scholarly journals The role of pollination in controlling Ginkgo biloba ovule development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta D’Apice ◽  
Silvia Moschin ◽  
Fabrizio Araniti ◽  
Sebastiano Nigris ◽  
Maurizio Di Marzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ovule Development

Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on rat hepatic microsomal CYP1A activity: role of ginkgolides, bilobalide, and flavonols

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
I fan Kuo ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Thomas K.H Chang
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Potency ◽  
Hepatic Microsomes ◽  
Cyp1a Activity ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extracts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Vitro Effect

The present study investigated the in vitro effect of Ginkgo biloba extracts and some of the individual constituents (ginkgolides, bilobalide, and flavonols such as kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and their glycosides) on CYP1A-mediated 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation in hepatic microsomes isolated from rats induced with β-naphthoflavone. G. biloba extract competitively inhibited CYP1A activity, with an apparent Ki value of 1.6 ± 0.4 µg/mL (mean ± SE). At the concentrations present in the G. biloba extracts, ginkgolides A, B, C, and J and bilobalide did not affect CYP1A activity, whereas kaempferol (IC50 = 0.006 ± 0.001 µg/mL, mean ± SE), isorhamnetin (0.007 ± 0.001 µg/mL), and quercetin (0.050 ± 0.003 µg/mL) decreased this activity. The monoglycosides (1 and 10 µg/mL) and diglycosides (10 µg/mL) of kaempferol and quercetin but not those of isorhamnetin also inhibited CYP1A activity. The order of inhibitory potency was kaempferol ~ isorhamnetin > quercetin, and for each of these flavonols the order of potency was aglycone >> monoglycoside > diglycoside. In summary, G. biloba extract competitively inhibited rat hepatic microsomal CYP1A activity, but the effect was not due to ginkgolides A, B, C, or J, bilobalide, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, or the respective flavonol monoglycosides or diglycosides.Key words: bilobalide, CYP1A, cytochrome P450, Ginkgo biloba, ginkgolide, flavonol.

Behavioral Effects of Ginkgo biloba L., Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. and Gincosan®

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 841-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Petkov ◽  
S. Belcheva ◽  
V. V. Petkov
Keyword(s):  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Behavioral Method ◽  
Rat Strain ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Administration Schedules

The behavioral effects of a standardized extract from Panax ginseng roots (G115), of a standardized extract from Ginkgo biloba leaves (GK501) and of their combination (PHL-00701) (Gincosan®) were examined in experiments on rats with undisturbed memory and on rats with experimentally-impaired memory (by alcohol or by muscarinic- and dopamine-receptor antagonists), using methods for active avoidance (shuttle-box) and passive avoidance (step-down and step-through). On multiple administration G115, GK501 and PHL-00701 exerted favorable effects on learning and memory. These effects varied with the dose and administration schedules, with the rat strain and with the behavioral method. Based on earlier results, we discuss the role of changes in brain biogenic amines induced by the extracts in their mechanism of action. The present results allow for ranking G115, GK501 and their combination PHL-00701 (Gincosan®) among cognition-enhancing (nootropic) drugs.

Antidepressant-like effect of a Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) in the mouse forced swimming test: Role of oxidative stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Rojas ◽  
Norma Serrano-García ◽  
Omar N. Medina-Campos ◽  
José Pedraza-Chaverri ◽  
Sven O. Ögren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Swimming Test
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