scholarly journals Impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity: the role of species mobility, degree of specialisation and spatial scale

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena D. Concepción ◽  
Marco Moretti ◽  
Florian Altermatt ◽  
Michael P. Nobis ◽  
Martin K. Obrist
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Species Mobility

The Subnational Region

2017 ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lawrie
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Sydney Australia ◽  
The Ideal

Most states worldwide possess two or three levels of government, from national to provincial and localities. Subnational governing arrangements are emerging in response to widespread decentralization, globalization, and urbanization, with this level increasingly considered the ideal spatial scale for effectively harnessing governing capacity. Yet regional governing arrangements often lack the traditional statutory and administrative governing tools of the state. Instead, they tend to rely on voluntary co-ordination and co-operation. Emboldened with more traditional governing tools, provincial and local states can work against these networks to protect their own power. This case study of Sydney, Australia, examines the dimensions of hard and soft power in a regional governing network and the role of provincial and local actors in determining the prospects for regional governance. In the absence of state-like mechanisms of hard power, the soft power on which regional governing networks rely will likely remain inferior for the governing task.

The role of spatial scale and soil for local adaptation in Inula hirta

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Raabová ◽  
Zuzana Münzbergová ◽  
Markus Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Local Adaptation
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