scholarly journals Release of resource constraints allows greater carbon allocation to secondary metabolites and storage in winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbei Huang ◽  
Almuth Hammerbacher ◽  
Lenka Forkelová ◽  
Henrik Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Representing winter wheat in the Community Land Model (version 4.5)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1873-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Lu ◽  
Ian N. Williams ◽  
Justin E. Bagley ◽  
Margaret S. Torn ◽  
Lara M. Kueppers
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
The Us

Abstract. Winter wheat is a staple crop for global food security, and is the dominant vegetation cover for a significant fraction of Earth's croplands. As such, it plays an important role in carbon cycling and land–atmosphere interactions in these key regions. Accurate simulation of winter wheat growth is not only crucial for future yield prediction under a changing climate, but also for accurately predicting the energy and water cycles for winter wheat dominated regions. We modified the winter wheat model in the Community Land Model (CLM) to better simulate winter wheat leaf area index, latent heat flux, net ecosystem exchange of CO2, and grain yield. These included schemes to represent vernalization as well as frost tolerance and damage. We calibrated three key parameters (minimum planting temperature, maximum crop growth days, and initial value of leaf carbon allocation coefficient) and modified the grain carbon allocation algorithm for simulations at the US Southern Great Plains ARM site (US-ARM), and validated the model performance at eight additional sites across North America. We found that the new winter wheat model improved the prediction of monthly variation in leaf area index, reduced latent heat flux, and net ecosystem exchange root mean square error (RMSE) by 41 and 35 % during the spring growing season. The model accurately simulated the interannual variation in yield at the US-ARM site, but underestimated yield at sites and in regions (northwestern and southeastern US) with historically greater yields by 35 %.

scholarly journals Carbon allocation to growth and storage in two evergreen species of contrasting successional status

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida I. Piper ◽  
Paulina Sepúlveda ◽  
Angela Bustos-Salazar ◽  
Alejandra Zúñiga-Feest
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Successional Status ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Increasing carbon availability stimulates growth and secondary metabolites via modulation of phytohormones in winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1251-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbei Huang ◽  
Michael Reichelt ◽  
Somak Chowdhury ◽  
Almuth Hammerbacher ◽  
Henrik Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Availability

scholarly journals A Review of Tannins in Berries

Agricultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Barbara Bernjak ◽  
Janja Kristl
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Hydrolysable Tannins ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Tannins are a group of polyphenolic compounds synthesized and accumulated by higher plants as secondary metabolites. They are divided into hydrolysable tannins and proanthocyanidins and are found in many plant tissues in which they occur in diverse structures and amounts. This review provides a brief background on tannin distribution in plants, and summarizes the current literature on tannins in strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, currently the most commonly cultivated and consumed berries, and chokeberries, which have become popular in the last decades. The effects of processing and storage on tannin composition and levels in processed products are also provided.

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