scholarly journals The influence of body mass index and age on C-peptide at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children who participated in the diabetes prevention trial-type 1

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay M Sosenko ◽  
Susan Geyer ◽  
Jay S Skyler ◽  
Lisa E Rafkin ◽  
Heba M Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
C Peptide

scholarly journals Glucose and C-Peptide Changes in the Perionset Period of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1

Diabetes Care ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2188-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Sosenko ◽  
J. P. Palmer ◽  
L. Rafkin-Mervis ◽  
J. P. Krischer ◽  
D. Cuthbertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
C Peptide

scholarly journals Trends of Earlier and Later Responses of C-peptide to Oral Glucose Challenges With Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 Participants

Diabetes Care ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Sosenko ◽  
J. P. Palmer ◽  
L. E. Rafkin ◽  
J. P. Krischer ◽  
D. Cuthbertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
C Peptide

scholarly journals Slowed Metabolic Decline after One Year of Oral Insulin Treatment among Individuals at High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 and TrialNet Oral Insulin Prevention Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Jay M. Sosenko ◽  
Jay S. Skyler ◽  
Kevan C. Herold ◽  
Desmond A. Schatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Oral Insulin ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Group

We assessed whether oral insulin slowed metabolic decline after 1 year of treatment in individuals at high risk for type 1 diabetes.<b> </b>Two oral insulin trials that were negative overall with type 1 diabetes as the primary endpoint were analyzed: the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet oral insulin trials. Oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline and after 1 year of treatment were analyzed. Among those at high risk [Diabetes Prevention Trial Risk Score (DPTRS)≥6.75], the AUC C-peptide increased significantly from baseline to 1 year in each oral insulin group, whereas AUC glucose increased significantly in each placebo group. At 1 year, AUC C-peptide/AUC glucose was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the oral insulin group than in the placebo group in each trial (p=0.057 with age adjustment in the TrialNet trial; p<0.01 for trials combined with or without age adjustment). For DPTRS<6.75, oral insulin groups did not differ from placebo groups. <a>The findings suggest that 1 year of treatment with oral insulin slows metabolic deterioration in individuals at high risk for type 1 diabetes.</a> Moreover, the findings further suggest that metabolic endpoints can be useful adjuncts to the diagnostic endpoint in assessments of preventive treatments for the disorder.

scholarly journals One-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests for the Prediction and Diagnostic Surveillance of Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimber M Simmons ◽  
Jay M Sosenko ◽  
Megan Warnock ◽  
Susan Geyer ◽  
Heba M Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
C Peptide

Abstract Context Once islet autoantibody–positive individuals are identified, predicting which individuals are at highest risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) is important. A metabolic risk score derived from 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data, the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 risk score (DPTRS), can accurately predict T1D. However, 2-hour OGTTs are time-consuming and costly. Objective We aimed to determine whether a risk score derived from 1-hour OGTT data can predict T1D as accurately as the DPTRS. Secondarily, we evaluated whether a 1-hour glucose value can be used for diagnostic surveillance. Methods The DPTRS was modified to derive a 1-hour OGTT risk score (DPTRS60) using fasting C-peptide, 1-hour glucose and C-peptide, age, and body mass index. Areas under receiver operating curves (ROCAUCs) were used to compare prediction accuracies of DPTRS60 with DPTRS in Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1 (DPT-1) (n = 654) and TrialNet Pathway to Prevention (TNPTP) (n = 4610) participants. Negative predictive values (NPV) for T1D diagnosis were derived for 1-hour glucose thresholds. Results ROCAUCs for T1D prediction 5 years from baseline were similar between DPTRS60 and DPTRS (DPT-1: 0.805 and 0.794; TNPTP: 0.832 and 0.847, respectively). DPTRS60 predicted T1D significantly better than 2-hour glucose (P &lt; .001 in both cohorts). A 1-hour glucose of less than 180 mg/dL had a similar NPV, positive predictive value, and specificity for T1D development before the next 6-month visit as the standard 2-hour threshold of less than 140 mg/dL (both ≥ 98.5%). Conclusion A 1-hour OGTT can predict T1D as accurately as a 2-hour OGTT with minimal risk of missing a T1D diagnosis before the next visit.

