Highly mobile seed predators contribute to interisland seed dispersal within an oceanic archipelago

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruko Ando ◽  
Yuka Mori ◽  
Miho Nishihiro ◽  
Kanon Mizukoshi ◽  
Masaki Akaike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Predators

Avian Seed Dispersal in and Near Subtropical Rainforests.

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Green
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Avian Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Dispersers ◽  
Forest Plants

The behaviour of avian visitors to 23 species of subtropical Australian rain forest plants was observed in the Lamington and Border Ranges National Parks on the Queensland/New South Wales border to determine potentially important seed dispersers, seed predators and fruit thieves.

Primary seed dispersal by three Neotropical seed-predating primates (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary, Chiropotes chiropotes and Chiropotes albinasus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian A. Barnett ◽  
Sarah A. Boyle ◽  
Liliam P. Pinto ◽  
Waldete C. Lourenço ◽  
Thais Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Dispersal Potential ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
Chiropotes Albinasus ◽  
Cacajao Melanocephalus

Abstract:The Neotropics house two guilds of large arboreal vertebrate seed predators: parrots and the pitheciin primates. Both have diets dominated by immature fruits. The possibility of members of the Pitheciinae (genera Cacajao, Chiropotes and Pithecia) acting as occasional seed dispersers has been mooted, but not experimentally shown. We combined primate behavioural data and seed germination data from three separate field studies in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará to analyse patterns of post-consumption seed survivorship for seeds discarded by three pitheciin species (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary, Chiropotes chiropotes and Chiropotes albinasus). We then calculated the frequency of dispersal events for four species eaten by C. m. ouakary. All three primate species dropped intact seeds while feeding, and 30.7% of 674 dropped seeds germinated ex situ. Undamaged seeds from unripe and ripe samples germinated (29.3% and 42.7%, respectively), and all three primate species carried some fruits up to 20 m from the parent tree before consuming them. Potential seed-dispersal events varied from 1 (Macrolobium acaciifolium) per fruiting cycle to more than 6500 (Duroia velutina), suggesting that there are differences in dispersal potential. In summary, although they are highly specialized seed predators, these primates may also act as important dispersers for some plant species, and effective dispersal is not restricted to ripe fruits, as immature fruits removed from a tree may continue to mature and the seeds later germinate, a much-neglected aspect of dispersal ecology. The possibility that similar events occur in parrots should be experimentally investigated.

scholarly journals A new hypothesis for the importance of seed dispersal in time

2018 ◽  
pp. 1795-1803
Author(s):  
Adriana Guzmán ◽  
Pablo R. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seed Predation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Colombian Amazon ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Escape Hypothesis

Most studies on seed dispersal in time have focused on seed dormancy and the physiological triggers for germination. However, seed dispersed by animals with low metabolic and moving rates, and long gutpassage times such as terrestrial turtles, could be considered another type of dispersal in time. This study tests the hypothesis that seeds dispersed in time may lower predation rates. We predicted that seeds deposited below parent trees after fruiting fall has finished is advantageous to minimize seed predators and should show higher survival rates. Four Amazonian plant species, Dicranostyles ampla, Oenocarpus bataua, Guatteria atabapensis and Ocotea floribunda, were tested for seed survival probabilities in two periods: during fruiting and 10-21 days after fruiting. Experiments were carried out in two biological stations located in the Colombian Amazon (Caparú and Zafire Biological Stations). Seed predation was high and mainly caused by non-vertebrates. Out of the four plant species tested, only Guatteria atabapensis supported the time escape hypothesis. For this species, seed predation by vertebrates after the fruiting period increased (from 4.1% to 9.2%) while seed predation by nonvertebrates decreased (from 54.0% to 40.2%). in contrast, seed predation by vertebrates and by non-vertebrates after the fruiting period in D. ampla increased (from 7.9% to 22.8% and from 40.4% to 50.6%, respectively), suggesting predator satiation. Results suggest that for some species dispersal in time could be advantageous to avoid some type of seed predators. Escape in time could be an additional dimension in which seeds may reach adequate sites for recruitment. Thus, future studies should be address to better understand the survival advantages given by an endozoochory time-dispersal process.

