scholarly journals Oxygen isotope fractionations across individual leaf carbohydrates in grass and tree species

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1658-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco M. Lehmann ◽  
Bruno Gamarra ◽  
Ansgar Kahmen ◽  
Rolf T.W. Siegwolf ◽  
Matthias Saurer
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Individual Leaf ◽  
Leaf Carbohydrates

Nocturnal stomatal conductance and implications for modelling δ18O of leaf-respired CO2 in temperate tree species

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Barbour ◽  
Lucas A. Cernusak ◽  
David Whitehead ◽  
Kevin L. Griffin ◽  
Matthew H. Turnbull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Composition ◽  
Flux Model ◽  
The One

Variation in the oxygen isotope composition of within-canopy CO2 has potential to allow partitioning of the ecosystem respiratory flux into above- and below-ground components. Recent theoretical work has highlighted the sensitivity of the oxygen isotope composition of leaf-respired CO2 (δRl) to nocturnal stomatal conductance. When the one-way flux model was tested on Ricinus communis L. large enrichments in δRl were observed. However, most species for which the isotope flux partitioning technique has been or would be applied (i.e. temperate tree species) are much more conservative users of water than R. communis. So, high stomatal conductance and very high enrichment of δRl observed may not be typical for temperate tree species. Using existing gas-exchange measurements on six temperate tree species, we demonstrate significant water loss through stomata for all species (i.e. statistically significantly greater than cuticular loss alone) at some time for some leaves during the night. δRl values predicted by the one-way flux model revealed that δRl might be very much more enriched than when the net flux alone is considered, particularly close to sunrise and sunset. Incorporation of the one-way flux model into ecosystem respiration partitioning studies will affect model outputs and interpretation of variation in the oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric CO2.

Stable carbon and oxygen isotope variability of modern pollen from nine abundant European tree species.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Müller ◽  
Manja Hethke ◽  
Frank Riedel ◽  
Gerhard Helle
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotope

<p>A detailed understanding of the carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of modern pollen is crucial for the interpretation of fossil δ<sup>13</sup>C<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub><em>pollen</em> </sub>values. To broaden our knowledge of pollen-isotope ratios we investigated the isotope ranges of nine abundant tree species from central and northern Europe (vegetation periods 2015 and 2016).</p><p>In general, the isotope values of modern pollen are highly species-specific and yield site-specific patterns. Trees of different locations revealed distinct δ<sup>13</sup>C<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> patterns for maritime and continental growing conditions and for high and low altitudes. Furthermore, pollen-isotope ratios reflect the time of blossoming. δ<sup>13</sup>C<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> values of broad-leaved species flowering before leaf proliferation (Janurary to March; <em>Alnus glutinosa</em> and <em>Corylus avellana</em>) are on average 2.6‰ lower in comparison to broad-leaved and coniferous trees flowering during late spring and early summer (April to June; <em>Acer pseudoplatanus</em>, <em>Betula pendula</em>, <em>Carpinus betulus</em>, <em>Fagus sylvatica</em>, <em>Picea abies</em>, <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> and <em>Quercus robur</em>). δ<sup>18</sup>O<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> values yielded similar results, which are on average 3.1‰ lower for species flowering early in the year. An intra-annual analysis of Betula pendula and Pinus sylvestris pollen revealed increased δ<sup>18</sup>O<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> values during the last stages of pollen-maturation, whereas δ<sup>13</sup>C<em><sub>pollen </sub></em>values of both species remain consistent during late pollen development. Additionally, pollen-isotope values vary markedly within individual trees. Circumferential and height-dependent variations within single trees can be as high as 3.5‰ for δ<sup>13</sup>C<em><sub>pollen</sub></em> and 2.1‰ for δ<sup>18</sup>O<em><sub>pollen</sub></em>.</p><p>Our results suggest that local environmental conditions are generally reflected in the carbon and oxygen pollen-isotopes, but some species seem to reflect the conditions more closely than others. The data indicate that it may even be feasible to reconstruct intra-annual climate conditions by analysing isotopes of species whose pollen develop during different seasons throughout the year.</p>

Individual leaf area estimations of a dioecious tropical tree species Carpotroche brasiliensis (Raddi) A. Gray, Achariaceae

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ediófila Brito-Rocha ◽  
Letícia dos Anjos ◽  
Ana Cristina Schilling ◽  
Ândrea Carla Dalmolin ◽  
Marcelo S. Mielke
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Individual Leaf ◽  
Tropical Tree Species

scholarly journals Regression models for estimating leaf area of seedlings and adult individuals of Neotropical rainforest tree species

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brito-Rocha ◽  
A. C. Schilling ◽  
L. Dos Anjos ◽  
D. Piotto ◽  
A. C. Dalmolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Individual Leaf ◽  
Ontogenetic Stages ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Symphonia Globulifera ◽  
Neotropical Rainforest

Abstract Individual leaf area (LA) is a key variable in studies of tree ecophysiology because it directly influences light interception, photosynthesis and evapotranspiration of adult trees and seedlings. We analyzed the leaf dimensions (length – L and width – W) of seedlings and adults of seven Neotropical rainforest tree species (Brosimum rubescens, Manilkara maxima, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria torta, Psidium cattleyanum, Symphonia globulifera and Tabebuia stenocalyx) with the objective to test the feasibility of single regression models to estimate LA of both adults and seedlings. In southern Bahia, Brazil, a first set of data was collected between March and October 2012. From the seven species analyzed, only two (P. cattleyanum and T. stenocalyx) had very similar relationships between LW and LA in both ontogenetic stages. For these two species, a second set of data was collected in August 2014, in order to validate the single models encompassing adult and seedlings. Our results show the possibility of development of models for predicting individual leaf area encompassing different ontogenetic stages for tropical tree species. The development of these models was more dependent on the species than the differences in leaf size between seedlings and adults.

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Boreas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Chlachula ◽  
Rob Kemp ◽  
Catherine Jessen ◽  
Adrian Palmer ◽  
Phillip Toms
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Loess Region

Purification of plasma membranes from leaves of conifer and deciduous tree species by phase partitioning and free-flow electrophoresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Toll ◽  
Federico J. Castillo ◽  
Pierre Crespi ◽  
Michele Crevecoeur ◽  
Hubert Greppin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Phase Partitioning

Abscisic acid levels of individual leaf cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enno Brinckmann ◽  
Wolfram Hartung ◽  
Margarete Wartinger
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Individual Leaf

Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) Canker or Dieback in Trees

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paez ◽  
Jason A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quercus Spp

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009).  Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).

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