scholarly journals Potential protective effects of breast milk and amniotic fluid against novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 through decoy receptors.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Rees ◽  
Stephen Turner ◽  
Catherine Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Decoy Receptors ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

scholarly journals Amniotic fluid stem cells ameliorate cisplatin-induced acute renal failure through induction of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Minocha ◽  
Rohit Anthony Sinha ◽  
Manali Jain ◽  
Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi ◽  
Soniya Nityanand
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells

Abstract Background We have recently demonstrated that amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) express renal progenitor markers and can be differentiated in vitro into renal lineage cell types, viz, juxtaglomerular and renal proximal tubular epithelial-like cells. Here, we have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of AFSC in a cisplatin-induced rat model of acute renal failure (ARF) and investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for their renoprotective effects. Methods ARF was induced in Wistar rats by intra-peritoneal injection of cisplatin (7 mg/kg). Five days after cisplatin injection, rats were randomized into two groups and injected with either AFSC or normal saline intravenously. On days 8 and 12 after cisplatin injection, the blood biochemical parameters, histopathological changes, apoptosis and expression of pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy-related proteins in renal tissues were studied in both groups of rats. To further confirm whether the protective effects of AFSC on cisplatin-induced apoptosis were dependent on autophagy, chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, was administered by the intra-peritoneal route. Results Administration of AFSC in ARF rats resulted in improvement of renal function and attenuation of renal damage as reflected by significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels, tubular cell apoptosis as assessed by Bax/Bcl2 ratio, and expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, viz, PUMA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9, as compared to the saline-treated group. Furthermore, in the AFSC-treated group as compared to the saline-treated group, there was a significant increase in the activation of autophagy as evident by increased expression of LC3-II, ATG5, ATG7, Beclin1, and phospho-AMPK levels with a concomitant decrease in phospho-p70S6K and p62 expression levels. Chloroquine administration led to significant reduction in the anti-apoptotic effects of the AFSC therapy and further deterioration in the renal structure and function caused by cisplatin. Conclusion AFSC led to amelioration of cisplatin-induced ARF which was mediated by inhibition of apoptosis and activation of autophagy. The protective effects of AFSC were blunted by chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, highlighting that activation of autophagy is an important mechanism of action for the protective role of AFSC in cisplatin-induced renal injury.

Host Factors in Amniotic Fluid and Breast Milk that Contribute to Gut Maturation

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol L. Wagner ◽  
Sarah N. Taylor ◽  
Donna Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Gut Maturation

scholarly journals Detectable Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Human Breast Milk of a Mildly Symptomatic Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C K Tam ◽  
Kathleen M Ly ◽  
Max L Kernich ◽  
Nicola Spurrier ◽  
Diana Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Symptomatic Patient ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus and causative pathogen to the pandemic illness COVID-19. Although RNA has been detected in various clinical samples, no reports to date have documented SARS-CoV-2 in human milk. This case report describes an actively breastfeeding patient with COVID-19 infection with detectable viral RNA in human milk.

Possibility of breastfeeding support during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of world and Russian protocols

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
O.L. Lukoyanova ◽  
◽  
T.E. Borovik ◽  
A.P. Fisenko ◽  
V.A. Skvortsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
Expressed Breast Milk ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Current Guidelines

The review analyses the available literature on the main principles of breastfeeding support in cases of confirmed/suspected novel coronavirus infection in breastfeeding mothers. Various approaches to management of mother and baby in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic have been studied that found reflection in the protocols of the World Health Organization, Chinese, American and European medical communities. The evolution of Russian recommendations is analysed. A rationale is offered for the current guidelines on temporary mother-child separation in the healthcare settings when maternal COVID-19 is suspected/confirmed and on the organization of infant feeding with expressed maternal milk. The literature on the nutritional and biological value and the safety of expressed breast milk stored in various conditions is reviewed. Practical advice is given on organization of an individual breast milk bank at home. Key words: breastfeeding, breast milk, individual milk bank, coronavirus infection, newborns, COVID-19 pandemic, breast milk expression

scholarly journals Umbilical cord vascular thrombosis: literature review and two clinical cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Iu. Iupatov ◽  
T. E. Kurmanbaev ◽  
I. R. Galimova ◽  
A. T. Khaertdinov ◽  
R. R. Mukhametova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Intrauterine Infections

Thrombosis of the umbilical cord vessels is a rare complication of pregnancy, combined with a high level of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Among the risk factors for the development of thrombosis of the vessels of the umbilical cord are anomalies of vascular attachment (meningeal attachment), pathology of the umbilical cord (hyperspiralization, short or long umbilical cord), intrauterine infections, diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia in the mother, as well as the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid. The article presents two clinical observations of umbilical vein thrombosis at full-term pregnancy. In both cases, during pregnancy and childbirth, there were no signs of umbilical cord pathology according to cardiotocography and Doppler, despite this, the birth of children in a state of hypoxia. Both newborns were transferred to the second stage of treatment due to suspected intrauterine pneumonia. Of the risk factors for thrombosis of the umbilical cord vessels in the above examples, it is possible to distinguish the sheathing of the umbilical cord vessels, intrauterine infections, in the second case, the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid. During pregnancy, both patients underwent a clinically confirmed novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the second trimester of gestation, and were also in contact with patients with COVID-19 in the third trimester of gestation. It is likely that endothelial damage caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was one of the risk factors for the development of umbilical vein thrombosis, but this issue requires further research.

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