scholarly journals Host discrimination modulates brood guarding behaviour and the adaptive superparasitism in the parasitoid wasp Trissolcus semistriatus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Todoroki ◽  
Hideharu Numata
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Brood Guarding

Abdominal sensory equipment involved in external host discrimination in a solitary parasitoid wasp

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1145-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
MarlÈne Goubault ◽  
Anne Marie Cortesero ◽  
Chrystelle Paty ◽  
Julie Fourrier ◽  
Sonia Dourlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

Short-term host discrimination in the parasitoid wasp Trissolcus basalis Wollaston (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Field ◽  
M. A. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Model

The ability of host discrimination allows insect parasitoids to avoid superparasitism (oviposition in a previously attacked host). However, superparasitism can sometimes be adaptive, so attempts to identify host discrimination must be made under appropriate ecological conditions. We tested the ability of the parasitoid wasp Trissolcus basalis to discriminate between self- and conspecific-parasitised hosts (conspecific discrimination) under ecologically realistic conditions, in which conspecific discrimination should be adaptive. Data were analysed using a Monte Carlo simulation model that permitted testing of several different ways in which conspecific discrimination could be achieved. We obtained the novel result that females avoided self-superparasitism on a patch consisting of a mixture of self- and conspecific-parasitised hosts, but that this avoidance was not due to true conspecific discrimination. Instead, it was due to short- term discrimination between newly and previously parasitised hosts. Two likely mechanisms for such discrimination are proposed: a short-lived host-derived volatile; and the presence of two or more chemical components in the marking pheromone.

Marking decisions and host discrimination in a parasitoid attacking concealed hosts

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1494-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S Hoffmeister
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Poison Glands ◽  
Antennal Contact ◽  
Behavioural Sequence ◽  
Oviposition Sites ◽  
Fruit Surface

Host discrimination by the parasitoid wasp Halticoptera rosae was found to be based upon an external marking pheromone applied to the surface of rose hips in which the host, a fly (Rhagoletis basiola), had deposited its eggs in the fruit pulp. Female wasps marked the sites by repeatedly dabbing the tip of their ovipositor on the fruit surface and discriminated against conspecific marks through antennal contact with marked sites, resulting in cutting off the behavioural sequence leading to oviposition. The same behaviour was observed when wasps were offered fruits on which flies' oviposition sites were artificially marked with methanol extracts of female reproductive tracts, which suggests that the mark is chemical in nature and that the substance is associated with female oviducts and Dufour's or poison glands. Although the host flies respond to fruits that had been previously searched by wasps, no effect on wasp searching behaviour was found on fruits previously searched by conspecifics but without parasitization of the host. The adaptive significance of marking and discrimination decisions made by the parasitoid is discussed.

Wolbachia impairs post-eclosion host preference in a parasitoid wasp

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Abrun ◽  
Ahmad Ashouri ◽  
Anne Duplouy ◽  
Hossein Kishani Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Host Preference ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp

scholarly journals Volatile metabolites of willows determining host discrimination by adult Plagiodera versicolora

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahao Ling ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Guo Yang ◽  
Tongming Yin
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Plagiodera Versicolora ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
Hexenyl Acetate ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractPlagiodera versicolora Laicharting is a highly damaging leaf beetle foraging on willow leaves. In willow germplasm collections, observation has shown that Salix suchowensis Cheng was severely foraged by this leaf beetle while Salix triandra L. was damage free or only slightly damaged. Results of olfactometer bioassays show that the headspace volatiles from leaves of S. triandra significantly repelled adult beetles, suggesting that this species produces volatile repellents against P. versicolora. S. suchowensis had no effect on the beetles. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was carried out to profile the headspace volatile organic compounds and 23 compounds from leaves of the alternate species in significantly different concentrations were detected. The effects of 20 chemical analogs on host discrimination were examined. Olfactory response to these chemicals showed that o-cymene, a S. suchowensis specific constituent, significantly attracted adult P. versicolora. In contrast, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, a constituent concentrated more in S. triandra than in S. suchowensis, significantly repelled beetles. Mixing o-cymene and cis-3-hexenyl acetate in comparable concentrations as in the volatiles of S. suchowensis demonstrated that the latter could mask the attracting effect of the former, causing a neutral response by adult beetles to leaves of S. suchowensis against clean air. In addition, chemical analogs have the same effect as plants when resembling volatile organic compounds in real samples. Two volatile metabolites were detected triggering host discrimination by one of the most damaging insect pests to host and non-host willows. The two metabolites are of considerable potential for use as olfactory signs in managing the beetles.

scholarly journals Sight of parasitoid wasps accelerates sexual behavior and upregulates a micropeptide gene in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa A. M. Ebrahim ◽  
Gaëlle J. S. Talross ◽  
John R. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
Vast Range

AbstractParasitoid wasps inflict widespread death upon the insect world. Hundreds of thousands of parasitoid wasp species kill a vast range of insect species. Insects have evolved defensive responses to the threat of wasps, some cellular and some behavioral. Here we find an unexpected response of adult Drosophila to the presence of certain parasitoid wasps: accelerated mating behavior. Flies exposed to certain wasp species begin mating more quickly. The effect is mediated via changes in the behavior of the female fly and depends on visual perception. The sight of wasps induces the dramatic upregulation in the fly nervous system of a gene that encodes a 41-amino acid micropeptide. Mutational analysis reveals that the gene is essential to the behavioral response of the fly. Our work provides a foundation for further exploration of how the activation of visual circuits by the sight of a wasp alters both sexual behavior and gene expression.

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