scholarly journals Establishing temperate crustose early Holocene coralline algae as archives for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the shallow water habitats of the Mediterranean Sea

Palaeontology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Ragazzola ◽  
Annalisa Caragnano ◽  
Daniela Basso ◽  
Daniela N. Schmidt ◽  
Jan Fietzke
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Reconstructions ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The Culturable Mycobiome of Mesophotic Agelas oroides: Constituents and Changes Following Sponge Transplantation to Shallow Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Eyal Ben-Dor Cohen ◽  
Micha Ilan ◽  
Oded Yarden
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Dynamic Components ◽  
In Vitro Interactions

Marine sponges harbor a diverse array of microorganisms and the composition of the microbial community has been suggested to be linked to holo-biont health. Most of the attention concerning sponge mycobiomes has been given to sponges present in shallow depths. Here, we describe the presence of 146 culturable mycobiome taxa isolated from mesophotic niche (100 m depth)-inhabiting samples of Agelas oroides, in the Mediterranean Sea. We identify some potential in vitro interactions between several A. oroides-associated fungi and show that sponge meso-hyl extract, but not its predominantly collagen-rich part, is sufficient to support hyphal growth. We demonstrate that changes in the diversity of culturable mycobiome constituents occur following sponge transplantation from its original mesophotic habitat to shallow (10 m) waters, where historically (60 years ago) this species was found. We conclude that among the 30 fungal genera identified as associated with A. oroides, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma constitute the core mycobiome of A. oroides, and that they persist even when the sponge is transplanted to a suboptimal environment, indicative of the presence of constant, as well as dynamic, components of the sponge mycobiome. Other genera seemed more depth-related and appeared or disappeared upon host’s transfer from 100 to 10 m.

scholarly journals Growth rate rather than temperature affects the B / Ca ratio in the calcareous red alga <i>Lithothamnion corallioides</i>

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Piazza ◽  
Valentina A. Bracchi ◽  
Antonio Langone ◽  
Agostino N. Meroni ◽  
Daniela Basso
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. The B / Ca ratio in calcareous marine species is informative of past seawater CO32− concentrations, but scarce data exist on B / Ca in coralline algae (CA). Recent studies suggest influences of temperature and growth rates on B / Ca, the effect of which could be critical for the reconstructions of surface ocean pH and atmospheric pCO2. In this paper, we present the first LA-ICP-MS analyses of Mg, Sr, Li and B in the CA Lithothamnion corallioides collected from different geographic settings and depths across the Mediterranean Sea and in the Atlantic Ocean. We produced the first data on temperature proxies (Mg, Li and Sr / Ca) and B / Ca in a CA species grown in different Basins (the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean), from shallow to deep waters (12 m, 40 m, 45 m and 66 m depth). We tested the B / Ca correlation with temperature proxies and growth rates, in order to evaluate their possible effect on B incorporation. Our results showed a growth rate influence on B / Ca, especially in the deepest sample (Pontian Isl., Italy; 66 m) and in the shallowest sample (Morlaix, Atlantic coast of France; 12 m), where the growth rates were respectively 0.11 mm/yr and 0.13 mm/yr and the B / Ca was respectively 462.8 ± 49.2 μmol/mol and 726.9 ± 102.8 μmol/mol. A positive correlation between B / Ca and the temperature proxies was found only in Morlaix, where the seasonal temperature variation (ΔT) was the highest (8.90 °C). These pieces of evidence suggest that growth rates, triggered by the different ΔT and light availability across depth, affect the B incorporation in L. corallioides.

Long-term monitoring of space competition among fluorescent and nonfluorescent sea anemones in the Mediterranean Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Wiedenmann ◽  
Alexandra Leutenegger ◽  
Silke Gundel ◽  
Florian Schmitt ◽  
Cecilia D'Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Competition For Space ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Term Monitoring ◽  
Space Competition

The competition for space among fluorescent and nonfluorescent Anemonia species was monitored in the Mediterranean Sea in order to see whether the fluorescent species A. sulcata var. smaragdina was a better competitor in shallow water habitats. Over a period of 11 years, A. sulcata var. smaragdina convincingly out competed the nonfluorescent A. rustica. We thereby found support for the notion that the GFP-like pigments may increase competitive ability in anthozoans.

scholarly journals Crustaceans and Marine Heterobranchia: A New Symbiotic Relationship in the Mediterranean Sea

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Giulia Furfaro ◽  
Michele Solca ◽  
Paolo Mariottini
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pea Crab ◽  
Small Crustacean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Solar Powered

The “solar-powered” Elysia timida (Risso, 1818) is an endemic Mediterranean sacoglossan living in rocky substrates at shallow water. During a scuba dive, one E. timida was photographed and collected. The observation revealed the presence of a small crustacean of the Pinnotheridae family. It was not possible to assign the crustacean to a genus, but it shares typical ecological and external morphological features with other Pinnotherinae species. This is the first report of a pea crab hosted by a non-shelled Heterobranchia and the first case of a symbiotic association between crustaceans and marine Heterobranchia reported in the Mediterranean Sea.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Hydrolithon rupestre (Corallinaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta): first report from the Mediterranean Sea

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 224 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Wolf ◽  
G. W. Maneveldt ◽  
S. Kaleb ◽  
I. Moro ◽  
A. Falace
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Reproductive Material ◽  
The Mediterranean

The genera Hydrolithon and Porolithon are the most discussed taxa of non-geniculate Corallinaceae, as well as the most poorly known. Anatomical observations based usually on thallus construction, number of epithallial cell layers, trichocyte arrangement, occurrence of vegetative filaments between the trichocytes, and presence/absence of cell fusions and secondary pit connections led to different interpretations mainly due to the lack of available reproductive material from type specimens. Recently molecular surveys on the phylogeny of the Corallinales supported the hypothesis of considering Hydrolithon and Porolithon as two distinct genera but, up to now, several taxonomic questions remain in part unanswered. For these reasons identification of species belonging to these genera is still very difficult and can often lead to misidentification of taxa. In this study we report the discovery of a species of the Hydrolithon group found along the coast of Vis Island, Croatia, Adriatic Sea. Samples were identified through morpho-anatomical examinations and the phylogenetic position of this species was investigated through molecular analyses based on the nuclear nSSU and the plastidial psbA markers. This finding represents the first report for the Mediterranean Sea of Hydrolithon rupestre, one of the few encrusting coralline algae reported to overgrow live corals. The species can represent a possible threat to populations of Adriatic scleractinian corals.

scholarly journals Bryozoan diversity in the Mediterranean Sea: an update

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ROSSO ◽  
E. Di MARTINO
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Current View ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Mediterranean Habitats ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
A Current ◽  
The Eu

This paper provides a current view of the bryozoan biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea updating the checklist by Rosso (2003). Bryozoans presently living in the Mediterranean increase to 556 species, 212 genera and 93 families. Cheilostomes largely prevail (424 species, 159 genera and 64 families) followed by cyclostomes (75 species, 26 genera and 11 families) and ctenostomes (57 species, 27 genera and 18 families). Few families and genera make the bulk of this biodiversity whereas one third of families are monospecific. The number of species-rank taxa has increased by 81 in the last dozen years but most of these additions relate to the revision of material from old collections and to the introduction of non-indigenous species. Most of the bryozoan diversity is distributed in the coralligenous and dark and semi-dark cave biocoenoses followed by detritic bottoms. Diversity lowers in shallow-water vegetated bottoms and in bathyal habitats. Further increase in diversity is expected from investigation of still poorly known areas and habitats and the need for rapid assessment is remarked on in view of the management of Mediterranean habitats through the EU Marine Strategy Directive.

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