scholarly journals Comparison between estimated and measured myopia progression in Hong Kong children without myopia control intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370
Author(s):  
Yajing Yang ◽  
Sin Wan Cheung ◽  
Pauline Cho ◽  
Stephen J Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
Myopia Control

scholarly journals Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212199896
Author(s):  
János Németh ◽  
Beáta Tapasztó ◽  
Wagih A Aclimandos ◽  
Philippe Kestelyn ◽  
Jost B Jonas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Pathological Myopia ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Myopia Control

The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

scholarly journals Myopia control effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lens in Chinese children: results of a 3-year follow-up study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317664
Author(s):  
Carly SY Lam ◽  
Wing Chun Tang ◽  
Paul H Lee ◽  
Han Yu Zhang ◽  
Hua Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Historical Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Myopia Control

AimsTo determine myopia progression in children who continued to wear the defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) lenses or switched from single vision (SV) to DIMS lenses for a 1-year period following a 2-year myopia control trial.Methods128 children participated in this study. The children who had worn DIMS lenses continued to wear DIMS lenses (DIMS group), and children who had worn SV lenses switched to wear DIMS lenses (Control-to-DIMS group). Cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) were measured at 6-month interval. Historical controls were age matched to the DIMS group at 24 months and used for comparing the third-year changes.ResultsOver 3 years, SER and AL changes in the DIMS group (n=65) were −0.52±0.69D and 0.31±0.26 mm; these changes were not statistically significant over time (repeated measures analysis of variance, p>0.05).SER (−0.04±0. 38D) and AL (0.08±0.12 mm) changes in the Control-to-DIMS group (n=55) in the third year were less compared with the first (mean difference=0.45 ± 0.30D, 0.21±0.11 mm, p<0.001) and second (0.34±0.30D, 0.12±0.10 mm, p<0.001) years.Changes in SER and AL in both groups over that period were significantly less than in the historical control group (DIMS vs historical control: mean difference=−0.18±0.42D, p=0.012; 0.08±0.15 mm, p=0.001; Control-to-DIMS versus historical control: adjusted mean differences=−0.30±0.42D, p<0.001; 0.12±0.16 mm, p<0.001).ConclusionsMyopia control effect was sustained in the third year in children who had used the DIMS spectacles in the previous 2 years and was also shown in the children switching from SV to DIMS lenses.

scholarly journals Myopia Control with Combination Low-Dose Atropine and Peripheral Defocus Soft Contact Lenses: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
pp. 548-554
Author(s):  
Nir Erdinest ◽  
Naomi London ◽  
Nadav Levinger ◽  
Yair Morad
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Concentric Circle ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Center Distance ◽  
Myopia Control

The goal of this retrospective case series is to demonstrate the effectivity of combination low-dose atropine therapy with peripheral defocus, double concentric circle design with a center distance soft contact lenses at controlling myopia progression over 1 year of treatment. Included in this series are 3 female children aged 8–10 years with progressing myopia averaging −4.37 ± 0.88 D at the beginning of treatment. Their average annual myopic progression during the 3 years prior to therapy was 1.12 ± 0.75 D. They had not attempted any myopia control treatments prior to this therapy. The children were treated with a combination of 0.01% atropine therapy with spherical peripheral defocus daily replacement soft lenses MiSight<sup>®</sup> 1 day (Cooper Vision, Phoenix, AZ, USA). They underwent cycloplegic refraction, and a slit-lamp evaluation every 6 months which confirmed no adverse reactions or staining was present. Each of the 3 children exhibited an average of 0.25 ± 0.25 D of myopia progression at the end of 1 year of treatment. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first published study exhibiting that combining low-dose atropine and peripheral defocus soft contact lenses is effective at controlling children’s moderate to severe myopia progression during 1 year of therapy.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Myopia Control Influence on Quality of Life and Psyche among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3920
Author(s):  
Andrzej Michalski ◽  
Małgorzata Rogaczewska ◽  
Magdalena Maleszka-Kurpiel ◽  
Marcin Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Near Work ◽  
Myopia Control

Myopia is a global problem affecting all aspects of patients’ lives. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of low dose atropine (LDA) myopia control on the quality of life in patients with myopia. Material and Methods: A self-constructed questionnaire, including eight questions, was distributed among 40 patients. The questionnaire was divided into two subsections: (1) influence of LDA on visual functions and (2) influence of LDA on self-esteem. Answers were collected separately for boys (18 patients) and girls (22 patients) and compared considering spherical equivalent (SE) and myopia progression rate. Results: Girls reported more issues with near activities and pupil size. Boys and girls complained similarly, regarding the sun glare. We found a high level of certainty about the efficacy of LDA therapy among both examined groups and a little improvement in self-esteem. Girls recommended LDA therapy more often than boys, especially when the progression rate was low. There was no statistically significant difference in answer scores between groups with different myopia progression rates for boys. Girls with lower progression rates reported more issues with near work and sun glare and less trust in LDA therapy’s effectiveness than girls with a higher progression rate. There was no statistically significant correlation between SE and the total answer score for both genders. Conclusions: Findings concerning childrens’ and adolescents’ psyche are a new aspect of myopia control. We prove that patients during pharmacological myopia control did not report significant problems caused by LDA therapy and they were convinced about its efficacy, had greater self-esteem, and recommended it to peers.

