Solanaceous Plants Switch to Cytokinin‐Mediated Immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum under High Temperature and High Humidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Yang ◽  
Weiwei Cai ◽  
Lei Shen ◽  
Ruijie Wu ◽  
Jianshen Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

scholarly journals Pepper CaMLO6 Negatively Regulates Ralstonia solanacearum Resistance and Positively Regulates High Temperature and High Humidity Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1223-1238
Author(s):  
Sheng Yang ◽  
Yuanyuan Shi ◽  
Longyun Zou ◽  
Jinfeng Huang ◽  
Lei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Pepper Plants

Abstract Plant mildew-resistance locus O (MLO) proteins influence susceptibility to powdery mildew. However, their roles in plant responses to other pathogens and heat stress remain unclear. Here, we showed that CaMLO6, a pepper (Capsicum annuum) member of MLO clade V, is a protein targeted to plasma membrane and probably endoplasmic reticulum. The transcript expression level of CaMLO6 was upregulated in the roots and leaves of pepper plants challenged with high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) and was upregulated in leaves but downregulated in roots of plants infected with the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. CaMLO6 was also directly upregulated by CaWRKY40 upon HTHH but downregulated by CaWRKY40 upon R. solanacearum infection. Virus-induced gene silencing of CaMLO6 significantly decreased pepper HTHH tolerance and R. solanacearum susceptibility. Moreover, CaMLO6 overexpression enhanced the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana and pepper plants to R. solanacearum and their tolerance to HTHH, effects that were associated with the expression of immunity- and thermotolerance-associated marker genes, respectively. These results suggest that CaMLO6 acts as a positive regulator in response to HTHH but a negative regulator in response to R. solanacearum. Moreover, CaMLO6 is transcriptionally affected by R. solanacearum and HTHH; these transcriptional responses are at least partially regulated by CaWRKY40.

scholarly journals CaWRKY6 transcriptionally activates CaWRKY40, regulates Ralstonia solanacearum resistance, and confers high-temperature and high-humidity tolerance in pepper

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 3163-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanyang Cai ◽  
Sheng Yang ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Zhuoli Xiao ◽  
Junbin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
High Humidity

Behavioural aspects of microhabitat segregation of different age stages in the wetland land snail Vertigo moulinsiana (Eupulmonata: Vertiginidae) in the laboratory

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Zofia Książkiewicz-Parulska
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Behavioural Aspects ◽  
Microhabitat Segregation

ABSTRACT This laboratory study investigated behavioural differences between adults and juveniles of the wetland land snail species Vertigo moulinsiana with respect to temperature and humidity. Juveniles of V. moulinsiana, for example, tend to remain within the shaded, humid and cool layer of the litter, while adults usually climb above wet vegetation to a height of over 2 m. Adults are thus exposed to greater variation in temperature and humidity than juveniles. My experiments showed that adults of V. moulinsiana remain active longer than juveniles when subject to high temperature (36 °C) and low relative humidity (RH 30%). Conversely, juveniles stay active longer than adults in high humidity (22 °C, RH 100%). A short period of starvation lengthened the time needed for the juveniles to become active after dormancy, possibly indicating a different response between adults and juveniles to lack of nutritional reserves. These behavioural differences to food availability and the risk of water loss correspond to the microhabitat differences observed between adults and juveniles in the wild.

Effect of pinealectomy on the testicular response of the freshwater snake Natrix piscator to different environmental factors

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2352-2357 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Haldar ◽  
R. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Water Snake ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Testicular Weight

The effects of different humidity, photoperiod, and temperature regimes on the testicular function of the tropical water snake Natrix piscator were investigated in both sham-operated and pinealectomized snakes. Moderate humidity (50 ± 5%) had no effect on the testis, but high humidity (85 ± 5%) increased the testicular weight and activity of sham-operated snakes after 3, 6, and 9 weeks. Exposures to 14L:10D or 24L:0D and high temperature (42 ± 2 °C) inhibited testicular weight and activity in sham-operated snakes, whereas exposure to 10L:14D or 0L:24D and a low temperature (20 ± 2 °C) had no effect. Pinealectomized snakes did not respond to any of these experimental conditions, but their testicular weight remained the same as that of the pinealectomized controls under natural environmental conditions. The pineal gland showed an opposite response to that of the testes. Pineal gland weight decreased under high humidity and increased under 14L:10D, 24L:0D, and high temperature. These findings suggest that the ecofactors humidity, photoperiod, and temperature play a role in the regulation of testicular function in this snake, and that the pineal gland is implicated in the mediation of these factors.

MELANISM IN WHEAT INDUCED BY HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

1944 ◽  
Vol 22c (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Johnson ◽  
W. A. F. Hagborg
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

Results of experiments performed in the greenhouse have shown that, under conditions of a high temperature especially when combined with a high humidity, melanistic areas may develop on the glumes, lemmas, peduncles, and internodes of Apex and Renown wheat in the absence of any infection by pathogenic organisms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document