Phosphorylation of major Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factors is crucial for their processing and secretion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Nowakowska ◽  
Mariusz Madej ◽  
Sylwia Grad ◽  
Tiansong Wang ◽  
Murray Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors

scholarly journals Expression of TNF, IL1B, and iNOS2 in the neural cell after induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis with and without coating antibody anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Endang Winiati Bachtiar ◽  
Citra F. Putri ◽  
Retno D. Soejoedono ◽  
Boy M. Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
The Brain

Porphyromonas gingivalis has virulence factors such as gingipain and lipopolysaccharide, causing bacteremia to reach the brain and activate neuroinflammatory release cytokines. This study analyzed the effect of the co-culture of neuron cells with P. gingivalis coated with anti-P. gingivalis antibodies against cytokines produced by neuron cells. The gene expressions of the TNF, IL1B, iNOS2 in neurons was evaluated using RT-qPCR. The results showed that P. gingivalis coated with anti-P. gingivalis antibody before co-culture with neuron cells could decrease the gene expression of TNF, IL1B, and iNOS2 of neuron cells.

Protective and Destructive Immunity in the Periodontium: Part 2—T-cell-mediated Immunity in the Periodontium

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-T.A. Teng
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Receptor Activator ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Based on the results of recent research in the field and Part 1 of this article (in this issue), the present paper will discuss the protective and destructive aspects of the T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity associated with the bacterial virulent factors or antigenic determinants during periodontal pathogenesis. Attention will be focused on: (i) osteoimmunology and periodontal disease; (ii) some molecular techniques developed and applied to identify critical microbial virulence factors or antigens associated with host immunity (with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis as the model species); and (iii) summarizing the identified virulence factors/antigens associated with periodontal immunity. Thus, further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the host’s T-cell-mediated immune responses and the critical microbial antigens related to disease pathogenesis will facilitate the development of novel therapeutics or protocols for future periodontal treatments. Abbreviations used in the paper are as follows: A. actinomycetemcomitans ( Aa), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans; Ab, antibody; DC, dendritic cells; mAb, monoclonal antibody; pAb, polyclonal antibody; OC, osteoclast; PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; P. gingivalis ( Pg), Porphyromonas gingivalis; RANK, receptor activator of NF-κB; RANKL, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand; OPG, osteoprotegerin; TCR, T-cell-receptors; TLR, Toll-like receptors.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Phosphoglycerol Dihydroceramide Produced by Periodontal Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki Yamada ◽  
Juliet Akkaoui ◽  
Anny Ho ◽  
Carolina Duarte ◽  
Richard Deth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Secretory Phenotype ◽  
Aβ42 Peptide

BackgroundAmong different types of sphingolipids produced by human cells, the possible engagement of ceramide species in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has attracted recent attention. While ceramides are primarily generated by de novo synthesis in mammalian cells, only a limited number of bacterial species, produce ceramides, including phosphoglycerol dihydroceramide (PGDHC) that is produced by the key periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Emerging evidence indicates that virulence factors produced by P. gingivalis, such as lipopolysaccharide and gingipain, may be engaged in the initiation and/or progression of AD. However, the potential role of PGDHC in the pathogenesis of AD remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of PGDHC on hallmark findings in AD.Material and MethodsCHO-7WD10 and SH-SY-5Y cells were exposed to PGDHC and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from P. gingivalis. Soluble Aβ42 peptide, amyloid precursor protein (APP), phosphorylated tau and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors were quantified using ELISA and Western blot assays. ResultsOur results indicate that P. gingivalis (Pg)-derived PGDHC, but not Pg-LPS, upregulated secretion of soluble Aβ42 peptide and expression of APP in CHO-7WD10 cells. Furthermore, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein was observed in SH-SY-5Y cells in response to PGDHC lipid. In contrast, Pg-LPS had little, or no significant effect on the tau phosphorylation induced in SH-SY-5Y cells. However, both PGDHC and Pg-LPS contributed to the senescence of SH-SY5Y cells as indicated by the production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers, including beta-galactosidase, cathepsin B (CtsB), and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and IL-6. Additionally, PGDHC diminished expression of the senescence-protection marker sirtuin-1 in SH-SY-5Y cells.ConclusionsAltogether, our results indicate that P. gingivalis-derived PGDHC ceramide promotes amyloidogenesis and hyperphosphorylation, as well as the production of SASP factors. Thus, PGDHC may represent a novel class of bacterial-derived virulence factors for AD associated with periodontitis.

Proteases and Collagenases of Porphyromonas Gingivalis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Kuramitsu ◽  
M. Yoneda ◽  
T. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Precursor Proteins ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Micro Organisms

Proteases expressed by Porphyromonas gingivalis have been considered as potential virulence factors for these periodontopathic micro-organisms. The introduction of molecular genetic approaches to study these enzymes has clearly demonstrated that these organisms are capable of expressing multiple distinct proteases. Several of these enzymes are apparently expressed as active proteolytic products following processing of larger precursor proteins. In addition, more recent data have suggested a close relationship between some of these enzymes and two other potential virulence factors of these organisms: hemagglutinins and collagenases.

scholarly journals In silico analysis as a strategy to identify candidate epitopes with human IgG reactivity to study Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factors

AMB Express ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Karla Nobre dos Santos-Lima ◽  
Kizzes Araújo Paiva Andrade Cardoso ◽  
Patrícia Mares de Miranda ◽  
Ana Carla Montino Pimentel ◽  
Paulo Cirino de Carvalho-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Human Igg ◽  
Silico Analysis

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbriae Function as One of Virulence Factors.

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigemasa HANAZAWA ◽  
Yukio MURAKAMI
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors

scholarly journals The Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis Virulence Factors in Periodontitis Immunopathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Tienneke Riana Septiwidyati ◽  
Endang Winiati Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Oral Bacterium

Porphyromonas gingivalis is an anaerobic Gram-negative oral bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontitis is an infection that is characterized by damage to the supporting tissues of the teeth so that it can cause tooth loss if not given treatment. P. gingivalis locally can invade periodontal tissue and avoid host defense mechanisms. This bacterium has virulence factors which can cause deregulation of innate immune responses and inflammation in the host. The role of P. gingivalis virulence factors such as capsules, fimbriae, lipopolysaccharides, and gingipain in the pathogenesis of periodontitis will be discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Sitagliptin Attenuates Porphyromonas Gingivalis Virulence and Inflammatory Response in Macrophage on Titanium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilong Tang ◽  
Minquan Du ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Han Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Flow Cytometry Assay ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract BackgroundIn peri-implantitis, porphyromonas gingivalis and macrophage play central roles. The aim of this study was to detect the attenuating effect of an anti-diabetic drug sitagliptin on porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and inflammatory response in macrophage on titanium discs. Materials and methodsPorphyromonas gingivalis and macrophage were cultured on titanium discs. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of sitagliptin were assessed and the morphology of porphyromonas gingivalis were observed by SEM. Bacterial early adhesion, aggregation, hemagglutination, hemolysis and porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factors mRNA expression were assessed to preliminarily investigate the mechanisms of action. Flow cytometry assay, qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of sitagliptin on porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage. ResultsThe present study demonstrated the inhibiting effect of sitagliptin on the growth, biofilm, phenotypic behavior and virulence factors of porphyromonas gingivalis and the protective effect on the porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced polarization in macrophage. And we also confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of sitagliptin on the secretion of inflammation-related factors in macrophage by inhibiting the MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. ConclusionsSitagliptin possesses the attenuating effect on porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and inflammatory response in porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage on titanium.

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