Effects of obesity on pulmonary function considering the transition from obstructive to restrictive pattern from childhood to young adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Sen‐Te Wang ◽  
Han‐Pin Kuo ◽  
Christophe Delclaux ◽  
Megan E. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Shrinking lung syndrome in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110103
Author(s):  
Alfonso Ragnar Torres Jimenez ◽  
Nayma Ruiz Vela ◽  
Adriana Ivonne Cespedes Cruz ◽  
Alejandra Velazquez Cruz ◽  
Alma Karina Bernardino Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Shrinking Lung Syndrome (SLS) is a rare and little known complication associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), characterized by progressive and unexplainable dyspnea, pleuritic pain, small pulmonary volumes and elevation of the diaphragm on chest X-rays as well as restrictive pattern on pulmonary function tests. Objective To describe clinical, radiological and treatment characteristics in pediatric patients with SLS. Material and methods This is a descriptive and retrospective study in patients under 16 years old with the diagnosis of SLE complicated by SLS at the General Hospital. National Medical Center La Raza. Clinical, radiological and treatment variables were analyzed. Results are shown in frequencies and percentages. Results Data from 11 patients, 9 females and 2 males were collected. Mean age at diagnosis of SLS was 12.2 years. Age at diagnosis of SLE was 11.1 years. SLEDAI 17.3. Renal desease 72%, hematological 91%, lymphopenia 63%, mucocutaneous 72%, neurological 9%, arthritis 54%, serositis 91%, fever 81%, secondary antiphospholipid syndrome, low C3 72%, low C4 81%, positive ANA 91%, positive anti-DNA 91%. Regarding clinical manifestations of SLE: cough 81%, dyspnea 91%, hipoxemia 81%, pleuritic pain 71%, average oxygen saturation 83%. Chest X-rays findings: right hemidiaphragm affection 18%, left 63%, bilateral 18%. Elevated hemidiaphragm 91%, atelectasis 18%, pleural effusion 91%, over one third of the cardiac silhouette under the diphragm 36%, bulging diaphragm 45%, 5th. anterior rib that crosses over the diaphragm 91%. M-mode ultrasound: diaphragmatic hypomotility 100%, pleural effusion 63%. Pulmonary function tests: restrictive pattern in 45% of the cases. Treatment was with supplementary oxygen 100%, intubation 18%, antibiotics 100%, steroids 100%, intravenous immunoglobulin 54%, plasmapheresis 18%, cyclophosphamide 54% and rituximab 18%. The clinical course was favorable in 81%. Conclusions SLS should be suspected in patients with SLE and active disease who present hipoxemia, pleuritic pain, cough, dyspnea, pleural effusion and signs of restriction on chest X-rays. Therefore, a diaphragmatic M-mode ultrasound should be performed in order to establish the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Frequency of restrictive pulmonary function tests in patients with chronic Hepatitis C

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. e223
Author(s):  
Shahid Hamid ◽  
Khalid Mehmood Khan ◽  
Fawad Ahmed ◽  
Asia Firdous
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Hepatis C infection is a common health problem world wide and is the major cause of chronic liver disease in Pakistan. Common complications of chronic hepatitis c infection are cirrhosis, ascities and hepatocellular carcinoma. Also HCV infection is associated with several extra hepatic manifestations including interstitial lung fibrosis. It has been found that frequency of pulmonary fibrosis is increased in patients with cirrhosis of liver as the stage of cirrhosis advances.This lung fibrosis can cause restrictive pattern of pulmonary function tests. This study was conducted to determine frequency of restrictive pulmonary function in patients with different stages of chronic hepatitis C  infection, based on child pough classification. Study design This is descriptive case study Method 99 patients of age range 20 to 80 year, both males and females having chronic hepatitis C infection and interferon based treatment naïve patients were included from outpatient and inpatient department were selected. Patients were divided into three groups according to child’s criteria i.e. group A, group B, and group C. Pulmonary function tests were performed on patients in all three groups to look for  FEV1/FVC ratio in all patients. FEV1/FVC ratio  more than 80 was considered as restrictive pulmonary function. Results Out of 99 patients 32(35%) were found to have restrictive pattern of pulmonary functions Conclusion Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with restrictive pattern of pulmonary function, suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis.

