scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal fungi induce systemic resistance against insects on a nonmycorrhizal plant in a CERK1‐dependent manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 728-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Vishwanathan ◽  
Krzysztof Zienkiewicz ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Dennis Janz ◽  
Ivo Feussner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal fungi induce systemic resistance against insects on a non-mycorrhizal plant in a CERK1-dependent manner

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Vishwanathan ◽  
Krzysztof Zienkiewicz ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Dennis Janz ◽  
Ivo Feussner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plant ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Ja Signaling

ABSTRACTBelow-ground microbes can induce systemic resistance (ISR) against foliar pests and pathogens on diverse plant hosts. The prevalence of ISR among plant-microbe-pest systems raises the question of host specificity in microbial induction of ISR. To test whether ISR is limited by plant host range, we tested the ISR-inducing ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus Laccaria bicolor on the non-mycorrhizal plant Arabidopsis. We found that root inoculation with L. bicolor triggered ISR against the insect herbivore Trichoplusia ni and induced systemic susceptibility (ISS) against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto). We found that L. bicolor-triggered ISR against T. ni was dependent on jasmonic acid (JA) signaling and salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and signaling. We found that heat killed L. bicolor and chitin are sufficient to trigger ISR against T. ni and ISS against Pto and that the chitin receptor CERK1 is necessary for L. bicolor-mediated effects on systemic immunity. Collectively our findings suggest that some ISR responses might not require intimate co-evolution of host and microbe, but rather might be the result of root perception of conserved microbial signals.

scholarly journals Effect of some induce chemical and biological agents against (Tilletia tritici (Bjerk) and T.laevis (Kühn) causal agents of wheat Common bunt disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Foliar Treatment

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of some chemicals and biological agents to induce systemic resistance (ISR) against to wheat common bunt disease caused by the two species of fungus Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint (T. caries (Dac.) Tul.) and T. laevis Kuhn (T. foetida (Wall.) Liro. Trails in the efforts to find an alternative, safe and environmentally friendly means to control the disease. Results of this study which carried out during two consecutive seasons for the years 2012 - 2013 and 2013 - 2014 at two different environmental locations. Seed treatment by (SA 100 and 200 mg/L, 500 ?–aminobutyric acid (BABA) and 1000 mg/L, Effective Microorganisms (EM1) 40 and 150 ml/kg seeds) have led to high significant reduction in the percentage of common bunt compared with the control (plants resulting from the seeds contaminated non- treatment), While foliar treatment showed some significant differences, especially in the experiment carried out at the fields of College of Agriculture - Baghdad University compared with experiments carried out in the fields of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences -University of Sulaimania, which did not showed significant differences in most treatments. The treatment with Effective microorganisms was found efficient in reducing the infection rate compared with SA and BABA.

scholarly journals Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 differentially induces tomato defense signaling pathways depending on plant part and dose of application

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Dimopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Theologidis ◽  
Burghard Liebmann ◽  
Kriton Kalantidis ◽  
Nikon Vassilakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Host

AbstractThe success of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a biological control agent relies on its ability to outgrow plant pathogens. It is also thought to interact with its plant host by inducing systemic resistance. In this study, the ability of B. amyloliquefaciens MBI600 to elicit defense (or other) responses in tomato seedlings and plants was assessed upon the expression of marker genes and transcriptomic analysis. Spray application of Serifel, a commercial formulation of MBI600, induced responses in a dose-dependent manner. Low dosage primed plant defense by activation of SA-responsive genes. Suggested dosage induced defense by mediating synergistic cross-talk between JA/ET and SA-signaling. Saturation of tomato roots or leaves with MBI600 elicitors activated JA/ET signaling at the expense of SA-mediated responses. The complex signaling network that is implicated in MBI600-tomato seedling interactions was mapped. MBI600 and flg22 (a bacterial flagellin peptide) elicitors induced, in a similar manner, biotic and abiotic stress responses by the coordinated activation of genes involved in JA/ET biosynthesis as well as hormone and redox signaling. This is the first study to suggest the activation of plant defense following the application of a commercial microbial formulation under conditions of greenhouse crop production.

scholarly journals Modes of action of non-pathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum in controlling Fusarium wilts

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alabouvette ◽  
Ch. Olivain
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Biocontrol Efficacy ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Defence Reactions ◽  
Chlamydospore Germination ◽  
Fusarium Wilts

Many studies have demonstrated the capacity of non-pathogenic strains of F. oxysporum to control Fusarium diseases.<br />These non-pathogenic strains show several modes of action contributing to their biocontrol capacity. They are able to<br />compete for nutrients in the soil, affecting the rate of chlamydospore germination and the saprophytic growth of the<br />pathogen, diminishing the probability for the pathogen to reach the root surface. They are competing with the pathogen<br />at the root surface for colonization of infection sites, and inside the root where they induce plant defence reactions. By<br />triggering the defence reactions, they induce systemic resistance of the plant. Depending on the strain, and on the plant<br />species, these mechanisms are more or less important, leading to a more or less efficient biocontrol efficacy.

scholarly journals Local Responses and Systemic Induced Resistance Mediated by Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Dreischhoff ◽  
Ishani S. Das ◽  
Mareike Jakobi ◽  
Karl Kasper ◽  
Andrea Polle
Keyword(s):  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Induced Systemic Resistance ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Extramatrical Mycelium