scholarly journals Slowed Metabolic Decline after One Year of Oral Insulin Treatment among Individuals at High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 and TrialNet Oral Insulin Prevention Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Jay M. Sosenko ◽  
Jay S. Skyler ◽  
Kevan C. Herold ◽  
Desmond A. Schatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Oral Insulin ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Group

We assessed whether oral insulin slowed metabolic decline after 1 year of treatment in individuals at high risk for type 1 diabetes.<b> </b>Two oral insulin trials that were negative overall with type 1 diabetes as the primary endpoint were analyzed: the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet oral insulin trials. Oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline and after 1 year of treatment were analyzed. Among those at high risk [Diabetes Prevention Trial Risk Score (DPTRS)≥6.75], the AUC C-peptide increased significantly from baseline to 1 year in each oral insulin group, whereas AUC glucose increased significantly in each placebo group. At 1 year, AUC C-peptide/AUC glucose was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the oral insulin group than in the placebo group in each trial (p=0.057 with age adjustment in the TrialNet trial; p<0.01 for trials combined with or without age adjustment). For DPTRS<6.75, oral insulin groups did not differ from placebo groups. <a>The findings suggest that 1 year of treatment with oral insulin slows metabolic deterioration in individuals at high risk for type 1 diabetes.</a> Moreover, the findings further suggest that metabolic endpoints can be useful adjuncts to the diagnostic endpoint in assessments of preventive treatments for the disorder.

scholarly journals Patterns of Metabolic Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1

Diabetes Care ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Sosenko ◽  
J. P. Palmer ◽  
C. J. Greenbaum ◽  
J. Mahon ◽  
C. Cowie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial

scholarly journals Time to Peak Glucose and Peak C-Peptide During the Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial and TrialNet Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G Voss ◽  
David D Cuthbertson ◽  
Mario M Cleves ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Carmella Evans-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Z Score ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Diabetes Progression ◽  
Diabetes Development

<b>Objective:</b> To assess the progression of type 1 diabetes using time to peak glucose or C-peptide during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in autoantibody positive (Ab+) relatives of people with type 1 diabetes. <p><b>Methods:</b> We examined 2-hour OGTTs of participants in the Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet Pathway to Prevention (PTP) studies. We included 706 DPT-1 participants (Mean±SD age: 13.84±9.53 years; BMI-Z-Score: 0.33±1.07; 56.1% male) and 3,720 PTP participants (age: 16.01±12.33 Years, BMI-Z-Score 0.66±1.3; 49.7% male). Log-rank testing and Cox regression analyses with adjustments (age, sex, race, BMI Z-Score, HOMA-IR and peak Glucose/C-peptide levels, respectively) were performed. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> In each of DPT-1 and PTP, higher 5-year diabetes progression risk was seen in those with time to peak glucose >30 min and time to peak C-peptide >60 min (p<0.001 for all groups), before and after adjustments. In models examining strength of association with diabetes development, associations were greater for time to peak C-peptide versus peak C-peptide value (DPT-1: X<sup>2 </sup>= 25.76 vs. X<sup>2</sup> = 8.62 and PTP: X<sup>2 </sup>= 149.19 vs. X<sup>2</sup> = 79.98; all p<0.001). Changes in the percentage of individuals with delayed glucose and/or C-peptide peaks were noted over time.</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>In two independent at risk populations, we show that those with delayed OGTT peak times for glucose or C-peptide are at higher risk of diabetes development within 5 years, independent of peak levels. Moreover, time to peak C-peptide appears more predictive than the peak level, suggesting its potential use as a specific biomarker for diabetes progression. </p>

scholarly journals A Risk Score for Type 1 Diabetes Derived From Autoantibody-Positive Participants in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1

Diabetes Care ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Sosenko ◽  
J. P. Krischer ◽  
J. P. Palmer ◽  
J. Mahon ◽  
C. Cowie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Trial Type ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Trial
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