scholarly journals Effects of metabolic syndrome on pulmonary function tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidhant Sachdeva ◽  
Gurinder Mohan ◽  
Sunil Grover ◽  
Shashi Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background: Metabolic syndrome is defined as at least three of the five following medical conditions: central obesity(mandatory), high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It has been shown that obesity causes physiological impairment in respiratory system.Methods: In this observational cross sectional study, 60 patients who fulfilled the IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome were included after applying the exclusion criteria and were subjected to spirometry.Results: Most of the patients had a restrictive pattern (43.3%) (n=26). 33.3% (n=20) of the patients had a mixed pattern while 16.7% (n=10) of the patients had a normal picture. Only 6.7% (n=4) of the patients had an obstructive pattern (p<0.001). Mean value of FEV1 had no correlation with increasing number of components of metabolic syndrome whereas mean value of FVC showed a decreasing trend with increasing number of components of metabolic syndrome. Mean FEV1 of the patients was significantly higher in males (1.82±0.71 L) than females (1.24±0.42 L) (p 0.007). Similarly, the mean FVC was significantly higher in males as compared to females. Mean FVC was 2.45 (±0.86) L in males while females had a mean FVC of 1.65 (±0.49) L (p 0.002).Conclusions: In conclusion, Patients with metabolic syndrome have significant impairment of the pulmonary function with restrictive pattern being the most common one.

scholarly journals Assessment of pulmonary function test in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with their HbA1c levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Archana Toppo ◽  
Kulvant Singh Ajamani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and deranged metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and protein that result from insensitivity to endogenous insulin. It is a substantial global health problem and markedly increases morbidity and mortality of the affected people.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of medicine Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital, Raipur. Total 67 subjects with type II diabetes mellitus as per WHO criteria of diabetes mellitus, aged between 18-60years of both sexes were included in the study. Patients FBS, PPBS were analysed by glucose oxidase (GOD), peroxidase (POD) methods in ILAB 650 analyser and HbA1C was analysed using HPLC. Pulmonary function test was conducted in all the subjects using the spirometer which is the gold standard for accurate and repeatable measurement of lung function.Results: Majority of the subjects were male (36, 53.7%) and belonged to age group of 51-60years (n=34, 50.7%), Duration of DM </=10years (n=47, 70.1%), restrictive pulmonary function in 10 (14.9%) subjects. Correlation of age with a restrictive pattern of PFT (P=0.013*) and with duration of diabetes (P<0.0001**). Pulmonary function test parameters having mild downstream correlation with diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Diabetes was more common in the sixth decade of life with slight male preponderance. The short-term indicators of glycaemic controls were not significantly associated with a restrictive pattern of PFT. Despite the best effort, there are limitations of this study, which includes small sample size, author have not taken general population, and lack of a control group. These limitations can be overcome in the future studies.

scholarly journals Pulmonary function tests in β thalassemia major and its correlation with serum ferritin levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Manaswita Gadiparthi ◽  
Nalini Bhaskaranand ◽  
Pushpa G. Kini ◽  
Shrikiran Hebbar ◽  
Suneel C. Mundkur
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Lung Dysfunction ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background: Extensive studies are conducted on heart, liver and endocrine abnormalities in thalassemia owing to their direct effect on survival, however, lung dysfunction has never been focused upon and is one of the least understood complications in β thalassemia. There’s a vacuum for data on pulmonary function tests in β thalassemia major in literature from India. Authors aimed to study pulmonary function and type of abnormality in cases with β thalassemia major above the age of 8yrs and to correlate the result with age and serum ferritin levels.Methods: Demographic data, hemoglobin value, serum ferritin levels, chelation details and transfusion requirement were analyzed. Spirometry was performed using COSMED pulmonary function test (PFT).Results: Among the 34 subjects studied, 21 were boys, and 13 were girls. Mean serum ferritin levels of the group was 3610.82±2679.51ng/mL and did not show a significant correlation with age, years of transfusion, and years of chelation. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1) % values were lower in boys when compared to girls. PFT showed a restrictive pattern in the study group (FEV1/FVC=>0.7) with significant involvement in 73.5% of cases (FEV1<80%). A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between age and FEV1% (r=-0.577, p=<0.01) highlighting the importance of duration of iron overload. However, there was no significant linear correlation between restrictive lung disease and serum ferritin level (r=-0.06, p=0.75).Conclusions: Restrictive pattern was the most common abnormality, and it did not correlate with serum ferritin. Pulmonary function monitoring would help in identifying children with significant morbidity and help in initiating an early intervention to improve the quality of life.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS IN A PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH GLYCAEMIC CONTROL AND DURATION OF DIABETES AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sonam Gupta ◽  
Dr. Yadvendra Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background- The pulmonary and other late complications of diabetes share a similar microangiopathy mechanism. Since, they share common mechanisms there may be associations between lung function and markers of microangiopathy. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of pulmonary function with diabetes and the correlation of pulmonary function abnormalities with microvascular complications. Methods- This was a cross sectional comparative study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jaipur,Rajasthan, India. Eligible participants included 100 adults below 60 years of age with T2DM attending the outpatient clinics or admitted to the wards during the study period, and an equal number of non-diabetic adults matched for age and gender who served as the comparative controls. Results- The present study clearly showed a highly statistically significant p value when the lung function tests (FVC, FEV1, and PEFR) were compared between type 2 diabetics and age, sex, BMI matched controls. The duration of DM and PFT correlation was found stastically significant and HbA1c and PFT correlation was found stastically Insignificant. Conclusion- Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes may lead to diabetes associated systemic inflammation which results in airway and lung damage. Diabetes was more common in the sixth decade of life with slight male preponderance. The most common PFT derangement pattern in diabetic subjects is a restrictive pattern and having a significantly longer duration of a diabetic. The short-term indicators of glycemic controls were not significantly associated with a restrictive pattern of PFT. Keywords: Diabetes, Pulmonary function test, HbA1c, Duration of diabetes.

