The hukou system and selective internal migration in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiantao Zhou ◽  
Eddie Chi‐Man Hui
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Hukou System

Managing Internal Migration in China: From Control-Oriented to Service-Oriented

2012 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Guangqing XIONG ◽  
Litao ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Hukou System ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Over Time

China relies heavily on the hukou system to manage internal migration. Over time, urban China has been segregated into local hukou holders and migrants. New realities are beginning to challenge the approach of exclusion and segregation. A new round of hukou reforms is underway in many cities and provinces. The issue of integrating the "floating population" is finally on the reform agenda.

Reformed Migration Control and New Targeted People: China's Hukou System in the 2000s

2004 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei-Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
Hukou System ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Economic Stratification ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Political Management

This article outlines the latest reforms of China's hukou system in 1997–2002 and reports the system's functional changes and continuities. Today's hukou system still performs two leading functions: the widely discussed internal migration control with reformed mechanisms and the previously scarcely examined socio-political management of the targeted people (zhongdian renkou). An adapted and adjusted hukou system is expected to continue as a key component of China's institutional framework, playing a crucial role to determine socio-political stability, facilitate a rapid but uneven economic growth, and shape socio-economic stratification and spatial inequality in the PRC.

The Myth of Hukou: Re-examining Hukou’s Implications for China’s Development Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Industrial Output ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Hukou System ◽  
Development Models

The hukou system is typically treated as an institutional base for rural-urban chasm in the literature regarding internal migration in China. However, these works rarely separate hukou’s social impacts from those caused by the changes in the economic system itself. With a review of historical policy documents, data on migration from rural to urban sectors, agricultural output and industrial output growth, I argue that hukou is in fact a rather neutral and passive legislation in the sense that it can perform opposite functions depending on the particular economic system it is operating under. This paper calls for bringing the concept of economic system back to the center of the discussion regarding development models. JEL Classification: O15, D63

Internal migration in Italy. Long-run analysis of push and pull factors across regions and macro-areas of the country.

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454
Author(s):  
Piras Romano
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Push And Pull

The great majority of empirical studies on internal migration across Italian regions either ignores the long-run perspective of the phenomenon or do not consider push and pull factors separately. In addition, Centre-North to South flows, intra-South and intra-Centre-North migration have not been studied. We aim to fill this gap and tackle interregional migration flows from different geographical perspectives. We apply four panel data estimators with different statistical assumptions and show that long-run migration flows from the Mezzogiorno towards Centre-Northern regions are well explained by a gravity model in which per capita GDP, unemployment and population play a major role. On the contrary, migration flows from Centre-North to South has probably much to do with other social and demographic factors. Finally, intra Centre-North and intra South migration flows roughly obey to the gravity model, though not all explicative variables are relevant.

Women's rural-urban migration in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sally N. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Low Income Women ◽  
The Impact

Women’s sole internal migration has been mostly ignored in migration studies, and the concentration on migrant women has been almost exclusively on low-income women within the household framework. This study focuses on middleclass women’s contemporary rural-urban migration in Lebanon. It probes into the determinants and outcomes of women’s sole internal migration within the empowerment framework. The study delves into the interplay of the personal, social, and structural factors that determine the women’s rural-urban migration as well as its outcomes. It draws together the lived experiences of migrant women to explore the determinants of women’s internal migration as well as the impact of migration on their expanded empowerment.

Migration, Crises, and Social Transformation in India Since the 1990s

2018 ◽  
pp. 260-278
Author(s):  
Smriti Rao ◽  
Vamsi Vakulabharanam
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Marriage Migration ◽  
Reproductive Labor ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Agrarian Crisis

Since liberalization, urban migration in India has increased in quantity, but also changed in quality, with permanent marriage migration and temporary, circular employment migration rising, even as permanent economic migration remains stagnant. This chapter understands internal migration in India to be a reordering of productive and reproductive labor that signifies a deep transformation of society. The chapter argues that this transformation is a response to three overlapping crises: an agrarian crisis, an employment crisis, and a crisis of social reproduction. These are not crises for capitalist accumulation, which they enable. Rather, they make it impossible for a majority of Indians to achieve stable, rooted livelihoods.

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