Wellington Playgrounds Uncovered: An Examination of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Shade Protection in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Gage ◽  
Chris O'Toole ◽  
Andrew Robinson ◽  
Anthony Reeder ◽  
Louise Signal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

scholarly journals Measured UV Exposures of Ironman, Sprint and Olympic-Distance Triathlon Competitors

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Downs ◽  
Taryn Axelsen ◽  
Alfio V. Parisi ◽  
Peter W. Schouten ◽  
Ben R. Dexter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Exposure ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Triathletes present an extreme case of modelled behaviour in outdoor sport that favours enhanced exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. This research presents personal solar ultraviolet exposures, measured using all-weather polysulphone film dosimeters, to triathletes during the distinct swimming, cycling and running stages of competitive Sprint, Olympic and Ironman events conducted within Australia and New Zealand. Measurements of exposure are made for each triathlon stage using film dosimeters fixed at a single site to the headwear of competing triathletes. Exposures are expressed relative to the local ambient and as absolute calibrated erythemally effective values across a total of eight triathlon courses (two Ironman, one half Ironman, one Olympic-distance, and four Sprint events). Competitor exposure results during training are also presented. Exposures range from between 0.2 to 6.8 SED/h (SED: standard erythema dose) depending upon the time of year, the local time of each event and cloud conditions. Cycle stage exposures can exceed 20 SED and represent the highest exposure fraction of any triathlon (average = 32%). The next highest stage exposure occurred during the swim (average = 28%), followed by the run (average = 26%). During an Ironman, personal competitor exposures exceed 30 SED, making triathlon a sporting discipline with potentially the highest personal ultraviolet exposure risk.

Simplified Calibration for Broadband Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements¶

2003 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oppenrieder ◽  
P. Hoeppe ◽  
P. Koepke ◽  
J. Reuder ◽  
J. Schween ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet ◽  
Radiation Measurements

Response : Polyethylene Bags and Solar Ultraviolet Radiation

Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 259 (5094) ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
Barbara B. Prézelin ◽  
Raymond C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet
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