Residual radicular cyst: A remnant or a distinct entity? Reigniting the debate

Oral Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Haridas Upadya ◽  
Joyce P. Sequeira ◽  
Jijy James ◽  
Hari Kishore Bhat ◽  
Vinayakrishna Kolari
Keyword(s):  
Radicular Cyst ◽  
Distinct Entity

Comment on “Lipoatrophia semicircularis – a distinct entity?”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariabeatrice Bertolani ◽  
Sonia Mele ◽  
Roberta Manuguerra ◽  
Michele M. Dominici ◽  
Torello Lotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Entity

YAP1‐TFE3 Gene Fusion Variant in Clear Cell Stromal Tumor of Lung: Report of Two Cases in Support of a Distinct Entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine K. Dermawan ◽  
Elizabeth M. Azzato ◽  
Jesse K. McKenney ◽  
Bernadette Liegl‐Atzwanger ◽  
Brian P. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Fusion ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Stromal Tumor ◽  
Distinct Entity

scholarly journals Defining the Rhizobium leguminosarum Species Complex

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peter W. Young ◽  
Sara Moeskjær ◽  
Alexey Afonin ◽  
Praveen Rahi ◽  
Marta Maluk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Natural Unit ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Core Genes

Bacteria currently included in Rhizobium leguminosarum are too diverse to be considered a single species, so we can refer to this as a species complex (the Rlc). We have found 429 publicly available genome sequences that fall within the Rlc and these show that the Rlc is a distinct entity, well separated from other species in the genus. Its sister taxon is R. anhuiense. We constructed a phylogeny based on concatenated sequences of 120 universal (core) genes, and calculated pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) between all genomes. From these analyses, we concluded that the Rlc includes 18 distinct genospecies, plus 7 unique strains that are not placed in these genospecies. Each genospecies is separated by a distinct gap in ANI values, usually at approximately 96% ANI, implying that it is a ‘natural’ unit. Five of the genospecies include the type strains of named species: R. laguerreae, R. sophorae, R. ruizarguesonis, “R. indicum” and R. leguminosarum itself. The 16S ribosomal RNA sequence is remarkably diverse within the Rlc, but does not distinguish the genospecies. Partial sequences of housekeeping genes, which have frequently been used to characterize isolate collections, can mostly be assigned unambiguously to a genospecies, but alleles within a genospecies do not always form a clade, so single genes are not a reliable guide to the true phylogeny of the strains. We conclude that access to a large number of genome sequences is a powerful tool for characterizing the diversity of bacteria, and that taxonomic conclusions should be based on all available genome sequences, not just those of type strains.

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