scholarly journals Patterns of genetic diversity vary among shoot and root functional traits in Norway spruce Picea abies along a latitudinal gradient

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti J. Salmela
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Root Functional Traits

scholarly journals Comparing the Effectiveness of Exome Capture Probes, Genotyping by Sequencing and Whole-Genome Re-Sequencing for Assessing Genetic Diversity in Natural and Managed Stands of Picea abies

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1185
Author(s):  
Helena Eklöf ◽  
Carolina Bernhardsson ◽  
Pär K. Ingvarsson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Complexity Reduction ◽  
Exome Capture ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Targeted Capture

Conifer genomes are characterized by their large size and high abundance of repetitive material, making large-scale genotyping in conifers complicated and expensive. One of the consequences of this is that it has been difficult to generate data on genome-wide levels of genetic variation. To date, researchers have mainly employed various complexity reduction techniques to assess genetic variation across the genome in different conifer species. These methods tend to capture variation in a relatively small subset of a typical conifer genome and it is currently not clear how representative such results are. Here we take advantage of data generated in the first large-scale re-sequencing effort in Norway spruce and assess how well two commonly used complexity reduction methods, targeted capture probes and genotyping by sequencing perform in capturing genome-wide variation in Norway spruce. Our results suggest that both methods perform reasonably well for assessing genetic diversity and population structure in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). Targeted capture probes were slightly more effective than GBS, likely due to them targeting known genomic regions whereas the GBS data contains a substantially greater fraction of repetitive regions, which sometimes can be problematic for assessing genetic diversity. In conclusion, both methods are useful for genotyping large numbers of samples and they greatly reduce the cost involved with genotyping a species with such a complex genome as Norway spruce.

scholarly journals Genetic differentiation of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees with diferent crown types from the mountain Golija

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislava Galovic ◽  
Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic ◽  
Robert Safhauzer ◽  
Dijana Cortan ◽  
Sasa Orlovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Primer Sets

The knowledge of genetic diversity degree of given species is of great importance for the successful process of breeding and genetic conservation. The aim of conducted research was to determine the genetic differentiation of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) genotypes with very specific narrow pyramidal and normal crown type, which grows at different altitude of the mountain Golija. For assessment of genetic similarities or differences between studied genotypes co-dominant microsatellite system had been used. This system has proven to be reliable and efficient in the genetic characterization of plant species. In total 22 primer sets have been tested, while 16 (73%) of them resulted in the successful yield of the amplified product. The analysis show that studied individuals had in total 130 alleles, in average 8.125 polymorphic alleles per each locus. The lowest polymorphism was detected in the locus EATC1D10, EATC1F03B and EATC2G09, while the highest level of polymorphism was detected in EATC2G08. Based on microsatellite date and similarity matrix, cluster analysis dendrogram indicates existence of the vertical differentiation of studied genotypes, which is consistent with results of previous Norway spruce studies.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of genetic diversity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) clonal seed orchards and seed stands

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12575
Author(s):  
Elena CIOCÎRLAN ◽  
Neculae ȘOFLETEA ◽  
Georgeta MIHAI ◽  
Maria TEODOSIU ◽  
Alexandru L. CURTU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Allelic Richness ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellite ◽  
Planted Tree

Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst. is the most important conifer species in Romania and the most planted tree species in the Carpathian Mountains. Here we compare the genetic diversity of four Norway spruce clonal seed orchards and two seed stands located in the Eastern Carpathians. A set of highly polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers was used. The analysis of genotypic identity of ramets for each Norway spruce clone in all seed orchards indicated that nearly all sampled ramets (97%) were genetically identical. The genetic diversity in seed orchards (He=0.700) was slightly smaller compared to the seed stands (He=0.718). Allelic richness was higher in seed stands (10.874), compared to clonal seed orchards (8.941). The Bayesian analysis indicated a genetic structure with two clusters, one corresponding to the clonal seed orchards and a second one consisting of the two seed stands. Our results provide valuable information for the management of Norway spruce seed orchards in Romania.

scholarly journals Demography and natural selection have shaped genome-wide variation in the widely distributed conifer Norway Spruce (Picea abies)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Carolina Bernhardsson ◽  
Pär K. Ingvarsson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractUnder the neutral theory, species with larger effective population sizes are expected to harbour higher genetic diversity. However, across a wide variety of organisms, the range of genetic diversity is orders of magnitude more narrow than the range of effective population size. This observation has become known as Lewontin’s paradox and although aspects of this phenomenon have been extensively studied, the underlying causes for the paradox remain unclear. Norway spruce (Picea abies) is a widely distributed conifer species across the northern hemisphere and it consequently plays a major role in European forestry. Here, we use whole-genome re-sequencing data from 35 individuals to perform population genomic analyses in P. abies in an effort to understand what drives genome-wide patterns of variation in this species. Despite having a very wide geographic distribution and an enormous current population size, our analyses find that genetic diversity of P.abies is low across a number of populations (p=0.005-0.006). To assess the reasons for the low levels of genetic diversity, we infer the demographic history of the species and find that it is characterised by several re-occurring bottlenecks with concomitant decreases in effective population size can, at least partly, provide an explanation for low polymorphism we observe in P. abies. Further analyses suggest that recurrent natural selection, both purifying and positive selection, can also contribute to the loss of genetic diversity in Norway spruce by reducing genetic diversity at linked sites. Finally, the overall low mutation rates seen in conifers can also help explain the low genetic diversity maintained in Norway spruce.

Genetic diversity in managed subpopulations of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]

2006 ◽  
Vol 222 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Maghuly ◽  
W. Pinsker ◽  
W. Praznik ◽  
S. Fluch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) at Its Southern Lineage in Europe. Implications for Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srđan Stojnić ◽  
Evangelia V. Avramidou ◽  
Barbara Fussi ◽  
Marjana Westergren ◽  
Saša Orlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Study Results

In the present paper we studied the genetic diversity and genetic structure of five Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) natural populations situated in Serbia, belonging to the southern lineage of the species at the southern margin of the species distribution range. Four populations occur as disjunct populations on the outskirts of the Dinaric Alps mountain chain, whereas one is located at the edge of Balkan Mountain range and, therefore, can be considered as ecologically marginal due to drier climatic conditions occurring in this region. Due to the negative effect of biotic and abiotic stress factors, the sustainability of these populations is endangered, making conservation of their genetic resources one of the key measures of Norway spruce persistence in Serbia under climatic changes. The insight on genetic diversity and genetic structure of the studied spruce populations can provide the information required for the initiation of programs aimed at the conservation and utilization of spruce genetic resources at the rear edge of species environmental limits. Norway spruce genetic variation and population genetic structure were estimated using eight EST-SSR markers. The results showed that mean expected heterozygosity was 0.616 and allelic richness 10.22. Genetic differentiation among populations was low (Fst = 0.007). No recent bottleneck effect or isolation by distance were detected. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into two genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence. Based on the study results and the EUFORGEN Pan-European strategy for genetic conservation of forest trees, the establishment of additional dynamic gene conservation units must be considered in Serbia in order to protect the adaptive and neutral genetic diversity of the species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in Romanian Carpathians

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Gheorghe Radu ◽  
Lucian Alexandru Curtu ◽  
Gheorghe Spârchez ◽  
Neculae Şofletea
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Romanian Carpathians
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