A Possible Association Between Suspected Restrictive Pattern as Assessed by Ordinary Pulmonary Function Test and the Metabolic Syndrome

CHEST Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Nakajima ◽  
Yoichi Kubouchi ◽  
Toshitaka Muneyuki ◽  
Midori Ebata ◽  
Satoko Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

scholarly journals Pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung fibrosis, and lung iron deposition in thalassaemia major

Thorax ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 737-739
Author(s):  
E Zakynthinos ◽  
T Vassilakopoulos ◽  
P Kaltsas ◽  
E Malagari ◽  
Z Daniil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Thalassaemia Major ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Restrictive Lung Disease ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Although restrictive lung disease is the predominant abnormality of pulmonary function in patients with thalassaemia major (TM), its aetiology and its association with pulmonary hypertension (PH) detected in some patients with TM remains unknown. We report a patient with TM, iron overload, frequent pulmonary infections, and progressive severe precapillary PH over the previous 5 years. A severe restrictive pattern and interstitial lung fibrosis were revealed by pulmonary function tests and high resolution computed tomography, respectively. This presentation suggests that interstitial fibrosis may complicate lung involvement in TM and can significantly contribute to the development of PH.

Significance of frequent spirometry test in treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients in tertiary care teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Jaykumari Choudhary ◽  
Suprova Chakraborty ◽  
Prasanta Kumar De
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Tuberculosis is one of the most important communicable disease, which poses a global public health threat and remains the leading cause of death among infectious diseases, especially in undeveloped and developing countries.It was a prospective, observational, hospital based study conducted in the department of Respiratory Medicine, IPGMER SSKM Hospital, Kolkata from January 2020 to December 2020. Atotal of 80 cases, with history of adequately treated one episode of pulmonary tuberculosis, were included in this study.According to pulmonary function test results, 30(37.5%) patients had obstructive pattern and 11(13.8%) had restrictive pattern, in spirometry. Another 15(18.8%) patients had, mixed obstructive/restrictive pattern, while in rest 24 (30%) patients, spirometry test results were normal. The distribution of various pulmonary function test results among patients with obstructive pattern (N=30), ATT completion history was 7.57 ± 2.77 years back in average. Whereas average duration of symptoms in them was found to be 4.03 ± 1.96 years. For patients with restrictive pattern (N=11), these durations were 10.91 ± 2.51years and 7.59 ± 2.35 years respectively. Patients with mixed pattern (N=15), both durations were 11.33 ± 3.50 years and 7.33 ± 2.94 years respectively. Whereas among patients with normal lung function (N=24), ATT completion duration was 2.83 ± 2.21 years and symptom onset duration was 0.63 ± 0.34 years.There was emphatically found thatduration of anti-tubercular treatment, duration of symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities. Hence clinical suspicion, early diagnosis and early treatment strategy are required to prevent further deterioration of pulmonary function in treated Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. So, frequent or annual spirometry is required in these patients.

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