scholarly journals Nest building by Darwin’s finches as an overlooked seed dispersal mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Carlos Camacho ◽  
Marc-Olivier Beausoleil ◽  
Julio Rabadán-González ◽  
Roxanne Richard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Nest Material ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Darwin's Finches ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
Darwin’S Finches ◽  
Cotton Seeds

AbstractCaliochory, or seed dispersal by birds as nest material, has been reported for several species, but its effectiveness remains unclear in most cases. Darwin’s finches are traditionally regarded as seed predators, but the observation of two nests challenges this assumption by demonstrating that they can act as seed dispersers via caliochory. Darwin’s finches incorporate cotton-like materials into their nests, including seeds of Darwin’s cotton (Gossypium darwinii), a shrub endemic to the Galápagos (Ecuador). Bird nests typically break down after intense rainfall, so the seeds incorporated into nests might benefit from suitable conditions for germination. By simulating the germination conditions experienced over a 72-h period by cotton seeds in a naturally fallen nest, this study qualitatively confirms the long-term viability of at least a small fraction of the seeds at the surface of the nest. Darwin’s finches might therefore provide seed-dispersal services to Darwin’s cotton and possibly, other native and exotic plants of the Galápagos commonly incorporated into nests. However, larger confirmatory studies are needed.

scholarly journals Introduction of mammalian seed predators and the loss of an endemic flightless bird impair seed dispersal of the New Zealand tree Elaeocarpus dentatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5992-6004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Carpenter ◽  
Dave Kelly ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
Colin F. J. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Predators

Seed dispersal by neotropical seed predators

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Norconk ◽  
Brian W. Grafton ◽  
Nancy L. Conklin-Brittain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Predators

Potential Role of Passenger Pigeons and Other Vertebrates in the Rapid Holocene Migrations of Nut Trees

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Light Wind ◽  
Dispersal Distances

Rapid rates of species range extension during the Holocene represent seed dispersal distances of at least 6 to 8 km per generation for North American species of Fagus, Quercus, and Carya, taxa whose fruits are heavy nuts. Occasional seed dispersal by biotic seed predators is necessary for these dispersal distances. One likely agent for dispersal across long distances and habitat discontinuities was the extinct (since 1914 A.D.) passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius). This bird's abundance, capacity for delayed digestion, and nomadic habits strongly suggest an occasional seed dispersal role, although a coevolutionary seed dispersal relationship cannot be inferred from available evidence. The capacity of some heavy seeds for dispersal distances greater than those of most light, wind-dispersed seeds has biogeographic and genetic implications.

FRUGIVORIA E DISPERSÃO DE SEMENTES POR PEIXES

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Luciane Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
Solimões River

Biotic or abiotic processes of seed dispersal are important for the maintenance of the diversity, and for the natural regeneration in tropical forests. Ichthyochory is one of the fundamental mechanisms for seed dispersal in flooded environments, as the “igapó” forests. A study on the ichthyochory of the igapós was conducted at Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, in the middle Solimões river, from June 2002 to September 2004. Monthly samples of frugivorous fish were taken, with the main fishing gears used locally. Guts of 1,688 fish caught were examined. The main species were Myloplus rubripinnis (29.21%), Hemiodus immaculatus (18.96%),Colossoma macropom um (16.23%) and Mylossoma duriventre (16.05%). The diet was made of vegetables (fruits, leave and flowers), and animals (arthropods). 53.02% of all fish caught ingested fruits. The total number of intact seeds in the stomachs and intestines were 8,069 and 5,763 respectively. About 61.9% of the Brycon melanopterus (matrinchão), 46.34% of the Brycon amazonicus (mamuri) and 30.22% of M . rubripinnis (parum ) analysed had intact seeds in their guts. Seeds of Nectandra amazonum and Genipa spruceana ingested proved to be more viable than those non-ingested by fish. The high rates of frugivory, the presence of intact seeds in the guts of fish and the greater viability of ingested seeds all suggest that these animals are important seed dispersors in the “igapó” forests of Amanã Reserve.

Mechanistic Analytical Models for Long-Distance Seed Dispersal by Wind

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katul ◽  
Porporato ◽  
Nathan ◽  
Siqueira ◽  
Soons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Long Distance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document