scholarly journals Ferroptosis contributes to developmental cell death in rice blast

2020 ◽  
Vol 227 (6) ◽  
pp. 1831-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Shen ◽  
Meiling Liang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yi Zhen Deng ◽  
Naweed I. Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Developmental Cell Death

scholarly journals Ferroptosis contributes to developmental cell death in rice blast

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Shen ◽  
Meiling Liang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yi Zhen Deng ◽  
Naweed I. Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Blast Fungus ◽  
Developmental Cell Death

AbstractWe identified that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death process, occurs in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and plays a key role in infection-related development therein. Ferroptosis in the blast fungus was confirmed based on the four basic criteria. We confirmed the dependence of ferroptosis on ferric ions, and optimized C11-BODIPY581/591 as a key sensor for subcellular detection and quantification of lipid peroxides that mediate ferroptotic cell death during the pathogenic growth phase of M. oryzae. In addition, we uncovered an important regulatory function for reduced glutathione and the NADPH oxidases in generating/modulating the superoxide moieties for ferroptotic cell death in Magnaporthe. Ferroptosis was found to be necessary for the specific developmental cell death in conidia during appressorium maturation in rice blast. Such ferroptotic cell death initiated first in the terminal cell and progressed sequentially to the entire conidium. Chelation of iron or chemical inhibition of ferroptosis caused conidial cells to remain viable and led to strong defects in host invasion by M. oryzae. Precocious induction of ferroptosis in a blast-susceptible rice cultivar led to resistance against M. oryzae invasion. Interestingly, ferroptosis and autophagy were found to play inter-reliant or codependent roles in contributing to such precise cell death in M. oryzae conidia during pathogenic differentiation. Our study provides significant molecular insights into understanding the role of developmental cell death and iron homeostasis in infection-associated morphogenesis and in fungus-plant interaction in the blast pathosystem.

scholarly journals c-junIs Dispensable for Developmental Cell Death and Axogenesis in the Retina

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 4349-4359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Herzog ◽  
Shu-Cheng Chen ◽  
James I. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Developmental Cell Death

scholarly journals NMDA receptors promote survival in somatosensory relay nuclei by inhibiting Bax-dependent developmental cell death

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (45) ◽  
pp. 16971-16976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. de Rivero Vaccari ◽  
G. P. Casey ◽  
S. Aleem ◽  
W.-M. Park ◽  
R. A. Corriveau
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Developmental Cell Death

scholarly journals Role of two metacaspases in development and pathogenicity of the Rice Blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Fernandez ◽  
Victor Lopez ◽  
Lisa Kinch ◽  
Mariel A. Pfeifer ◽  
Hillery Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTRice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a devastating disease of cultivated rice worldwide. Infections by this fungus lead to a significant reduction in rice yields and threats to food security. To gain better insight into growth and cell death in M. oryzae during infection, we characterized two predicted M. oryzae metacaspase proteins, MoMca1 and MoMca2. These proteins appear to be functionally redundant and are able to complement the yeast Yca1 homologue. Biochemical analysis revealed that M. oryzae metacaspases exhibited Ca2+ dependent caspase activity in vitro. Deletion of both MoMca1 and MoMca2 in M. oryzae resulted in reduced sporulation, delay in conidial germination and attenuation of disease severity. In addition, the double ΔMomca1mca2 mutant strain showed increased radial growth in the presence of oxidative stress. Interestingly, the ΔMomca1mca2 strain showed an increase accumulation of insoluble aggregates compared to the wild-type strain during vegetative growth. Our findings suggest that MoMca1 and MoMca2 promote the clearance of insoluble aggregates in M. oryzae, demonstrating the important role these metacaspases have in fungal protein homeostasis. Furthermore, these metacaspase proteins may play additional roles, like in regulating stress responses, that would help maintain the fitness of fungal cells required for host infection.IMPORTANCEMagnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease that threatens global food security by resulting in the severe loss of rice production every year. A tightly regulated life cycle allows M. oryzae to disarm the host plant immune system during its biotrophic stage before triggering plant cell death in its necrotrophic stage. The ways M. oryzae navigates its complex life cycle remains unclear. This work characterizes two metacaspase proteins with peptidase activity in M. oryzae that are shown to be involved in the regulation of fungal growth and development prior to infection by potentially helping maintain fungal fitness. This study provides new insight into the role of metacaspase proteins in filamentous fungi by illustrating the delays in M. oryzae morphogenesis in the absence of these proteins. Understanding the mechanisms by which M. oryzae morphology and development promote its devastating pathogenicity may lead to the emergence of proper methods for disease control.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENTAL CELL DEATH IN WHEAT FLAG LEAF TIPS IN TWO WHEAT CULTIVARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Kipkios TUBEI ◽  
Lucas CHURCH ◽  
Tim XING
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Developmental Cell Death
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