scholarly journals The role of technology in melanoma screening and diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert T. Young ◽  
Niki B. Vora ◽  
Jose Cortez ◽  
Andrew Tam ◽  
Yildiray Yeniay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melanoma Screening ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Evolving Role of Computed Tomographic Colonography in Colon Cancer Screening and Diagnosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Friedel ◽  
Shahzad Iqbal ◽  
Stavros N. Stavropoulos ◽  
Jay P. Babich ◽  
Nicholas Georgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colon Cancer Screening ◽  
Computed Tomographic Colonography ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Role of glycated hemoglobin in the screening and diagnosis of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus after renal transplantation: A diagnostic accuracy study

2015 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura Pimentel ◽  
Larissa Sant Anna Kellermann Carvalho ◽  
Samara Silva Marques ◽  
Rodrigo Fontanive Franco ◽  
Sandra Pinho Silveiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy Study ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Breast

2021 ◽  
pp. 565-582
Author(s):  
Ali Kubba
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Pain ◽  
Breast Awareness ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

This chapter begins with a short introduction to the role of the breast complaint in a gynaecological setting, and how nurses can encourage breast awareness and participation in screening programmes. It then goes on to cover breast pain (mastalgia), various benign breast conditions, and breast history and examination. It describes screening and diagnosis of breast disease, the current clinical picture and treatment options for breast cancer, alongside associated risk factors and prevention.

scholarly journals Screening for Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Feasibility Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Törnberg ◽  
Eva Månsson-Brahme ◽  
Diana Linden ◽  
Ulrik Ringborg ◽  
Ingvar Krakau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Skin Examination ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Personal Invitation ◽  
Melanoma Screening ◽  
Better Than

Objectives— To study two different procedures for inviting subjects to screening for malignant melanoma, and to study the role of specially trained nurses as primary examiners. Methods— The study was carried out in Stockholm county and comprised 5000 randomly selected men and women aged 40 to 60, of whom 2500 were invited with a personal invitation letter and with a set time of appointment and 2500 were sent a questionnaire and instructions for self examination of the skin. To test the nurses' competence, a survey was made, comparing the judgments of skin examination between nurses and doctors. Results— 1654 (66%) of those invited for a skin examination took part. 1507 (60%) replied in the questionnaire group, of whom 1024 (41%) requested and attended a subsequent skin examination. Of the subjects attending from both groups, the nurses judged 9% v 11% as having skin lesions suggesting malignant melanoma, whereas the two doctors referred 4% v 3% of the subjects for surgical biopsy. Two malignant melanomas were detected, both of them in the questionnaire group. In the study of nurses' screening competence, both nurses and doctors equally judged one case out of 19 as having a lesion suspicious for malignant melanoma. Conclusions— When the questionnaire method was used the results were achieved with one third fewer skin examinations, but it is difficult to conclude whether one of the procedures is better than the other. The results also indicate that nurses can be trained to be the primary examiners in a melanoma screening programme.

scholarly journals Prostate-specific Antigen Screening and Recent Increases in Advanced Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaw A Nyame ◽  
Roman Gulati ◽  
Alex Tsodikov ◽  
John L Gore ◽  
Ruth Etzioni
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Models Of Disease ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Abstract Recent studies show decreasing prostate-specific antigen utilization and increasing incidence of metastatic prostate cancer in the United States after national recommendations against screening in 2012. Yet whether the increasing incidence of metastatic prostate cancer is consistent in magnitude with the expected impact of decreased screening is unknown. We compared observed incidence of metastatic prostate cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and published effects of continued historical screening and discontinued screening starting in 2013 projected by two models of disease natural history, screening, and diagnosis. The observed rate of new metastatic prostate cancer cases in 2017 was 44%-60% of the projected increase under discontinued screening relative to continued screening. Thus, the observed increase in incident metastatic prostate cancer is consistent with the expected impact of reduced screening. Although this comparison does not establish a causal relationship, it highlights the plausible role of decreased screening in the observed trend.

Glycans in melanoma screening. Part 1. The role of β1,6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides in melanoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Przybyło ◽  
Anna Lityńska
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Matrix Components ◽  
Melanoma Screening

Melanoma, which is one of the most aggressive human tumours, originates from melanin-producing melanocytes. As no effective systemic therapy exists for advanced-stage melanoma, the best chance of recovery remains surgical removal of thin early-stage melanoma. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of malignancy and a well-studied class of β1,6-branched oligosaccharides is associated with malignant transformation of rodent and human cells, and poor prognosis in cancer patients. It is evident that increased β1,6 branching significantly contributes to the phenotype of melanoma cells, influencing the adhesion to extracellular matrix components and motility as well as invasive and metastatic potential. Despite the considerable success in establishing the role of β1,6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides in melanoma biology, there is virtually no progress in using these glycans as a screening tool for the early diagnosis of the disease, or a target-specific therapeutic agent.

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