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) grow as saprotrophs in soil and interact with plants, forming mutualistic associations with roots of many economically and ecologically important forest tree genera. EMF ensheath the root tips and produce an extensive extramatrical mycelium for nutrient uptake from the soil. In contrast to other mycorrhizal fungal symbioses, EMF do not invade plant cells but form an interface for nutrient exchange adjacent to the cortex cells. The interaction of roots and EMF affects host stress resistance but uncovering the underlying molecular mechanisms is an emerging topic. Here, we focused on local and systemic effects of EMF modulating defenses against insects or pathogens in aboveground tissues in comparison with arbuscular mycorrhizal induced systemic resistance. Molecular studies indicate a role of chitin in defense activation by EMF in local tissues and an immune response that is induced by yet unknown signals in aboveground tissues. Volatile organic compounds may be involved in long-distance communication between below- and aboveground tissues, in addition to metabolite signals in the xylem or phloem. In leaves of EMF-colonized plants, jasmonate signaling is involved in transcriptional re-wiring, leading to metabolic shifts in the secondary and nitrogen-based defense metabolism but cross talk with salicylate-related signaling is likely. Ectomycorrhizal-induced plant immunity shares commonalities with systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance. We highlight novel developments and provide a guide to future research directions in EMF-induced resistance.

scholarly journals The Plant Growth–Promoting Rhizobacterium Bacillus cereus AR156 Induces Systemic Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana by Simultaneously Activating Salicylate- and Jasmonate/Ethylene-Dependent Signaling Pathways

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Dong Niu ◽  
Hong-Xia Liu ◽  
Chun-Hao Jiang ◽  
Yun-Peng Wang ◽  
Qing-Ya Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Bacillus cereus AR156 is a plant growth–promoting rhizobacterium that induces resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens including Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. This study analyzed AR156-induced systemic resistance (ISR) to DC3000 in Arabidopsis ecotype Col-0 plants. Compared with mock-treated plants, AR156-treated ones showed an increase in biomass and reductions in disease severity and pathogen density in the leaves. The defense-related genes PR1, PR2, PR5, and PDF1.2 were concurrently expressed in the leaves of AR156-treated plants, suggesting simultaneous activation of the salicylic acid (SA)- and the jasmonic acid (JA)- and ethylene (ET)-dependent signaling pathways by AR156. The above gene expression was faster and stronger in plants treated with AR156 and inoculated with DC3000 than that in plants only inoculated with DC3000. Moreover, the cellular defense responses hydrogen peroxide accumulation and callose deposition were induced upon challenge inoculation in the leaves of Col-0 plants primed by AR156. Also, pretreatment with AR156 led to a higher level of induced protection against DC3000 in Col-0 than that in the transgenic NahG, the mutant jar1 or etr1, but the protection was absent in the mutant npr1. Therefore, AR156 triggers ISR in Arabidopsis by simultaneously activating the SA- and JA/ET-signaling pathways in an NPR1-dependent manner that leads to an additive effect on the level of induced protection.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF RHIZOBACTERIA FROM ONION RHIZOSPHERE CAN INDUCE SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON ONION PLANTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milda Ernita ◽  
trimurti habazar ◽  
jamsari ◽  
nasrun
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Blight Disease

In modern cultivation processes indiscriminate use of pesticides and fertilizers, has led to substantialpollution of soil, air and water. So, there is an urgent need to solve the problem. Rhizobacteria are bacteria thatcolonize plant roots, and these bacteria are known to stimulate growth and thereby reduce incidence of plantdisease by direct and indirect mechanisms. A total of 136 rhizobacteria isolates were isolated from differentrhizosphere soils in central areas of production of onions in Indonesia. These isolates were screened for theircapability to enhance growth and protect onions against bacterial leaf blight disease-caused by Xanthomonasaxonopodis pv.allii. The results showed that ten isolates can enhance growth and protect onions against bacterialleaf blight diseases. Five isolates were isolated from West Sumatra, four isolates from Java and one isolated fromNorth Sumatra. All isolates produced indol-3-acetic acid with different concentrations. Molecular identificationof ten isolates belong to Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Stenotrophomonas sp and Serratia sp.

scholarly journals Control of Postharvest Decay of Apple Fruit with Candida saitoana and Induction of Defense Responses

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El Ghaouth ◽  
Charles L. Wilson ◽  
Michael Wisniewski
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Glucanase Activity ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Lag Period

The ability of Candida saitoana to induce systemic resistance in apple fruit against Botrytis cinerea was investigated. To separate the antagonistic activity of C. saitoana from its ability to induce resistance, the antagonist and the pathogen were applied in spatially separated wounds. In fresh apples, C. saitoana applied 0 or 24 h before inoculation with B. cinerea showed no effect on lesion development caused by B. cinerea. When applied 48 to 72 h preinoculation with B. cinerea, however, C. saitoana reduced lesion diameter by more than 50 and 70%, respectively, compared with wounding. C. saitoana had no effect on lesion development on stored apples, regardless of the lag period between yeast treatment and inoculation with B. cinerea. In addition to inducing systemic resistance, C. saitoana increased chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities with a higher accumulation in fresh than in stored apples. In fresh apples, the onset of systemic resistance to B. cinerea coincided with the increase in chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activity in systemically protected tissue. These studies show that C. saitoana is capable of inducing systemic resistance in apple fruit and indirectly suggest that antifungal hydrolases are involved in the observed systemic protection.

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