scholarly journals Chilled to be forced: the best dose to wake up buds from winter dormancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Baumgarten ◽  
Constantin Zohner ◽  
Arthur Gessler ◽  
Yann Vitasse
Keyword(s):  
Winter Dormancy

Histone modification and activation by SOC1-like and drought stress-related transcription factors may regulate AcSVP2 expression during kiwifruit winter dormancy

Plant Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongmei Wu ◽  
Tianchi Wang ◽  
Annette C. Richardson ◽  
Andrew C. Allan ◽  
Richard C. Macknight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Histone Modification ◽  
Winter Dormancy

scholarly journals Changes in the thyroid gland during the reproductive cycle of the male vespertilionid bat, Scotophilus heathi

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KRISHNA ◽  
K. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Low Concentration

The aim of present study was to compare the changes in thyroid gland with the reproductive cycle of S. heathi. Thyroid showed marked seasonal variation in weight, quantity of colloid and follicular epithelial height, suggesting the thyroid gland to be inactive during quiescence and winter dormancy and active during the time of recrudescence and breeding similarly to the testicular cycle. Plasma thyroxin (T4) concentration showed a significant seasonal change with high concentration during breeding and post-breeding and low concentration during quiescence. However, the T4 concentration increased from breeding to post-breeding phase, when the testes weight was declining. It is suggested that in S. heathi the positive correlation between thyroid and testicular cycles occurs only during the phases of the reproductive cycle when the body weight and testicular activity are also closely correlated.

scholarly journals Cross-talk between active DNA demethylation, resetting of cellular metabolism and shoot apical growth in poplar bud break

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Conde ◽  
Mariano Perales ◽  
Anne-Laure Le Gac ◽  
Christopher Dervinis ◽  
Matias Kirst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Woody Perennials ◽  
Active Dna Demethylation ◽  
Dna Demethylase

AbstractAnnual dormancy-growth cycle is a developmental and physiological process essential for the survival of temperate and boreal forests. Seasonal control of shoot growth in woody perennials requires specific genetic programs integrated with the environmental signals. The environmental-controlled mechanisms that regulate the shift between winter dormancy to growth promoting genetic program are still unknown. Here, we show that dynamics in genomic DNA methylation (gDNA) levels regulate dormancy-growth cycle in poplar. We proved that the reactivation of cell division in the apical shoot that lead bud break process in spring, is preceded by a progressive reduction of gDNA methylation in apex tissue. We also identified that the induction in apex tissue of a chilling-dependent poplar DEMETER-LIKE 10 (PtaDML10) DNA demethylase precedes shoot growth reactivation. Transgenic poplars showing down-regulation of PtaDML8/10 caused delayed bud break. Genome wide transcriptome and methylome analysis and data mining revealed the gene targets of active DML-dependent DNA demethylation genetically associated to bud break. These data point to a chilling dependent-DEMETER-like DNA demethylase controlling the genetic shift from winter dormancy to a condition that promotes shoot apical vegetative growth in poplar.

scholarly journals The benefit of being still: energy savings during winter dormancy in fish come from inactivity and the cold, not from metabolic rate depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1886) ◽  
pp. 20181593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Speers-Roesch ◽  
Tommy Norin ◽  
William R. Driedzic
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Metabolic Rate Depression ◽  
Spontaneous Movement ◽  
Anoxic Waters ◽  
Physico Chemical

Winter dormancy is used by many animals to survive the cold and food-poor high-latitude winter. Metabolic rate depression, an active downregulation of resting cellular energy turnover and thus standard (resting) metabolic rate (SMR), is a unifying strategy underlying the persistence of organisms in such energy-limited environments, including hibernating endotherms. However, controversy exists about its involvement in winter-dormant aquatic ectotherms. To address this debate, we conducted simultaneous, multi-day measurements of whole-animal oxygen consumption rate (a proxy of metabolic rate) and spontaneous movement in a model winter-dormant marine fish, the cunner ( Tautogolabrus adspersus ). Winter dormancy in cunner involved a dampened diel rhythm of metabolic rate, such that a low and stable metabolic rate persisted throughout the 24 h day. Based on the thermal sensitivity ( Q 10 ) of SMR as well as correlations of metabolic rate and movement, the reductions in metabolic rate were not attributable to metabolic rate depression, but rather to reduced activity under the cold and darkness typical of the winter refuge among substrate. Previous reports of metabolic rate depression in cunner, and possibly other fish species, during winter dormancy were probably confounded by variation in activity. Unlike hibernating endotherms, and excepting the few fish species that overwinter in anoxic waters, winter dormancy in fishes, as exemplified by cunner, need not involve metabolic rate depression. Rather, energy savings come from inactivity combined with passive physico-chemical effects of the cold on SMR, demonstrating that thermal effects on activity can greatly influence temperature–metabolism relationships, and illustrating the benefit of simply being still in energy-limited environments.

Effects of Plant Growth Stage on Glyphosate Absorption and Transport in Ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicum) and Blue Pacific Juniper (Juniperus conferta)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Neal ◽  
Walter A. Skroch ◽  
Thomas J. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum

Carbon-14-labeled glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] was foliarly applied to ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicumThunb.) and blue pacific juniper (Juniperus confertaParl. ‘Blue Pacific’) at the following growth stages: cold acclimation, winter dormancy, budbreak, shoot elongation, and termination of the first flush of growth (shoot termination). At shoot elongation juniper plants absorbed 2% of applied14C by 14 days after treatment (DAT). Applications at other growth stages resulted in no significant absorption of14C by junipers. Within 7 DAT the amounts of radioactivity absorbed by ligustrum were significant and depended upon growth stage in the following order: budbreak < shoot termination < shoot elongation. Absorption by overwintered leaves occurred at budbreak but not at elongation or termination. Transport of absorbed14C in ligustrum was primarily acropetal and occurred only in budbreak and flowering treatments. Differences in tolerance to glyphosate between juniper and ligustrum appear to be related to differential absorption. Seasonal differences in ligustrum tolerance also appear to be associated with differences in absorption. Although growth stage affected transport in ligustrum, differential transport does not appear to play a major role in seasonal influences on long-term glyphosate phytotoxicity.

The Annual Rhythm of Activity of the Lateral Meristems (Cambium and Phellogen) in Pinus Halepensis Mill. and Pinus Pinea L.

IAWA Journal ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nili Liphschitz ◽  
S. Lev-Yadun ◽  
E. Rosen ◽  
Y. Waisel
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Quiescent Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Climate Patterns ◽  
Almost All

The annual rhythms of cambial and phellogen activity in Pinus halepensis and P pinea were investigated. Under natural conditions the cambium of P halepensis begins its activity in autumn, enters a quiescent period during midwinter, resurnes activity towards spring and enters a second rest period in summer. The ring border is formed during summer. Irrigated plants growing outdoors were active almost all the year round.The cambium of P pinea is active between April and November and enters a true winter dormancy.The duration of xylem production exceeded that of the phloem. More xylem than phloem cells were formed. The phellogen was active during a short period only.Pinus halepensis seems to follow the Mediterranean climate patterns whereas P pinea follows the pattern of a colder climate.

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