Why are males more attractive after brood care? Proximate causes of enhanced sex pheromone emission in a burying beetle

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Chemnitz ◽  
Ina S. Fujan ◽  
Carola Winkelmann ◽  
Sandra Steiger
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Brood Care ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Proximate Causes ◽  
Sex Pheromone Emission

Probable Site of Sex Pheromone Emission in Female Vine and Obscure Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeccah A. Waterworth ◽  
Richard A. Redak ◽  
Jocelyn G. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Probable Site ◽  
Sex Pheromone Emission

Sex pheromone emission by female Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) in relation to reproductive maturation and oviposition

1977 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. P. Barratt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Reproductive Maturation ◽  
Mating History ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Sex Pheromone Emission ◽  
Ovary Maturation ◽  
Stegobium Paniceum ◽  
Copulatory Behaviour

AbstractPheromone emission by female Stegobium paniceum (L.) was tested in the laboratory by measuring responses of males to filter paper discs that had been exposed to standardised air flow over females in a simple apparatus. Results indicated that although ether-extractable pheromone is present at eclosion, emission of pheromone is not appreciable until day 2 or 3 and does not reach a maximum until day 3 or 4. After mating, pheromone emission oscillates markedly for reasons not fully understood. Ovary maturation was monitored by dissection of females 0–5 days old; the first mature oocytes were found in the calyces on day 3. Synchrony between reproductive maturation and pheromone emission was thereby demonstrated. Copulatory behaviour and oviposition in relation to female mating history were studied. Virgin females produce a few infertile eggs during the latter part of their adult life; mated females produce far more, much earlier, but fecundity is reduced when a female is kept with another beetle, particularly a male. The significance of multiple mating was not ascertained since neither fecundity nor fertility was increased.

SPERM—A Sex Pheromone Emission and Response Model

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Hartstack ◽  
Jr. ◽  
J. A. Witz ◽  
J. P. Hollingsworth ◽  
D. L. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Sex Pheromone Emission

scholarly journals Effect of sex pheromone emission on the attraction of Lobesia botrana

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Vacas ◽  
Cristina Alfaro ◽  
Manuel Zarzo ◽  
Vicente Navarro-Llopis ◽  
Jaime Primo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Sex Pheromone Emission

ATTRACTION OF MALE GREEN APPLE BUGS, LYGOCORIS COMMUNIS (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE), TO CAGED FEMALES

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 765-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Boivin ◽  
R. K. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Lygus Hesperus ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Pheromone Emission

In Quebec apple orchards, pheromones are used to monitor a number of pest species (Rivard et al. 1978; Paradis et al. 1979). However, few studies have looked for the presence of sex pheromones in mirids. Scales (1968) detected the presence of sex pheromone in a mirid, Lygus lineolaris (P. de B.), as did Strong et al. (1970) for Lygus hesperus Knight. Subsequently, the daily and annual cycles of pheromone emission in Distantiella theobroma (Dist.) (King 1973) and Helopeltis clavifer (Walker) (Smith 1977) were established.

scholarly journals Beyond species recognition: somatic state affects long-distance sex pheromone communication

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1812) ◽  
pp. 20150832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Chemnitz ◽  
Petra C. Jentschke ◽  
Manfred Ayasse ◽  
Sandra Steiger
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Somatic State

Long-range sex pheromones have been subjected to substantial research with a particular focus on their biosynthesis, peripheral perception, central processing and the resulting orientation behaviour of perceivers. Fundamental to the research on sex attractants was the assumption that they primarily coordinate species recognition. However, especially when they are produced by the less limiting sex (usually males), the evolution of heightened condition dependence might be expected and long-range sex pheromones might, therefore, also inform about a signaller's quality. Here we provide, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive study of the role of a male's long-range pheromone in mate choice that combines chemical analyses, video observations and field experiments with a multifactorial manipulation of males' condition. We show that the emission of the long-distance sex pheromone of the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides is highly condition-dependent and reliably reflects nutritional state, age, body size and parasite load—key components of an individual's somatic state. Both, the quantity and ratio of the pheromone components were affected but the time invested in pheromone emission was largely unaffected by a male's condition. Moreover, the variation in pheromone emission caused by the variation in condition had a strong effect on the attractiveness of males in the field, with males in better nutritional condition, of older age, larger body size and bearing less parasites being more attractive. That a single pheromone is influenced by so many aspects of the somatic state and causes such variation in a male's attractiveness under field conditions was hitherto unknown and highlights the need to integrate indicator models of sexual selection into pheromone research.

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