scholarly journals Sexual size dimorphism is associated with reproductive life history trait differentiation in coexisting sepsid flies

Oikos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (8) ◽  
pp. 1152-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolf U. Blanckenhorn ◽  
Julian Baur ◽  
Juan Pablo Busso ◽  
Athene Giesen ◽  
Natalia Gourgoulianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Trait Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Life History

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal dimensions of a reproductive life history trait in a spiny lizard radiation (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián A. Velasco ◽  
Gustavo Campillo-García ◽  
Jesús Pinto-Ledezma ◽  
Oscar Flores-Villela
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Evolutionary Transitions ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Reproductive Life History

AbstractThe ecological and evolutionary factors underlying life history trait variation is one of the most interesting topics in biology. Although many studies have evaluated either macroevolutionary or macroecological patterns of life history traits across several taxonomic groups, only few studies have attempted to integrate both dimensions in a single analytical framework. Here, we study how parity mode evolved across multiple scales in the radiation of spiny lizards (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae). We adopted macroecological and macroevolutionary approaches to explore how climate across spatial and temporal scales drives the evolution of viviparity in this lizard radiation. We find support for a weak signature of current climates on the geographical distribution of oviparous and viviparous species. By contrast, we detected that evolutionary transitions from oviparity to viviparity reach a peak during the MidMiocene Climatic Optimum — a period with a profound climate change event. We suggest that this abrupt climatic cooling promoted evolutionary transitions to viviparity simultaneously across three clades in the spiny lizard radiation. The decoupling in macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns found here suggests that past climate change has played a larger role than current climates in the spatial and temporal diversification of this reproductive life history trait.

scholarly journals Variation in reproductive life-history traits of birds in fragmented habitats: a review and meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENZO R. VARGAS ◽  
FRANCISCO E. FONTÚRBEL ◽  
ELISA BONACORSO ◽  
JAVIER A. SIMONETTI
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Fragmented Habitats ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Precocial Birds ◽  
Reproductive Life History

SummaryThe effects of habitat fragmentation on the distribution and abundance of birds is a well-researched topic but there is little information published in terms of how habitat fragmentation affects reproductive life history traits. We reviewed the available literature on this subject and found that only 8% of the 1,433 studies dealing with birds in fragmented habitat studied life history traits and only 1.3% provided appropriate data to perform statistics. We found no effect of fragmentation on clutch and brood size patterns. Those patterns did not change when corrected by phylogeny. However, there is a significant heterogeneity among species responses, thus data on large-bodied, ground-nesting, and precocial birds suggest an increasing response in brood size in fragmented habitats. Finally, our review shows that despite birds being the most studied vertebrate group, crucial information such as the effects of habitat fragmentation on life history traits is still scarce and insufficient, especially on species of conservation concern. Indeed, only one out of 15 species reviewed here was threatened. Studies on reproductive, behavioural and life history trait variation are urgently needed in order to advance conservation actions.

Sexual size dimorphism and life history traits in an island-mainland system: an overview of the lizard genus Microlophus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ken S. Toyama ◽  
Christopher K. Boccia
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
South America ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Rensch's Rule ◽  
Comprehensive Compilation

Abstract Opposing life history strategies are a common result of the different ecological settings experienced by insular and continental species. Here we present a comprehensive compilation of data on sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and life history traits of Microlophus, a genus of lizards distributed in western South America and the Galápagos Islands, and test for differences between insular and continental species under life history theory expectations. Contrary to our predictions, we found no differences in SSD between localities or evidence that Microlophus follows Rensch’s rule. However, as expected, head dimensions and maturity sizes were significantly larger in insular species while continental species had larger clutches. Our results show that Microlophus exhibits some of the patterns expected from an island-mainland system, but unexplained patterns will only be resolved through future ecological, morphological and behavioural studies integrating both faunas.

scholarly journals Temperature alters reproductive life history patterns in Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a lethal pathogen associated with the global loss of amphibians

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 2241-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Voyles ◽  
Leah R. Johnson ◽  
Cheryl J. Briggs ◽  
Scott D. Cashins ◽  
Ross A. Alford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Reproductive Life History

scholarly journals Life history, sexual dimorphism and ‘ornamental’ feathers in the mesozoic bird Confuciusornis sanctus

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried S. Peters ◽  
Dieter Stefan Peters
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Bimodal Size Distribution ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Male Trait ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Available Information

The life history of Confuciusornis sanctus is controversial. Recently, the species’ body size spectrum was claimed to contradict osteohistological evidence for a rapid, bird-like development. Moreover, sexual size dimorphism was rejected as an explanation for the observed bimodal size distribution since the presence of elongated rectrices, an assumed ‘male’ trait, was uncorrelated with size. However, this interpretation (i) fails to explain the size spectrum of C. sanctus which is trimodal rather than bimodal, (ii) requires implausible neonate masses and (iii) is not supported by analogy with sexual dimorphisms in modern birds, in which elongated central rectrices are mostly sex-independent. Available information on C. sanctus is readily reconciled if we assume a bird-like life history, as well as a pronounced sexual size dimorphism and sexually isomorphic extravagant feathers as frequently observed in extant species.

Systemic mechanisms of individual reproductive life history in female Medflies

2004 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Novoseltsev ◽  
R.J. Carey ◽  
J.A. Novoseltseva ◽  
N.T. Papadopoulos ◽  
S. Blay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Reproductive Life History
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