Contrasting effects of tree diversity on young tree growth and resistance to insect herbivores across three biodiversity experiments

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 1674-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Haase ◽  
Bastien Castagneyrol ◽  
J. Hans C. Cornelissen ◽  
Jaboury Ghazoul ◽  
Jens Kattge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Young Tree

scholarly journals Herbivore and pathogen effects on tree growth are additive, but mediated by tree diversity and plant traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 7462-7474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schuldt ◽  
Lydia Hönig ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Andreas Fichtner ◽  
Werner Härdtle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Tree Diversity

Mixing effects on litter decomposition rates in a young tree diversity experiment

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Nurlaila Setiawan ◽  
Margot Vanhellemont ◽  
An De Schrijver ◽  
Stephanie Schelfhout ◽  
Lander Baeten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Mixing Effects

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation Method on Tree Growth, Foliar Nutrient Levels, and Nut Characteristics of Young Pecan Trees in the Southern Great Plains

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Abby ShalekBriski ◽  
B. Wade Brorsen ◽  
Jon T. Biermacher ◽  
Charles T. Rohla ◽  
Will Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Foliar Nutrient

Although irrigation is a common practice in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) orchards, the effects of different methods of irrigation on young tree growth, nut quality, and nutrient uptake have not been estimated. Five irrigation systems and one nonirrigated control system were established. Tree performance was characterized by change in trunk diameter, weight per nut, average kernel percentage, and total trunk diameter growth. Nutrient uptake was determined by foliar levels. The five irrigation systems were a microsprinkler with a 35-ft diameter, a microsprinkler with a 70-ft diameter, two subsurface driplines irrigating for 2 days/week alternating between water for 2 hours and no water for 2 hours, two subsurface driplines irrigating 1 day/week for 20 hours continuously (LI2), and four subsurface driplines irrigating for 10 hours continuously for 1 day/week (LI4). Irrigation systems affected foliar levels of potassium (K), boron (B), and manganese (Mn) levels. Irrigation system did not affect change in trunk diameter or kernel percentage. A spatial Durbin error model was estimated to use trunk diameter estimates from all trees in the orchard. This model found the trunk diameters of nonirrigated and LI4 system trees to be significantly less than those trees that were irrigated by the LI2 system. When observations were pooled over all years, LI4 trees had individual pecan nut weights that were significantly less than all other systems.

scholarly journals Growth Response to Weed Control and Fertilisation in Mid-Rotation Plantations of Eucalyptus pellita in South Sumatra, Indonesia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1653
Author(s):  
Maydra A. Inail ◽  
Eko B. Hardiyanto ◽  
Daniel S. Mendham ◽  
Erlanda Thaher
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Lower Productivity

We report on a study of mid-rotation weed control and nutrient management in Eucalyptus pellita plantations in South Sumatra. The study was established at two contrasting sites (representing high and low productivity for the region) that had previously carried three rotations of Acacia mangium. A combination of weed control, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) fertiliser were applied at 1 and 2 years after establishment. We found that the addition of up to 250 kg N ha−1 applied either at 1 year or 2 years after planting did not improve growth. The application of P (30 kg P ha−1) at age 1 year (in addition to 12 kg P ha−1 applied at planting) did not enhance tree growth either. Keeping the plantation free from weed competition throughout rotation (full weed control) enhanced wood volume up to age 4 years at the high-productivity site, while it improved wood volume up to the end of rotation at age 6 years at the low-productivity site. An additional experiment assessing the effect of weed control in the early phase of plantation establishment revealed that weed competition reduced young tree growth of E. pellita substantially. The results of the studies support the current practice of plantation management of E. pellita in the region that applied only P fertiliser at planting time and that kept trees free from weed competition before canopy closure. Full weed control throughout rotation is worth practicing at lower-productivity sites to achieve maximum productivity.

Canopy composition and drought shape understorey plant assemblages in a young tree diversity experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-816
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Corcket ◽  
Didier Alard ◽  
Inge Halder ◽  
Hervé Jactel ◽  
Begoña Garrido Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Canopy Composition ◽  
Plant Assemblages ◽  
Understorey Plant

scholarly journals Tree diversity effects on forest productivity: disentangling the effects of tree species addition vs. substitution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maude Toigo ◽  
Bastien Castagneyrol ◽  
Herve Jactel ◽  
Xavier Morin ◽  
Celine Meredieu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Mixture Effect ◽  
Stand Productivity

Mixture effect on stand productivity is usually apprehended through a substitutive approach, whereby productivity in mixed stands is compared to productivity in monocultures, at equivalent stand density. This approach has proved that in many cases mixed stands perform better than monospecific forests, however, we do not yet have a solid theory about species behaviour in the mixture or even guidelines for combining species. The addition of a second tree species to an existing mono-specific stand has received much less consideration. Yet, this approach has the potential to separate the facilitation effect from the complementarity effect. We compared the effect of tree species substitution vs. addition on the productivity of maritime pine and silver birch in a young tree diversity experiment implemented in 2008 in SW France. Substituting pines with birches to create two-species mixtures resulted in an increase of tree productivity at stand level beyond what was expected from monocultures (i.e., overyielding). In contrast, creating mixture through the addition of birches to pine stands had no effect on the maritime pine stand productivity (transgressive mixture effect not significant). This absence of effect is produced by two distinct density-dependence responses at an individual level. Our results allow clarifying the cases in which a mixed stand can be considered as an alternative to a monoculture of a productive species. In particular, the addition of a pioneer and soil low-demanding species during young developmental stages is a possibility to diversify the stand and potentially to increase ecosystem services without altering the productivity of the target species.

scholarly journals Tree diversity reduces pest damage in mature forests across Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20151037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Guyot ◽  
Bastien Castagneyrol ◽  
Aude Vialatte ◽  
Marc Deconchat ◽  
Hervé Jactel
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Forest Pest ◽  
Associational Resistance ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
Tree Defoliation ◽  
Tree Species Richness ◽  
Total Tree

Forest pest damage is expected to increase with global change. Tree diversity could mitigate this impact, but unambiguous demonstration of the diversity–resistance relationship is lacking in semi-natural mature forests. We used a network of 208 forest plots sampled along two orthogonal gradients of increasing tree species richness and latitudes to assess total tree defoliation in Europe. We found a positive relationship between tree species richness and resistance to insect herbivores: overall damage to broadleaved species significantly decreased with the number of tree species in mature forests. This pattern of associational resistance was frequently observed across tree species and countries, irrespective of their climate. These findings confirm the greater potential of mixed forests to face future biotic disturbances in a changing world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document