Experimental river noise alters arthropod abundance

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan G. E. Gomes ◽  
Cory A. Toth ◽  
Craig C. Bateman ◽  
Clinton D. Francis ◽  
Akito Y. Kawahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arthropod Abundance

Variation in arthropod abundance in barley under varying sowing regimes

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J.T. Douglas ◽  
Juliet A. Vickery ◽  
Tim G. Benton
Keyword(s):  
Arthropod Abundance

scholarly journals Vegetation Cover Drives Arthropod Communities in Mediterranean/Subtropical Green Roof Habitats

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Salman ◽  
Leon Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Habitat Template ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

Worldwide, urban areas are expanding both in size and number, which results in a decline in habitats suitable for urban flora and fauna. The construction of urban green features, such as green roofs, may provide suitable habitat patches for many species in urban areas. On green roofs, two approaches have been used to select plants—i.e., matching similar habitat to green roofs (habitat template approach) or identifying plants with suitable traits (plant trait approach). While both approaches may result in suitable habitats for arthropods, how arthropods respond to different combinations of plants is an open question. The aim of this study was to investigate how the structural complexity of different plant forms can affect the abundance and richness of arthropods on green roofs. The experimental design crossed the presence and absence of annuals with three Sedum sediforme (Jacq.) Pau (common name: stonecrops) treatments—i.e., uniformly disrupted Sedum, clumped disrupted Sedum, and no Sedum. We hypothesized that an increased structural diversity due to the coexistence of different life forms of plants on roofs is positively related to the abundance and richness of arthropods. We found that arthropod abundance and richness were positively associated with the percent of vegetation cover and negatively associated with substrate temperature. Neither arthropod abundance nor richness was influenced by the relative moisture of substrate. We also found that arthropod abundance and richness varied by green roof setups (treatments) and by seasonality. Arthropod abundance on green roofs was the highest in treatments with annuals only, while species richness was slightly similar between treatments containing annuals but varied between sampling periods. This study suggests that adding annuals to traditional Sedum roofs has positive effects on arthropods. This finding can support the development of biodiverse cities because most extensive green roofs are inaccessible to the public and can provide undisturbed habitat for several plant and arthropod species.

scholarly journals Aboveground impacts of a belowground invader: how invasive earthworms alter aboveground arthropod communities in a northern North American forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Jochum ◽  
Lise Thouvenot ◽  
Olga Ferlian ◽  
Romy Zeiss ◽  
Bernhard Klarner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Arthropod Communities ◽  
Earthworm Invasion ◽  
Invasive Earthworms ◽  
Invasion Impacts ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

AbstractDeclining arthropod communities have recently gained a lot of attention with climate and land-use change among the most-frequently discussed drivers. Here, we focus on a seemingly underrepresented driver of arthropod-community decline: biological invasions. For ∼12,000 years, earthworms have been absent from wide parts of northern North America, but they have been re-introduced with dramatic consequences. Most studies investigating earthworm-invasion impacts focus on the belowground world, resulting in limited knowledge on aboveground-community changes. We present observational data on earthworm, plant, and aboveground-arthropod communities in 60 plots, distributed across areas with increasing invasion status (low, medium, high) in a Canadian forest. We analyzed how earthworm-invasion status and biomass impact aboveground arthropod community abundance, biomass, and species richness, and how earthworm impacts cascade across trophic levels. We sampled ∼13,000 arthropods, dominated by Hemiptera, Diptera, Araneae, Thysanoptera, and Hymenoptera. Total arthropod abundance, biomass, and species richness declined significantly from areas of low to those with high invasion status with reductions of 61, 27, and 18%, respectively. Structural Equation Models unraveled that earthworms directly and indirectly impact arthropods across trophic levels. We show that earthworm invasion can alter aboveground multitrophic arthropod communities and suggest that belowground invasions can be important drivers of aboveground-arthropod decline.

Terrestrial arthropod abundance and phenology in the Canadian Arctic: modelling resource availability for Arctic-nesting insectivorous birds

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Bolduc ◽  
Nicolas Casajus ◽  
Pierre Legagneux ◽  
Laura McKinnon ◽  
H. Grant Gilchrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Bird Breeding ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

AbstractArctic arthropods are essential prey for many vertebrates, including birds, but arthropod populations and phenology are susceptible to climate change. The objective of this research was to model the relationship between seasonal changes in arthropod abundance and weather variables using data from a collaborative pan-Canadian (Southampton, Herschel, Bylot, and Ellesmere Islands) study on terrestrial arthropods. Arthropods were captured with passive traps that provided a combined measure of abundance and activity (a proxy for arthropod availability to foraging birds). We found that 70% of the deviance in daily arthropod availability was explained by three temperature covariates: mean daily temperature, thaw degree-day, and thaw degree-day2. Models had an adjusted R2 of 0.29–0.95 with an average among sites and arthropod families of 0.67. This indicates a moderate to strong fit to the raw data. The models for arthropod families with synchronous emergence, such as Tipulidae (Diptera), had a better fit (average adjusted R2 of 0.80) than less synchronous taxa, such as Araneae (R2 = 0.60). Arthropod abundance was typically higher in wet than in mesic habitats. Our models will serve as tools for researchers who want to correlate insectivorous bird breeding data to arthropod availability in the Canadian Arctic.

scholarly journals Climate-driven declines in arthropod abundance restructure a rainforest food web

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (44) ◽  
pp. E10397-E10406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford C. Lister ◽  
Andres Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Forest Arthropods ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

A number of studies indicate that tropical arthropods should be particularly vulnerable to climate warming. If these predictions are realized, climate warming may have a more profound impact on the functioning and diversity of tropical forests than currently anticipated. Although arthropods comprise over two-thirds of terrestrial species, information on their abundance and extinction rates in tropical habitats is severely limited. Here we analyze data on arthropod and insectivore abundances taken between 1976 and 2012 at two midelevation habitats in Puerto Rico’s Luquillo rainforest. During this time, mean maximum temperatures have risen by 2.0 °C. Using the same study area and methods employed by Lister in the 1970s, we discovered that the dry weight biomass of arthropods captured in sweep samples had declined 4 to 8 times, and 30 to 60 times in sticky traps. Analysis of long-term data on canopy arthropods and walking sticks taken as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research program revealed sustained declines in abundance over two decades, as well as negative regressions of abundance on mean maximum temperatures. We also document parallel decreases in Luquillo’s insectivorous lizards, frogs, and birds. While El Niño/Southern Oscillation influences the abundance of forest arthropods, climate warming is the major driver of reductions in arthropod abundance, indirectly precipitating a bottom-up trophic cascade and consequent collapse of the forest food web.

Arthropod Abundance and Community Structure in Adjacent Cotton and Alfalfa on the Texas High Plains

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Bastola ◽  
Megha N. Parajulee ◽  
Ram B. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Texas High Plains ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

scholarly journals Status and trends of terrestrial arthropod abundance and diversity in the North Atlantic region of the Arctic

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. K. Gillespie ◽  
Matthias Alfredsson ◽  
Isabel C. Barrio ◽  
Joseph J. Bowden ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Atlantic Region ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Status And Trends ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Arthropod Abundance
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