increased plasticity of stem photosynthesis may improve the survival of M. micrantha under harsh conditions and allow it to rapidly recover from defoliation injuries. Our results highlight that phenotypic plasticity promotes the invasion success of alien plant invaders.

Heavy metal adsorption characteristics of a submerged aquatic plant (Myriophyllum spicatum)

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Keskinkan ◽  
M.Z.L. Goksu ◽  
A. Yuceer ◽  
M. Basibuyuk ◽  
C.F. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Metal Adsorption ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant

scholarly journals Plectosporium tabacinum, a Pathogen of the Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla verticillata in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Smither-Kopperl ◽  
R. Charudattan ◽  
R. D. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Acid Fuchsin ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant

Plectosporium tabacinum, the anamorph of Plectosphaerella cucumerina, was isolated in 1996 from Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), an invasive aquatic weed in Florida. P. tabacinum, applied as a suspension of conidia, was pathogenic to hydrilla shoots maintained in aqueous solutions in test tubes. Koch's postulates were fulfilled in several repeated experiments. Infected shoots became slightly chlorotic within 24 h after inoculation. Infected leaves remained intact and were supported by water pressure but collapsed upon removal from water. Histological studies of leaves stained with malachite green and acid fuchsin revealed fungal hyphae within plant cells. The disease developed over a range of temperatures from 15 to 30°C. At 25°C, symptoms were most severe in 5% Hoagland's solution, followed by river water, deionized water, 0.5% Hoagland's, tap water, and spring water. Disease severity increased as inoculum concentration was increased from 105 to 107 conidia ml-1. This is the first report of P. tabacinum as a pathogen of hydrilla, a fully submerged aquatic plant species.

Reproductive parameters of topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) from a heated Lake Licheńskie (Poland)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Záhorská ◽  
Vladimír Kováč ◽  
Kristína Švolíková ◽  
Andrzej Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Topmouth Gudgeon ◽  
Heated Water ◽  
Successful Invader

AbstractTemperature regime is known to have considerable influence on the life-histories of fish. Topmouth gudgeon is a very successful invader with high biological flexibility and phenotypic plasticity. The flexibility of topmouth gudgeon in a normal thermal regime has been well described, however there has been no information published about how it would cope with extreme conditions, e.g. permanently heated water. Several studies have demonstrated that phenotypic plasticity provides an important advantage to invasive species. To explain their invasion success, the theory of alternative ontogenies and invasive potential has been proposed. The aim of the present study was to examine if the reproductive parameters of a population living in permanently heated water differ from those living in habitats with a normal temperature regime, as well as to test a hypothesis derived from the theory of alternative ontogenies and invasive potential. Over a period of 8 years (2004–2011), a high variation in the reproductive parameters of topmouth gudgeon from Lake Licheńskie was found. With a small exception, all the observed results met the expectations predicted by the hypothesis tested. This indicates that topmouth gudgeon retains high phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits even in a habitat with extreme conditions, which is important for the species’ invasion success.

scholarly journals Submerged aquatic plant (Vallisneria spiralis and Egeria densa) utilisation as a biogas cleaner and feedstock of co-digestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Gábor Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egeria Densa ◽  
Vallisneria Spiralis ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Water Scrubber

Biogas was produced from sheep manure and two types of submerged aquatic plant (Vallisneria spiralis and Egeria densa). The gas cleaning was carried out by a water scrubber, where a significant part of CO2 and H2S can be separated from the gas. A part of water from the scrubber was circulated through an aquatic plant growth tank and the growth of used plants was examined. Addition of E. densa to sheep manure increased gas yield by 8% and the mixing of sheep manure and V. spiralis resulted in 21% increase in gas yield. With the used scrubber, 70-80 vol% methane content can be reached in the cleaned biogas, and the water from the scrubber (which contained dissolved CO2 and H2S) resulted in 56-87% increase in size as opposed to 12-44% increase in the control group.

scholarly journals Drosophila suzukii wing spot size is robust to developmental temperature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceferino Varón-González ◽  
Antoine Fraimout ◽  
Vincent Debat
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Developmental Temperature

ABSTRACTPhenotypic plasticity is an important mechanism allowing adaptation to new environments and as such it has been suggested to facilitate biological invasions. Under this assumption, invasive populations are predicted to exhibit stronger plastic responses than native populations. Drosophila suzukii is an invasive species whose males harbor a spot on the wing tip. In this study, by manipulating developmental temperature, we compare the phenotypic plasticity of wing spot size of two invasive populations with that of a native population. We then compare the results with data obtained from wild-caught flies from different natural populations. While both wing size and spot size are plastic to temperature, no difference in plasticity was detected between native and invasive populations, rejecting the hypothesis of a role of the wing-spot plasticity in the invasion success. In contrast we observed a remarkable stability in the spot-to-wing ratio across temperatures, as well as among geographic populations. This stability suggests either that the spot relative size is under stabilizing selection, or that its variation might be constrained by a tight developmental correlation between spot size and wing size. Our data show that this correlation was lost at high temperature, leading to an increased variation in the relative spot size, particularly marked in the two invasive populations. This suggests (i) that D. suzukii’s development is impaired by hot temperatures, in agreement with the cold-adapted status of this species; (ii) that the spot size can be decoupled from wing size, rejecting the hypothesis of an absolute constraint and suggesting that the wing color pattern might be under stabilizing (sexual) selection; (iii) that such sexual selection might be relaxed in the invasive populations. Finally, a subtle but consistent directional asymmetry in spot size was detected in favor of the right side in all populations and temperatures, possibly indicative of a lateralized sexual behavior.

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