Grey matter alterations in obesity: A meta‐analysis of whole‐brain studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Herrmann ◽  
Ann‐Katrin Tesar ◽  
Jennifer Beier ◽  
Max Berg ◽  
Bodo Warrings
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Brain

scholarly journals Lower regional grey matter in alcohol use disorders: evidence from a voxel-based meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Hua Yu ◽  
Yihao Liu ◽  
Ya-jing Meng ◽  
Xiao-jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Middle Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Mapping Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Middle

Abstract Background Previous research using whole-brain neuroimaging techniques has revealed structural differences of grey matter (GM) in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. However, some of the findings diverge from other neuroimaging studies and require further replication. The quantity of relevant research has, thus far, been limited and the association between GM and abstinence duration of AUD patients has not yet been systematically reviewed. Methods The present research conducted a meta-analysis of voxel-based GM studies in AUD patients published before Jan 2021. The study utilised a whole brain-based d-mapping approach to explore GM changes in AUD patients, and further analysed the relationship between GM deficits, abstinence duration and individual differences. Results The current research included 23 studies with a sample size of 846 AUD patients and 878 controls. The d-mapping approach identified lower GM in brain regions including the right cingulate gyrus, right insula and left middle frontal gyrus in AUD patients compared to controls. Meta-regression analyses found increasing GM atrophy in the right insula associated with the longer mean abstinence duration of the samples in the studies in our analysis. GM atrophy was also found positively correlated with the mean age of the samples in the right insula, and positively correlated with male ratio in the left middle frontal gyrus. Conclusions GM atrophy was found in the cingulate gyrus and insula in AUD patients. These findings align with published meta-analyses, suggesting they are potential deficits for AUD patients. Abstinence duration, age and gender also affect GM atrophy in AUD patients. This research provides some evidence of the underlying neuroanatomical nature of AUD.

scholarly journals Coordinate based meta-analysis of whole-brain voxel-based morphometry studies does not show evidence of grey matter loss specific to PTSD

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Tench ◽  
Radu Tanasescu ◽  
Ketan D. Jethwa ◽  
Cris S. Constantinescu
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractNeuroimaging studies have detected structural alteration in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but findings are inconsistent. This might be explained by heterogeneity between subjects with PTSD in terms of common comorbidities such as depressive and anxiety disorders and also in traumatic experience. Despite this, coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) has been used to try and identify localised grey matter changes, and does suggest some PTSD specific pathology. However, there are multiple technical issues that make the meta-analytic evidence questionable, warranting a re-evaluation.A literature search for voxel-based morphometry studies was performed. Only whole-brain studies using subjects with a current diagnosis of PTSD, and having a comparison group of either healthy or trauma exposed controls, were included. Twenty one voxel-based morphometry studies met the inclusion criteria. CBMA was performed to identify altered grey matter (GM) structures.Using a novel coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis, no grey matter structure was identified as being consistently altered in PTSD compared to controls. This was also verified using the activation likelihood estimate algorithm.There is no evidence, from CBMA, of consistent localised grey matter changes specific to PTSD. Inconsistency may reflect true heterogeneity in PTSD pathology or methodological issues with imaging and/or analysis, limiting the detection of PTSD specific pathology.

scholarly journals Grey matter abnormalities in Tourette syndrome: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wen ◽  
Junjuan Yan ◽  
Liping Yu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus

Abstract Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the continual presence of primary motor and vocal tics. Grey matter abnormalities have been identified in numerous studies of TS, but conflicting results have been reported. This study was an unbiased statistical meta-analysis of published neuroimaging studies of TS structures. Methods A voxel quantitative meta-analysis technique called activation likelihood estimation (ALE) was used. The meta-analysis included six neuroimaging studies involving 247 TS patients and 236 healthy controls. A statistical threshold of p < 0.05 was established based on the false discovery rate and a cluster extent threshold of 50 voxels. Results We found that grey matter volumes were significantly increased in the bilateral thalamus, right hypothalamus, right precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right lentiform nucleus, and left insula of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, grey matter volumes were significantly decreased in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate, bilateral insula, left posterior cingulate and left postcentral gyrus of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. Conclusions Our present meta-analysis primarily revealed significant increases in grey matter volumes in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus, and decreased grey matter volumes in the anterior cingulate gyrus, of TS patients compared to those in healthy controls. Most of these identified regions are associated with cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these changes in grey matter volumes in TS patients.

Brain gray matter alterations in first episodes of depression: A meta-analysis of whole-brain studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Ziqi Chen ◽  
Xinyu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Brain

Quantitative meta-analysis of grey matter anomalies in neuropathic pain

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1224-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Pan ◽  
J.G. Zhong ◽  
H.F. Shang ◽  
Y.L. Zhu ◽  
P.R. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Voxel-wise meta-analysis of grey matter changes in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Radua ◽  
David Mataix-Cols
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

BackgroundSpecific cortico-striato-thalamic circuits are hypothesised to mediate the symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), but structural neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent.AimsTo conduct a meta-analysis of published and unpublished voxel-based morphometry studies in OCD.MethodTwelve data-sets comprising 401 people with OCD and 376 healthy controls met inclusion criteria. A new improved voxel-based meta-analytic method, signed differential mapping (SDM), was developed to examine regions of increased and decreased grey matter volume in the OCD group v. control group.ResultsNo between-group differences were found in global grey matter volumes. People with OCD had increased regional grey matter volumes in bilateral lenticular nuclei, extending to the caudate nuclei, as well as decreased volumes in bilateral dorsal medial frontal/anterior cingulate gyri. A descriptive analysis of quartiles, a sensitivity analysis as well as analyses of subgroups further confirmed these findings. Meta-regression analyses showed that studies that included individuals with more severe OCD were significantly more likely to report increased grey matter volumes in the basal ganglia. No effect of current antidepressant treatment was observed.ConclusionsThe results support a dorsal prefrontal–striatal model of the disorder and raise the question of whether functional alterations in other brain regions commonly associated with OCD, such as the orbitofrontal cortex, may reflect secondary compensatory strategies. Whether the reported differences between participants with OCD and controls precede the onset of the symptoms and whether they are specific to OCD remains to be established.

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