scholarly journals Soil penetration by maize roots is negatively related to ethylene‐induced thickening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorien J. Vanhees ◽  
Hannah M. Schneider ◽  
Jagdeep Singh Sidhu ◽  
Kenneth W. Loades ◽  
A. Glyn Bengough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Roots

Effects of pH on proton transport by vacuolar pumps from maize roots

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brauer ◽  
DeNea Conner ◽  
Shu-I Tu
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transport ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Effects Of Ph

Assay of Arabinofuranosidase Activity in Maize Roots

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Kozlova ◽  
Polina Mikshina ◽  
Tatyana Gorshkova
Keyword(s):  
Maize Roots

scholarly journals The ability of maize roots to grow through compacted soil is not dependent on the amount of roots formed

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 108013
Author(s):  
Dorien J. Vanhees ◽  
Kenneth W. Loades ◽  
A.Glyn Bengough ◽  
Sacha J. Mooney ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Maize Roots

scholarly journals Biological nitrification inhibition in maize—isolation and identification of hydrophobic inhibitors from root exudates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junnosuke Otaka ◽  
Guntur Venkata Subbarao ◽  
Hiroshi Ono ◽  
Tadashi Yoshihashi
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudation ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Maize Root ◽  
Nitrification Inhibition ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Biological Nitrification

AbstractTo control agronomic N losses and reduce environmental pollution, biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is a promising strategy. BNI is an ecological phenomenon by which certain plants release bioactive compounds that can suppress nitrifying soil microbes. Herein, we report on two hydrophobic BNI compounds released from maize root exudation (1 and 2), together with two BNI compounds inside maize roots (3 and 4). On the basis of a bioassay-guided fractionation method using a recombinant nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea, 2,7-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (1, ED50 = 2 μM) was identified for the first time from dichloromethane (DCM) wash concentrate of maize root surface and named “zeanone.” The benzoxazinoid 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (HDMBOA, 2, ED50 = 13 μM) was isolated from DCM extract of maize roots, and two analogs of compound 2, 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (HMBOA, 3, ED50 = 91 μM) and HDMBOA-β-glucoside (4, ED50 = 94 μM), were isolated from methanol extract of maize roots. Their chemical structures (1–4) were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. The contributions of these four isolated BNI compounds (1–4) to the hydrophobic BNI activity in maize roots were 19%, 20%, 2%, and 4%, respectively. A possible biosynthetic pathway for zeanone (1) is proposed. These results provide insights into the strength of hydrophobic BNI activity released from maize root systems, the chemical identities of the isolated BNIs, and their relative contribution to the BNI activity from maize root systems.

The Xylem Sap of Maize Roots: Its Collection, Composition and Formation

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Canny ◽  
ME Mccully
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Transpiration Stream ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Total Amino Acids

Three methods of sampling xylem sap of maize roots were compared: sap bleeding from the stem cut just above the ground; sap bleeding from the cut tops of roots still undisturbed in the ground; and sap aspirated from excavated roots under reduced pressure. The bleeding saps were often unobtainable. When their composition was measured with time from cutting, the concentrations of the major solutes approximately doubled in 2 h. Aspirated sap was chosen as the most reliable sample of root xylem contents. Solute concentrations of the saps showed great variability between individual roots for all solutes, but on average the concentrations found (in �mol g-1 sap) were: total amino acids, 1.8; nitrate, 1.8; sugars (mainly sucrose), 5.4; total organic acids, 18.3. Individual amino acids also varied greatly between roots. Glutamine, aspartic acid and serine were generally most abundant. The principal organic acid found was malic, approximately 8 �mol g-1. From these analyses the ratios of carbon in the fractions (sugars : amino acids : organic acids) = (44 : 6 : 50). 14Carbon pulse fed to a leaf appeared in the root sap within 30 min, rose to a peak at 4-6 h, and declined slowly over a week. During all this time the neutral, cation and anion fractions were sensibly constant in the proportions 86 : 10 : 4. The 14C therefore did not move towards the equilibrium of 12C-compounds in the sap. It is argued that the results do not support a hypothesis of formation of amino carbon from recent assimilate and reduced nitrate in the roots and an export of this to the shoot in the transpiration stream.

A paralog of the proteinaceous elicitor SM1 is involved in colonization of maize roots by Trichoderma virens

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frankie K. Crutcher ◽  
Maria E. Moran-Diez ◽  
Shengli Ding ◽  
Jinggao Liu ◽  
Benjamin A. Horwitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Maize Roots

scholarly journals p-Fluorophenylalanine-Induced Restriction of Ion Uptake and Assimilation by Maize Roots

1985 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Morgan ◽  
Richard J. Volk ◽  
William A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Maize Roots

The Effect of Silicon on the Activity and Isozymes Pattern of Antioxidative Enzymes of Young Maize Roots under Zinc Stress

Silicon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2907-2910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Šimková ◽  
Ivana Fialová ◽  
Miroslava Vaculíková ◽  
Miroslava Luxová
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Zinc Stress ◽  
Maize Roots
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