Percutaneous exposure incidents: a review of practice and awareness of current protocols at a Dental Faculty

Oral Surgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e80-e87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Siddiqi ◽  
M.I. K Niazi ◽  
H. De Silva ◽  
N. Firth ◽  
P. Konthasingha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Exposure

Percutaneous exposure to the nerve agent VX: Efficacy of combined atropine, obidoxime and diazepam treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marloes J.A. Joosen ◽  
Marcel J. van der Schans ◽  
Herman P.M. van Helden
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agent ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure

Clinical manifestations of VX poisoning following percutaneous exposure in the domestic white pig

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Chilcott ◽  
C H Dalton ◽  
I Hill ◽  
C M Davidson ◽  
K L Blohm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lateral Diffusion ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Skin Model ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure ◽  
Qualitative Relationship

Nerve agents are a class of organophosphorus chemicals that inhibit certain cholinesterase enzymes (ChE). If untreated, percutaneous exposure to nerve agents, such as VX (O-ethyl-S-[2(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate) can cause paralysis, apnoea and death. Much of the information concerning the percutaneous absorption and subsequent toxicity of nerve agents has been obtained using various rodent models. However, the most relevant ‘skin model’ is arguably the pig. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the clinical manifestations of VX intoxication in the domestic white pig following a 2 LD50 (120 mg/kg) percutaneous challenge. There was a consistent onset of signs (where present) in each animal: mastication was followed by miosis, salivation, fasciculations and apnoea. Whilst ChE activity did not correlate with the onset of signs, there was a qualitative relationship in that mastication preceded substantial ChE inhibition, miosis lagged behind the linear decrease in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and fasciculations and apnoea occurred after maximum ChE inhibition had been attained (5 / 10% of normal). These observations may be of use for the triage of patients exposed to VX. In comparison with similar studies with GD, VX did not affect glucose utilization. However, VX was similar to GD in that it caused a mild hyperkalaemia and hyperphosphataemia, although the significance of this observation was not clear. There was substantial lateral diffusion of the initial droplet of VX over the application site, indicating that, when decontaminating exposed skin, attention should also be directed to areas peripheral to the original site of exposure.

Comparison of local neurotoxicity of three white spirit formulations by percutaneous exposure of rat tail nerve

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvi Verkkala ◽  
Pirkko Pfäffli ◽  
H. Savolainen
Keyword(s):  
White Spirit ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure ◽  
Rat Tail

Percutaneous exposure to high-dose hapten induces systemic immunosuppression through the inhibition of dendritic cell migration

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Saito ◽  
Akihiko Kitoh ◽  
Sho Hanakawa ◽  
Takashi Nomura ◽  
Yoshiki Miyachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Systemic Immunosuppression ◽  
Dendritic Cell Migration ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure

scholarly journals Female rats are less susceptible during puberty to the lethal effects of percutaneous exposure to VX

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnzi K.M. Wright ◽  
Robyn B. Lee ◽  
Edward D. Clarkson ◽  
Lucille A. Lumley
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure

Percutaneous exposure resulting in laboratory-acquired leptospirosis – a case report

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Sugunan ◽  
K Natarajaseenivasan ◽  
P Vijayachari ◽  
S C Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Laboratory Worker ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure

A screw-capped glass tube containing a Leptospira culture accidentally broke and the laboratory worker who was handling the tube sustained a cut on his hand. The wound was flooded with the culture. The culture was that of strain MG 347 belonging to serovar Australis recovered from a patient, and it had undergone 52 passages in Ellinghausen McCullough Johnson Harris medium. The laboratory worker developed a headache 21 days after the accident and became febrile the next day. He was hospitalized for 5 days and was treated initially with doxycycline and later with ciprofloxacin. A blood sample collected on the second day of illness, after starting doxycycline therapy, yielded leptospires and the isolate, HZ 651, was identified as serovar Australis. Monoclonal antibody patterns and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting patterns of the isolate and strain MG 347 were identical, thus indicating that HZ 651 and MG 347 were clonal.

scholarly journals Pengendalian Bahaya Fisik pada Pekerjaan Dokter Gigi

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Juliatri
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Physical Hazards ◽  
Hazard Control ◽  
Percutaneous Exposure ◽  
Control Hierarchy

Abstract: Dentists are at risk of experiencing a number of occupational hazards including physical hazards. Potential physical hazards include noise, lighting, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, percutaneous exposure incident (PEI), and extreme temperatures. Efforts to control physical hazards based on the hierarchy of hazard control in the work of dentists are substitution, engineering, administration, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).Keywords: physical hazards, hazard control hierarchy Abstrak: Dokter gigi merupakan salah satu profesi yang berisiko mengalami sejumlah bahaya akibat pekerjaan, termasuk bahaya fisik. Potensi bahaya fisik antara lain kebisingan, pencahayaan, radiasi ionisasi dan nonionisasi, percutaneous exposure incident (PEI), dan suhu ekstrim. Upaya pengendalian bahaya fisik berdasarkan hierarki pengendalian bahaya pada pekerjaan dokter gigi yaitu substitusi, rekayasa engineering, administrasi, dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD).Kata kunci: bahaya fisik, hierarki pengendalian bahaya

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document