A comparison of myopia control perceptions between parents in UK and Hong Kong

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. S33
Author(s):  
Louis Dias ◽  
Noel Brennan ◽  
Anna Sulley
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Myopia Control ◽  
Control Perceptions

scholarly journals Modern optical methods of peripheral defocus correction

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Milash ◽  
M. V. Epishina ◽  
R. R. Toloraya
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Eye Growth ◽  
Retinal Periphery ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Spectacle Correction ◽  
Myopia Control

Experimental animal studies proved that by manipulating with the defocus one can slow down or speed up the eye growth. The leading mechanism among modern optical strategies of myopia progression treatment is to induce myopic defocus to retinal periphery or decrease the hyperopic defocus. This review sums up the data on peripheral refraction in orthokeratological, multifocal contact, and multifocal spectacle correction. The effectiveness of these methods in myopia control in children and teenagers is shown.

scholarly journals Orthokeratology and Low-Intensity Laser Therapy for Slowing the Progression of Myopia in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fen Xiong ◽  
Tian Mao ◽  
Hongfei Liao ◽  
Xiaoqin Hu ◽  
Lei Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Low Intensity Laser Therapy ◽  
Intensity Laser ◽  
Myopia Control

Orthokeratology (OK) is widely used to slow the progression of myopia. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) provides sufficient low energy to change the cellular function. This research is aimed at verifying the hypothesis that LLLT treatment could control myopia progression and comparing the abilities of OK lenses and LLLT to control the refractive error of myopia. Eighty-one children (81 eyes) who wore OK lenses, 74 children (74 eyes) who underwent LLLT treatment, and 74 children (74 eyes) who wore single-vision distance spectacles for 6 months were included. Changes in axial length (AL) were 0.23 ± 0.06   mm for children wearing spectacles, 0.06 ± 0.15   mm for children wearing OK lens, and − 0.06 ± 0.15   mm for children treated with LLLT for 6 months. Changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFChT) observed at the 6-month examination were − 16.84 ± 7.85   μ m , 14.98 ± 22.50   μ m , and 35.30 ± 31.75   μ m for the control group, OK group, and LLLT group, respectively. Increases in AL at 1 month and 6 months were significantly associated with age at LLLT treatment. Changes in AL were significantly correlated with the baseline spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and baseline AL in the OK and LLLT groups. Increases in SFChT at 1 month and 6 months were positively associated with age at enrolment for children wearing OK lens. At 6 months, axial elongation had decelerated in OK lens-wearers and LLLT-treated children. Slightly better myopia control was observed with LLLT treatment than with overnight OK lens-wearing. Evaluations of age, SER, and AL can enhance screening for high-risk myopia, improve the myopia prognosis, and help determine suitable control methods yielding the most benefits.

scholarly journals Analysis of tear film spatial instability for pediatric myopia under treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Hua Cho ◽  
Po-Chiung Fang ◽  
Hun-Ju Yu ◽  
Pei-Wen Lin ◽  
Hsiu-Mei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Spatial Instability ◽  
Film Instability ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Break Up ◽  
High Order Aberrations ◽  
Myopia Control

Abstract In Taiwan, the prevalence of myopia in children between 6 and 18 years old is over 80%, and high myopia accounts for over 20%, which turned out to be in the leading place worldwide. Orthokeratology and low-dose atropine are proven treatments to reduce myopia progression, though the potential corneal disturbances remain an issue in young populations. The alteration of the tear film is widely discussed but there is no consensus to date, so we aim to investigate the tear film spatial instability in children with myopia control using atropine or orthokeratology. Thirty-eight treatment-naïve participants and 126 myopic children under treatments were enrolled. The ocular surface homeostasis, spatial distribution of tear break-up, and high-order aberrations (HOAs) of the corneal surface were assessed. We found out that myopic children treated with either atropine or orthokeratology showed ocular surface homeostasis similar to that in treatment-naïve children. Nevertheless, children treated with orthokeratology presented higher HOAs (p < 0.00001) and a tendency of the first tear break-up zone at the inner half of the cornea (p = 0.04). This unique spatial instability of the tear film associated with myopia treatment might provide a more focused way of monitoring the pediatric tear film instability.

Myopiekontrolle: aktuelle Strategien

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
The Future ◽  
Progressive Myopia ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Myopia Control

Purpose. The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide and its long-term effects can have major impacts on eye health. Paediatric onset of myopia leads to a higher risk for developing high levels of myopia in adulthood. Slowing down or stopping myopia progression is an important task for the future. Material and Methods. Based on a literature review, the latest developments in the field of myopia control for children were summarized. The current study situation for orthokeratology, soft contact lenses, atropine therapy and spectacle lenses for the management of myopia is discussed in detail. Results. Results on the safety and effectiveness of orthokeratology and modified soft contact lenses are exceedingly consistent. Soft multifocal contact lenses, as well as newer spectacle lenses, recently received regulatory approval for myopia control. Studies on the administration of atropine recommend a dosage of 0.01 - 0.05 %. All methods slow down myopia progression and decrease axial length growth of the eye. Side effects, adverse events or discontinuation of treatment only occur in the rarest of cases. Orthokeratology and atropine continue to deliver the best results. Conclusion. From today’s perspective, carrying out myopia control can be recommended with great certainty. The choice of method depends on the individual requirements of each patient, with all methods offering success in reducing myopia progression. In the future, even more advanced contact lens geometries, more precise atropine dosages or improved optics of spectacle lenses will further increase the success of the treatment. Keywords. Progressive myopia, myopia control, children, contact lenses, atropine, spectacle lenses

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